Prediction of Chloride Penetration Into Saturated Concrete PDF Download

Author: Olivier Truc
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789171979339
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 180

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Author: R. Douglas Hooton
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bridges
Languages : en
Pages : 438

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Book Description

Author: Caijun Shi
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0429881983
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 295

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Book Description
Chloride-induced corrosion is the most important durability issue of reinforced concrete structures, and the prediction and prevention of chloride-induced corrosion has attracted considerable interest all over the world. Given that chloride penetrates through the concrete cover, the issues concerning its transport are crucial. These include testing methods, prediction, and the prevention of ingress. During the transport process, physical and chemical interaction occurs between chloride and cement hydrates, which in turn affects the further transport, so the transport of chloride and these interactions are closely related and underpin our understanding of chloride-induced corrosion in RC structures. This book provides in-depth discussion of chloride transport and its interaction in cement-based materials, and reviews and summarizes the state of the art. The mechanisms and testing methods for chloride transport, chemical interactions of chloride with cement hydrates, chloride binding isotherms, measurement of penetration depths, factors affecting chloride transport, and modeling of chloride transport are discussed in detail. This book serves as a reference for researchers or engineer, and a textbook for graduate students.

Author: Luping Tang
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0203882415
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 264

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Book Description
Chloride ingress in reinforced concrete induces corrosion and consequent spilling and structural weakness, and it occurs world-wide and imposes an enormous cost. Yet it can be resisted by using test methods and relevant models for service life prediction.Resistance of Concrete to Chloride Ingress sets out current understanding of chloride transport

Author: Carmen Andrade
Publisher: RILEM Publications
ISBN: 9782912143488
Category : Cholorides
Languages : en
Pages : 466

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Book Description

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chlorides
Languages : en
Pages : 314

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Book Description
In marine environment, the deterioration of concrete structures is mainly due to chloride induced corrosion. With real concrete structures, the deterioration is controlled by the combination of mechanical load and climatic load. The mechanical load results cracks in concrete structures. The cracks accelerate the chloride penetration into concrete structures. As a result, the service life of concrete structures will be reduced considerably. There were many models proposed to predict the deterioration of concrete structures. However, these models are not reliable due to not having simultaneous combination of mechanical and climatic loads. In this research, a model, which simulates the chloride ingress into plain concrete, using different cement types, under flexural cyclic load and tidal environment, was proposed. This model is based on theoretical analysis and experiments of chloride diffusion test, chloride content test and flexural cyclic loading test. Flexural cyclic load is applied from 50% to 80% of to ultimate bending load. Fictitious crack model is adopted to predict fatigue crack growth of plain concrete beam under flexural fatigue. Experimental results show the linear relation between results of short-term and long-term test of chloride diffusion coefficient. Of the four common cement types, Ordinary Portland cement is the best cement type using for concretes in term of the chloride induced corrosion resistance because of the highest capacity to bind chloride ions. The proposed model shows that the flexural cyclic load accelerates chloride penetration into concrete. The higher the flexural load level, SR, the faster chloride penetration occurred. The model predictions fit well with experimental results when the crack density parameter, and the tortuosity parameter, are introduced.

Author: E. Poulsen
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0203963717
Category : Architecture
Languages : en
Pages : 469

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Book Description
This book is the most comprehensive and flexible theory of chloride ingress in concrete to date. Based on test results and field observations, the book demonstrates the easy application of this theory to practice. The information is presented in a clear style with each chapter containing an introduction, technical applications and examples, and a final section covering the mathematics behind the theory, to enable the reader to obtain a deeper insight into the subject. Primarily aimed at practising engineers engaged in analysis and design of concrete structures exposed to a chloride laden environment, this book is also a useful reference for mathematicians and engineering students.

Author: H'mida Hamidane
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN: 9783659406102
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 96

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Book Description
The major durability problem facing concrete structures in cold and marine regions is the corrosion of the reinforcing steel, mainly caused by chloride penetration, which results in the loss of structural integrity or even bearing capacity and subsequently collapse. A method for predicting the chloride ingress into concrete structures, which is the first and main phase of chloride induced reinforcement corrosion, is developed. It couples the problems of heat transfer, moisture transport, chloride diffusion and convection.The model is based on a multiscale two dimensional nonlinear time dependent finite element method. The model is capable of reproducing, with good precision, available test data

Author: S. Bioubakhsh
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Book Description
Corrosion of reinforcing steel arising from contamination by chlorides from de-icing salt is the major cause of deterioration of concrete bridges in the UK and many parts of the world. Those elements of structures exposed to cyclic wetting and drying (BS 8500-1, XD3) have proven to be the most vulnerable to corrosion damage. Penetration of chloride in concrete exposed to wet/dry environments occurs by diffusion and absorption. Diffusion is a relatively slow and quite well understood process. However, absorption is a relatively rapid transport mechanism and there is a lack of understanding of the role of this mechanism on chloride ingress as studies on chloride penetration in concrete exposed to wet/dry cycles ignore the effect of this mechanism on chloride ingress. In addition, chloride penetration prediction models are mostly based on Fick's laws of diffusion, ignoring the effect of absorption on chloride ingress. The aims of this work are: to develop a more detailed understanding of chloride penetration in concrete subjected to wet/dry cycles and identify the effect of absorption on chloride ingress; to produce reliable numerical model for chloride penetration due to this transport process; to recommend values of the minimum thickness of concrete cover to steel reinforcement relevant to this service environment or identify exposure conditions which require alternative methods of protection. The absorption test method used in this work is a cyclic regime as developed by TRL [Emerson and Butler, 1997] to represent site conditions. Concrete cubes, 100 mm3, were subjected to wet/dry cycles with the suction surface in contact with NaCl solution. Drying temperature was found to be the most critical factor influencing sorptivity and depth of chloride penetration. The salt solution concentration also had a significant effect on chloride penetration via the apparent surface chloride content. Moreover, the depth of chloride penetration was found to be proportional to the square root of exposure time. Two approaches to predict chloride penetration in concrete exposed to wet/dry cycling are proposed. The first is based on the relationship obtained in the present study between equilibrium sorptivity of concrete, Se, depth of chloride penetration, d, and time, t, which leads to the following general expression, where A, B and C are constants for a given cement type and salt solution concentration d = A×√t + B×Se + C The second method is simply based on the well known solution of Fick's second law but utilises values of apparent diffusion coefficient appropriate to this transport process. The first model suggests that, initially, absorption has a significant effect on chloride ingress but that diffusion dominates long-term behaviour. The outputs from these models suggest that the thicknesses of concrete cover in structures exposed to class XD3 should be higher than those currently recommended in BS 8500-1 (2006). However, there are practical limits as to what can be specified for thickness of concrete cover and therefore alternative methods of protection such as coatings or cathodic protection should be adopted when the concrete cover does not provide sufficient protection.

Author: Koichi Maekawa
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0203927206
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 670

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Book Description
Increases in computer power have now enabled engineers to combine materials science with structural mechanics in the design and the assessment of concrete structures. The techniques developed have become especially useful for the performance assessment of such structures under coupled mechanistic and environmental actions. This allows effective management of infrastructure over a much longer life cycle, thus satisfying the requirements for durability and sustainability. This ground-breaking new book draws on the fields of materials and structural mechanics in an integrated way to address the questions of management and maintenance. It proposes a realistic way of simulating both constituent materials and structural responses under external loading and under ambient conditions. Where the research literature discusses component or element technology related to performance assessment, this book uniquely covers the subject at the level of the whole system including soil foundation, showing engineers how to model changes in concrete structures over time and how to use this for decision making in infrastructure maintenance and asset management.