Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics in Flooded Soils PDF Download

Author: G. J. D. Kirk
Publisher: Int. Rice Res. Inst.
ISBN: 9712201406
Category : Rice
Languages : en
Pages : 195

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Author:
Publisher: Agribookstore/Winrock
ISBN:
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 446

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Author: Pierre A. Roger
Publisher: Int. Rice Res. Inst.
ISBN: 971220068X
Category : Flood-Rice field
Languages : en
Pages : 269

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Book Description

Author: Rattan Lal
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1351091158
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 843

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Book Description
This book addresses the importance of soil processes in the global carbon cycle.Agricultural activities considered responsible for an increase in CO2 levels in our atmosphere include: deforestation, biomass burning, tillage and intensive cultivation, and drainage of wetlands.However, agriculture can also be a solution to the problem in which carbon can be removed from the atmosphere and permanently sequestered into the soil. Management of Carbon Sequestration in Soil highlights the importance of world soils as a sink for atmospheric carbon and discusses the impact of tillage, conservation reserve programs (CRP), management of grasslands and woodlands, and other soil and crop management and land use practices that lead to carbon sequestration.

Author: Agnes C. Rola
Publisher: IRRI CABI
ISBN: 971220037X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 108

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Book Description
Introduction and overview of conclusions; Pest-related yield losses in rice: reality and perceptions; Crop protection technologies; A profile of pesticide use for rice; Choice of crop protection technologies under risk: an expected utility maximization framework; Pesticide exposure, farmers' health, and choice of pest control technologies; IPM implementation in the Philippines: a policy overview; Regulating pesticide use in Philippine agricultural production: some policy considerations.

Author: Pol Deturck
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Acid soils
Languages : en
Pages : 328

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Author: P. S. Teng
Publisher: Int. Rice Res. Inst.
ISBN: 9712200515
Category : Pests
Languages : en
Pages : 300

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Book Description
Revised and updated selected papers from the 1992 International Rice Research Conference.

Author: Abias Uwimana
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000025683
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 163

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Book Description
The study used a combination of landscape-scale synoptic surveys (catchment, reaches) and mesocosm surveys (experimental plots) to assess the impacts of conversion of natural valley-bottom wetlands to farming land on the water quality and retention of sediment and nutrients. The results showed that temperature, pH, electrical conductivity and dissolved oxygen concentration decreased, and total suspended solids (TSS) increased with storm water increase. Nitrogen (TN) and phosphorus (TP) accumulated in the catchment during the dry season and washed into the water courses during the early stages of the higher flows, with subsequent lower concentrations at the end of the rains due to dilution. Large proportions of the annual loads of TSS, TP and TN (93%, 60% and 67%, respectively) were transported during rainfall events that occurred in 115 days. Fishponds acted as temporal traps of TSS, TN and TP at the early stages of farming, and were a source of and TN and TP at the end of the farming period, in contrast to rice farming that generated sediments and nutrients early in the farming period and trapped them at the end of the farming season. Wetlands mostly acted as sinks but sometimes as a source of sediment and nutrients.

Author: J.K. Ladha
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401709106
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 212

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Book Description
Chemical fertilizers have had a significant impact on food production in the recent past, and are today an indispensable part of modern agriculture. On the other hand, the oil crisis of the 1970s and the current Middle East problems are constant reminders of the vulnerability of our fossil fuel dependent agriculture. There are vast areas of the developing world where N fertilizers are neither available nor affordable and, in most of these countries, balance of payment problems have resulted in the removal of N fertilizer subsidies. The external costs of environmental degradation and human health far exceed economic concerns. Input efficiency of N fertilizer is one of the lowest and, in turn, contributes substantially to environmental pollution. Nitrate in ground and surface waters and the threat to the stability of the ozone layer from gaseous oxides of nitrogen are major health and environmental concerns. The removal of large quantities of crop produce from the land also depletes soil of its native N reserves. Another concern is the decline in crop yields under continuous use of N fertilizers. These economic, environmental and production considerations dictate that biological alternatives which can augment, and in some cases replace, N fertilizers must be exploited. Long-term sustainability of agricultural systems must rely on the use and effective management of internal resources. The process of biological nitrogen fixation offers and economically attractive and ecologically sound means of reducing external nitrogen input and improving the quality and quantity of internal resources. In this book, we outline sustainability issues that dictate an increased use of biological nitrogen fixation and the constraints on its optimal use in agriculture.

Author: Nobuhiro Kaneko
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 4431548041
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 287

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Book Description
We are not free from environmental risks that accompany the development of human societies. Modern economic development has accelerated environmental pollution, caused loss of natural habitats, and modified landscapes. These environmental changes have impacted natural systems: water and heat circulation, nutrient cycling, and biodiversity. These changes in natural systems degrade ecosystem services and subsequently increase environmental risks for humans. Environmental risks, therefore, are not only human health risks by pollution, climatic anomalies and natural disasters, but also degradation of ecosystem services on which most people are relying for their lives. We cannot entirely eliminate the risks, because it is not possible to attain zero impact on the environment, but we need to find a mechanism that minimizes environmental risks for human sustainably. This is the idea of the interdisciplinary framework of “environmental risk management” theory, which advocates harmony between economic development and environmental conservation. Based on this theory, the Sustainable Living with Environmental Risk (SLER) programme, adopted by the Japanese Ministry of Education (MEXT) as one of its strategic programmes, has been training graduate students at the Yokohama National University, Japan, from 2009 to 2013 to become future environmental leaders who will take the initiative in reducing the level of environmental risks and in protecting natural resources in the developing nations of Asia and Africa. This book provides students and teachers of this new academic field with a comprehensive coverage of case studies of environmental risks and their practical management technologies not only in Japan but also in developing nations in Asia and Africa.