Private Money and Public Currencies: The Sixteenth Century Challenge PDF Download

Author: M-.T.Boyer- Xambeau
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1315491036
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 277

View

Book Description
First Published in 1994. Writing as a unified team, the authors, three French economists—they insist they are economists, not economic historians, though they are steeped in the monetary, financial, economic, social, and political history of Europe in the sixteenth century—have written a fascinating account of the development of means of payment at the end of the Renaissance and the beginning of the modern period. The account is limited for the most part to what they call “Latin Christianity”—primarily France, Italy, and Spain. It describes both the development of an integrated circuit of intra-European payments by means of bills of exchange negotiated at trade and payment fairs and the emergence of national systems of money of account and metallic coins at the hands of the monarchs of the emerging state system.

Author: M-.T.Boyer- Xambeau
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1315491044
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 248

View

Book Description
First Published in 1994. Writing as a unified team, the authors, three French economists—they insist they are economists, not economic historians, though they are steeped in the monetary, financial, economic, social, and political history of Europe in the sixteenth century—have written a fascinating account of the development of means of payment at the end of the Renaissance and the beginning of the modern period. The account is limited for the most part to what they call “Latin Christianity”—primarily France, Italy, and Spain. It describes both the development of an integrated circuit of intra-European payments by means of bills of exchange negotiated at trade and payment fairs and the emergence of national systems of money of account and metallic coins at the hands of the monarchs of the emerging state system.

Author: Christine Desan
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 0198709579
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 501

View

Book Description
In this revisionist history of the development of the modern monetary system, Desan argues that money effectively creates economic activity rather than emerging from it. Her account demonstrates that money's design has been a project central to governance and formative to markets.

Author: Avi Goldfarb
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 022620684X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 510

View

Book Description
There is a small and growing literature that explores the impact of digitization in a variety of contexts, but its economic consequences, surprisingly, remain poorly understood. This volume aims to set the agenda for research in the economics of digitization, with each chapter identifying a promising area of research. "Economics of Digitization "identifies urgent topics with research already underway that warrant further exploration from economists. In addition to the growing importance of digitization itself, digital technologies have some features that suggest that many well-studied economic models may not apply and, indeed, so many aspects of the digital economy throw normal economics in a loop. "Economics of Digitization" will be one of the first to focus on the economic implications of digitization and to bring together leading scholars in the economics of digitization to explore emerging research.

Author: Josh Ryan-Collins
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781908506542
Category : Banks and banking
Languages : en
Pages : 186

View

Book Description
Based on detailed research and consultation with experts, including the Bank of England, this book reviews theoretical and historical debates on the nature of money and banking and explains the role of the central bank, the Government and the European Union. Following a sell out first edition and reprint, this second edition includes new sections on Libor and quantitative easing in the UK and the sovereign debt crisis in Europe.

Author: Jayashree Patil-Dake
Publisher: Xoffencerpublication
ISBN: 8119534034
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 248

View

Book Description
The curiosity and imagination of investors, researchers, politicians, and members of the general public alike have been captured by cryptocurrencies and the Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT), which they are founded on. Cryptocurrencies were hailed as the "currency of the future" by the technology industry, and their proponents extolled the potential benefits of using them. These potential benefits included a payment system that was risk-free and entirely decentralized, a financial sector that was more streamlined and more reliable, and an economy that was more cooperative, open, and democratic. The reality has been more complicated than anticipated, and it is characterized by a significant degree of volatility in the price of well-known cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin, an uncomfortably high degree of opacity and centralization, and inefficient implementations, particularly with regard to the quantity of energy that is used. The allure of India as a potential answer to time-honored economic issues, with its cutting-edge advancements in computer science and cryptography, is, however, too powerful to ignore. Therefore, in spite of the obvious difficulties that jindiat brought up, people are still coming up with new applications for distributed ledger technology. Through the utilization of non-fungible tokens, one of these applications has the potential to bring about a sea change in the manner in which works of art and other types of intellectual property are exchanged. It should come as no surprise that the range of applications for cryptocurrencies, blockchains, and DLT, in addition to the requisite technical background to comprehend them, are outside the scope of what can be covered in a single article. To those people who are interested in knowing more about this intriguing region, we certainly suggest this as a location to begin their exploration of the topic. The applications of distributed ledger technology that are directly connected to finance will be the primary topic of discussion throughout this chapter. To be more exact, we take into consideration cryptocurrencies that may be thought of as pure assets or commodities like Bitcoin, as well as the more recent class of cryptocurrencies known as stable coins that are used in central bank digital currencies (CBDC).

Author: Bernard Lietaer
Publisher: Berrett-Koehler Publishers
ISBN: 1609942981
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 337

View

Book Description
This study reveals how our monetary system reinforces scarcity, and how communities are already using new paradigms to foster sustainable prosperity. In the United States and across Europe, our economies are stuck in an agonizing cycle of repeated financial meltdowns. Yet solutions already exist, not only our recurring fiscal crises but our ongoing social and ecological debacles as well. These changes came about not through increased conventional taxation, enlightened self-interest, or government programs, but by people simply rethinking the concept of money. In Rethinking Money, Bernard Lietaer and Jacqui Dunne explore the origins of our current monetary system—built on bank debt and scarcity—revealing how its limitations give rise to so many serious problems. The authors then present stories of ordinary people and communities using new money, working in cooperation with national currencies, to strengthen local economies, create work, beautify cities, provide education, and more. These real-world examples are just the tip of the iceberg—over four thousand cooperative currencies are already in existence. The book provides remedies for challenges faced by governments, businesses, nonprofits, local communities, and even banks. It demystifies a complex and critically important topic and offers meaningful solutions that will do far more than restore prosperity—it will provide the framework for an era of sustainable abundance.

Author: Duncan McGregor
Publisher: "O'Reilly Media, Inc."
ISBN: 1492082228
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 424

View

Book Description
It takes a week to travel the 8,000 miles overland from Java to Kotlin. If you're an experienced Java developer who has tried the Kotlin language, you were probably productive in about the same time. You'll have found that they do things differently in Kotlin, though. Nullability is important, collections are different, and classes are final by default. Kotlin is more functional, but what does that mean, and how should it change the way that you program? And what about all that Java code that you still have to support? Your tour guides Duncan and Nat first made the trip in 2015, and they've since helped many teams and individuals follow in their footsteps. Travel with them as they break the route down into legs like Optional to Nullable, Beans to Values, and Open to Sealed Classes. Each explains a key concept and then shows how to refactor production Java to idiomatic Kotlin, gradually and safely, while maintaining interoperability. The resulting code is simpler, more expressive, and easier to change. By the end of the journey, you'll be confident in refactoring Java to Kotlin, writing Kotlin from scratch, and managing a mixed language codebase as it evolves over time.

Author: Filippo Zatti
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1003853323
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 265

View

Book Description
This book delves into the intricacies of digital assets. With the increasing reliance on crypto and the potential adoption of digital currencies by central banks, our monetary system is at a critical point. The importance of taking the next step has become even more stringent, as evidenced by this systematic scientific reconstruction. Divided into five concentric parts, the book starts with a historical, technical and financial introduction to digital assets. It then explores the changing role of central banking and monetary economics in the upcoming era. Finally, it focuses on the broad legal issues arising from the new digital landscape, not shying away from exploring forward-thinking solutions and policies for the future. With the contributions of prominent international experts in the field, this collection supplies a transdisciplinary analysis based on the belief that complex phenomena can only be handled by complex solutions. This groundbreaking work aims to be more than just an academic treatise; it is a must-read for students, scholars, financial professionals, and all those who want to understand the emerging digital currency reality that many have yet to fully recognise.

Author: Mr.Dong He
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 149836327X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 42

View

Book Description
New technologies are driving transformational changes in the global financial system. Virtual currencies (VCs) and the underlying distributed ledger systems are among these. VCs offer many potential benefits, but also considerable risks. VCs could raise efficiency and in the long run strengthen financial inclusion. At the same time, VCs could be potential vehicles for money laundering, terrorist financing, tax evasion and fraud. While risks to the conduct of monetary policy seem less likely to arise at this stage given the very small scale of VCs, risks to financial stability may eventually emerge as the new technologies become more widely used. National authorities have begun to address these challenges and will need to calibrate regulation in a manner that appropriately addresses the risks without stifling innovation. As experience is gained, international standards and best practices could be considered to provide guidance on the most appropriate regulatory responses in different fields, thereby promoting harmonization and cooperation across jurisdictions.