Precision Landing of a Quadrotor UAV on a Moving Target Using Low-cost Sensors PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Precision Landing of a Quadrotor UAV on a Moving Target Using Low-cost Sensors PDF full book. Access full book title Precision Landing of a Quadrotor UAV on a Moving Target Using Low-cost Sensors by Kevin Ling. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Kevin Ling Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 59
Book Description
With the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) becoming more widespread, a need for precise autonomous landings has arisen. In the maritime setting, precise autonomous landings will help to provide a safe way to recover UAVs deployed from a ship. On land, numerous applications have been proposed for UAV and unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) teams where autonomous docking is required so that the UGVs can either recover or service a UAV in the field. Current state of the art approaches to solving the problem rely on expensive inertial measurement sensors and RTK or differential GPS systems. However, such a solution is not practical for many UAV systems. A framework to perform precision landings on a moving target using low-cost sensors is proposed in this thesis. Vision from a downward facing camera is used to track a target on the landing platform and generate high quality relative pose estimates. The landing procedure consists of three stages. First, a rendezvous stage commands the quadrotor on a path to intercept the target. A target acquisition stage then ensures that the quadrotor is tracking the landing target. Finally, visual measurements of the relative pose to the landing target are used in the target tracking stage where control and estimation are performed in a body-planar frame, without the use of GPS or magnetometer measurements. A comprehensive overview of the control and estimation required to realize the three stage landing approach is presented. Critical parts of the landing framework were implemented on an AscTec Pelican testbed. The AprilTag visual fiducial system is chosen for use as the landing target. Implementation details to improve the AprilTag detection pipeline are presented. Simulated and experimen- tal results validate key portions of the landing framework. The novel relative estimation scheme is evaluated in an indoor positioning system. Tracking and landing on a moving target is demonstrated in an indoor environment. Outdoor tests also validate the target tracking performance in the presence of wind.
Author: Kevin Ling Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 59
Book Description
With the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) becoming more widespread, a need for precise autonomous landings has arisen. In the maritime setting, precise autonomous landings will help to provide a safe way to recover UAVs deployed from a ship. On land, numerous applications have been proposed for UAV and unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) teams where autonomous docking is required so that the UGVs can either recover or service a UAV in the field. Current state of the art approaches to solving the problem rely on expensive inertial measurement sensors and RTK or differential GPS systems. However, such a solution is not practical for many UAV systems. A framework to perform precision landings on a moving target using low-cost sensors is proposed in this thesis. Vision from a downward facing camera is used to track a target on the landing platform and generate high quality relative pose estimates. The landing procedure consists of three stages. First, a rendezvous stage commands the quadrotor on a path to intercept the target. A target acquisition stage then ensures that the quadrotor is tracking the landing target. Finally, visual measurements of the relative pose to the landing target are used in the target tracking stage where control and estimation are performed in a body-planar frame, without the use of GPS or magnetometer measurements. A comprehensive overview of the control and estimation required to realize the three stage landing approach is presented. Critical parts of the landing framework were implemented on an AscTec Pelican testbed. The AprilTag visual fiducial system is chosen for use as the landing target. Implementation details to improve the AprilTag detection pipeline are presented. Simulated and experimen- tal results validate key portions of the landing framework. The novel relative estimation scheme is evaluated in an indoor positioning system. Tracking and landing on a moving target is demonstrated in an indoor environment. Outdoor tests also validate the target tracking performance in the presence of wind.
Author: Jing Xiao Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030339505 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 804
Book Description
In addition to the contributions presented at the 2018 International Symposium on Experimental Robotics (ISER 2018), this book features summaries of the discussions that were held during the event in Buenos Aires, Argentina. These summaries, authored by leading researchers and session organizers, offer important insights on the issues that drove the symposium debates. Readers will find cutting-edge experimental research results from a range of robotics domains, such as medical robotics, unmanned aerial vehicles, mobile robot navigation, mapping and localization, field robotics, robot learning, robotic manipulation, human–robot interaction, and design and prototyping. In this unique collection of the latest experimental robotics work, the common thread is the experimental testing and validation of new ideas and methodologies. The International Symposium on Experimental Robotics is a series of bi-annual symposia sponsored by the International Foundation of Robotics Research, whose goal is to provide a dedicated forum for experimental robotics research. In recent years, robotics has broadened its scientific scope, deepened its methodologies and expanded its applications. However, the significance of experiments remains at the heart of the discipline. The ISER gatherings are an essential venue where scientists can meet and have in-depth discussions on robotics based on this central tenet.
Author: Kurtis W. Schram Publisher: ISBN: Category : Drone aircraft Languages : en Pages : 168
Book Description
The quadrotor used is a common low cost platform with a large open source community. Firstly, non-linear estimation and control techniques are implemented for the attitude stabilization using low-cost sensors and limited computational power. Some methods for the system parameters estimation are presented and some challenges related to the implementation are discussed. Despite the ability of the attitude controller to stabilize the orientation of the quadrotor, hovering and landing precisely over a specific area is not possible without a position stabilization scheme. In applications where GPS signals are not available and the hovering target is a priori unknown, it is common to rely on visual information. In this context, this thesis aims for the development of an efficient optical-flow-based position stabilization and autonomous landing scheme for the quadrotor UAV."-- from abstract.
Author: Ahmad Taher Azar Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3031265645 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 670
Book Description
This book presents the recent research advances in linear and nonlinear control techniques. From both a theoretical and practical standpoint, motion planning and related control challenges are key parts of robotics. Indeed, the literature on the planning of geometric paths and the generation of time-based trajectories, while accounting for the compatibility of such paths and trajectories with the kinematic and dynamic constraints of a manipulator or a mobile vehicle, is extensive and rich in historical references. Path planning is vital and critical for many different types of robotics, including autonomous vehicles, multiple robots, and robot arms. In the case of multiple robot route planning, it is critical to produce a safe path that avoids colliding with objects or other robots. When designing a safe path for an aerial or underwater robot, the 3D environment must be considered. As the number of degrees of freedom on a robot arm increases, so does the difficulty of path planning. As a result, safe pathways for high-dimensional systems must be developed in a timely manner. Nonetheless, modern robotic applications, particularly those requiring one or more robots to operate in a dynamic environment (e.g., human–robot collaboration and physical interaction, surveillance, or exploration of unknown spaces with mobile agents, etc.), pose new and exciting challenges to researchers and practitioners. For instance, planning a robot's motion in a dynamic environment necessitates the real-time and online execution of difficult computational operations. The development of efficient solutions for such real-time computations, which could be offered by specially designed computational architectures, optimized algorithms, and other unique contributions, is thus a critical step in the advancement of present and future-oriented robotics.
Author: Chinese Aeronautical Society Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 981167423X Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 1073
Book Description
To sort out the progress of aviation science and technology and industry, look forward to the future development trend, commend scientific and technological innovation achievements and talents, strengthen international cooperation, promote discipline exchanges, encourage scientific and technological innovation, and promote the development of aviation, the Chinese Aeronautical Society holds a China Aviation Science and Technology Conference every two years, which has been successfully held for four times and has become the highest level, largest scale, most influential and authoritative science and technology conference in the field of aviation in China. The 5th China Aviation Science and Technology Conference will be held in Wuzhen, Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province in 2021, with the theme of "New Generation of Aviation Equipment and Technology", with academician Zhang Yanzhong as the chairman of the conference. This book contains original, peer-reviewed research papers from the conference. The topics covered include but are not limited to navigation, guidance and control technologies, key technologies for aircraft design and overall optimization, aviation test technologies, aviation airborne systems, electromechanical technologies, structural design, aerodynamics and flight mechanics, other related technologies, advanced aviation materials and manufacturing technologies, advanced aviation propulsion technologies, and civil aviation transportation. The papers presented here share the latest discoveries on aviation science and technology, making the book a valuable asset for researchers, engineers, and students.
Author: Samuel Ubellacker Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 66
Book Description
This thesis studies the problem of grasping static and moving targets with a Soft Drone, which is a quadrotor platform where the landing gear is replaced with a soft manipulator. Whereas traditional rigid aerial manipulators are intolerant to positioning errors and susceptible to large contact forces, the Soft Drone leverages a soft, tendon-actuated gripper, whose inherent compliance provides robustness against imprecision and mitigates disturbances. However, the Soft Drone still requires the design of control algorithms for grasping as well as prediction methods to track a moving target. The first part of the thesis focuses on control algorithms for grasping a static target with specific consideration towards real-world conditions. Unmodeled external disturbances, such as the added mass of the target post-grasp, are estimated and compensated through an adaptive controller. When a motion capture system is not available, the target is localized using purely onboard sensors through a perception-based approach. Experimental results are presented which show that the adaptive control scheme is capable of asymptotically stabilizing the zero tracking error of a static grasp trajectory, despite external disturbances. Initial results of the perception-based grasp are also shown using a photo-realistic simulator. The second part of the thesis focuses on grasping a moving target. Estimation and prediction of the target's state become key considerations when the target is moving. We employ an Extended Kalman filter for state estimation and use regularized polynomial fitting to predict the target's future trajectory. This information is used in a linear model predictive controller, which enables the quadrotor to track the target's state with minimal error. Simulation results show that our estimation and prediction approaches are robust against varying levels of noise and target predictability and that the control design enables successful grasping of a moving target.
Author: Rick Schieni Publisher: ISBN: Category : Drone aircraft Languages : en Pages : 86
Book Description
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have emerged as an extraordinarily useful technology in both civilian and military applications. Recent efforts have focused on expanding the capabilities of individual UAVs to the application of multiple vehicle swarms to efficiently accomplish otherwise laborious and dangerous tasks. In this work, a trajectory generation method is presented to safely land the individuals of a UAV team on a moving vessel following the performance of a team mission. It is assumed that the landing vessel has a compartment dedicated to vehicle storage which restricts the final landing maneuver to a confined space. Trajectories are generated by solving a constrained optimization problem in a computationally efficient manner by exploiting the properties of Pythagorean Hodograph Bèzier curves. A case study is presented to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed trajectory generator. The study examines the effectiveness of the method to create successful landing trajectories for the individuals of the UAV swarm. It is shown that the method creates collision-free trajectories for multiple vehicles as they attempt to land in a confined compartment on a moving target.
Author: Luis Rodolfo García Carrillo Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 144714399X Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 191
Book Description
Quad Rotorcraft Control develops original control methods for the navigation and hovering flight of an autonomous mini-quad-rotor robotic helicopter. These methods use an imaging system and a combination of inertial and altitude sensors to localize and guide the movement of the unmanned aerial vehicle relative to its immediate environment. The history, classification and applications of UAVs are introduced, followed by a description of modelling techniques for quad-rotors and the experimental platform itself. A control strategy for the improvement of attitude stabilization in quad-rotors is then proposed and tested in real-time experiments. The strategy, based on the use low-cost components and with experimentally-established robustness, avoids drift in the UAV’s angular position by the addition of an internal control loop to each electronic speed controller ensuring that, during hovering flight, all four motors turn at almost the same speed. The quad-rotor’s Euler angles being very close to the origin, other sensors like GPS or image-sensing equipment can be incorporated to perform autonomous positioning or trajectory-tracking tasks. Two vision-based strategies, each designed to deal with a specific kind of mission, are introduced and separately tested. The first stabilizes the quad-rotor over a landing pad on the ground; it extracts the 3-dimensional position using homography estimation and derives translational velocity by optical flow calculation. The second combines colour-extraction and line-detection algorithms to control the quad-rotor’s 3-dimensional position and achieves forward velocity regulation during a road-following task. In order to estimate the translational-dynamical characteristics of the quad-rotor (relative position and translational velocity) as they evolve within a building or other unstructured, GPS-deprived environment, imaging, inertial and altitude sensors are combined in a state observer. The text give the reader a current view of the problems encountered in UAV control, specifically those relating to quad-rotor flying machines and it will interest researchers and graduate students working in that field. The vision-based control strategies presented help the reader to a better understanding of how an imaging system can be used to obtain the information required for performance of the hovering and navigation tasks ubiquitous in rotored UAV operation.
Author: Kevin Ling
Author: Kevin Ling
Author: Jing Xiao
Author: Denys Bohdanov
Author: Kurtis W. Schram
Author: Felipe Gonzalez Toro
Author: Ahmad Taher Azar
Author: Chinese Aeronautical Society
Author: Samuel Ubellacker
Author: Rick Schieni
Author: Luis Rodolfo García Carrillo