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Author: Susan W. Brenner Publisher: Transaction Publishers ISBN: 9781412831772 Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 394
Book Description
Precedents are decisions judges have issued in prior cases. In the common law, precedents are used to determine what the outcome of present cases should be, under the doctrine of "stare decisis, "which stipulates that new cases are resolved by applying legal rules developed in the process of deciding past cases. This volume postulates a relationship between the concept of legal precedent and the means that are used to make specific precedents available to the legal profession. The author concentrates specifically on the effect computer databases such as lexis and westlaw will have on the use of precedent in the common law. By tracing the history of law reporting, Professor Brenner demonstrates how the Anglo-American conception of precedent has altered over the past seven hundred years, and that these alterations reflect changes in the means used to distribute precedents. She explains why computers will become the primary means of disseminating precedents and describes the evolution and operation of the two on-line services that provide access to precedents by means of computer terminals and modems. These services--lexis and westlaw-- are operated by private entrepreneurs in the business of providing precedents to the legal profession. Arguing that such services will have a profound effect on the conception and use of precedent, Brenner provides an empirical study of both services to show the effects they have already had, and outlines the conception of precedent that will result from the use of computers as "law reporters." This, she believes, will be a quantitative conception in which judicial decisions will be used in a manner analogous to the use of quantitative data in scientific endeavors. This study, written with a brilliance often reserved for popular writing at its best, is unique in its application of sociology of knowledge principles to the analysis of law reporting in its examination of citations to approximately 25,000 judicial decisions. It will be of special interest to lawyers, sociologists, and policymakers.
Author: Susan W. Brenner Publisher: Transaction Publishers ISBN: 9781412831772 Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 394
Book Description
Precedents are decisions judges have issued in prior cases. In the common law, precedents are used to determine what the outcome of present cases should be, under the doctrine of "stare decisis, "which stipulates that new cases are resolved by applying legal rules developed in the process of deciding past cases. This volume postulates a relationship between the concept of legal precedent and the means that are used to make specific precedents available to the legal profession. The author concentrates specifically on the effect computer databases such as lexis and westlaw will have on the use of precedent in the common law. By tracing the history of law reporting, Professor Brenner demonstrates how the Anglo-American conception of precedent has altered over the past seven hundred years, and that these alterations reflect changes in the means used to distribute precedents. She explains why computers will become the primary means of disseminating precedents and describes the evolution and operation of the two on-line services that provide access to precedents by means of computer terminals and modems. These services--lexis and westlaw-- are operated by private entrepreneurs in the business of providing precedents to the legal profession. Arguing that such services will have a profound effect on the conception and use of precedent, Brenner provides an empirical study of both services to show the effects they have already had, and outlines the conception of precedent that will result from the use of computers as "law reporters." This, she believes, will be a quantitative conception in which judicial decisions will be used in a manner analogous to the use of quantitative data in scientific endeavors. This study, written with a brilliance often reserved for popular writing at its best, is unique in its application of sociology of knowledge principles to the analysis of law reporting in its examination of citations to approximately 25,000 judicial decisions. It will be of special interest to lawyers, sociologists, and policymakers.
Author: Paul Donovan Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1317690044 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 215
Book Description
Inflation is a simple topic, in that the basic concepts are something that everyone can understand. However, inflation is not a simplistic topic. The composition of inflation and what the different inflation measures try to represent cannot be summarised with a single line on a chart or a casual reference to a solitary data point. Investors very often fail to understand the detail behind inflation, and end up making bad investment decisions as a result. The Truth About Inflation does not set out to forecast inflation, but to help improve its understanding, so that investors can make better decisions to achieve the real returns that they need. Starting with a summary of long history of inflation, the drivers of price change are considered. Many of the "urban myths" that have built up about inflation are shown to be a consequence of irrational judgement or political scaremongering. Some behaviour, like the unhealthy veneration of gold as a means of inflation protection, is shown to be the result of historical accident. In the modern era of lower nominal investment returns, inflation inequality (whereby some groups experience persistently higher inflation than others) is a very important consideration. This book sets out the realities of price changes in the modern investing environment, without using economic equations or jargon. It gives investors the framework they need to think about inflation and how to protect themselves against it, whether the aggregate inflation of the future rises or falls from current levels.
Author: D. Neil MacCormick Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1351926446 Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 604
Book Description
This book contains a series of essays discussing the uses of precedent as a source of law and a basis for legal arguments in nine different legal systems, representing a variety of legal traditions. Precedent is fundamental to law, yet theoretical and ideological as well as legal considerations lead to its being differently handled and rationalised in different places. Out of the comparative study come the six theoretical and synoptic essays that conclude the volume.
Author: OECD Publisher: OECD Publishing ISBN: 9264299513 Category : Languages : en Pages : 100
Book Description
Under inflation, national accounts at current as well as at constant prices will be seriously distorted unless special adjustment techniques are applied. By explaining these systematically, this book brings new insights into the measurement of income as well as the calculation of indices.
Author: Stephen Broadberry Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 1139448358 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 363
Book Description
This unique volume offers a definitive new history of European economies at war from 1914 to 1918. It studies how European economies mobilised for war, how existing economic institutions stood up under the strain, how economic development influenced outcomes and how wartime experience influenced post-war economic growth. Leading international experts provide the first systematic comparison of economies at war between 1914 and 1918 based on the best available data for Britain, Germany, France, Russia, the USA, Italy, Turkey, Austria-Hungary and the Netherlands. The editors' overview draws some stark lessons about the role of economic development, the importance of markets and the damage done by nationalism and protectionism. A companion volume to the acclaimed The Economics of World War II, this is a major contribution to our understanding of total war.
Author: David S. Clark Publisher: SAGE ISBN: 076192387X Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 1809
Book Description
Introduction to and survey of the field of law and society. Includes interdisciplinary perspectives on law from sociology, criminology, cultural anthropology, political science, social psychology, and economics.
Author: Mark Anderson Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing ISBN: 1526500612 Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 739
Book Description
Need help with contract clauses, but only got a few minutes? An alphabetical, quick-access guide to all you need to know: The purpose and effect of common clauses, explaining the relevance of each, with illustrative examples. Now covers: The meaning of: 'Breach' 'Substantial' and 'material' in clauses for termination 'Beyond reasonable control' in force majeure cases When a priority of terms clause will operate Whether rules applying to penalties also apply to deposits The legal effectiveness of 'no amendment' or 'no variation' clauses Legal frameworks and how the courts will view such clauses during a dispute New legislation such as the Consumer Rights Act 2015, the General Data Protection Regulations 2016 and the Trade Secrets Directive Also includes: A step-by-step commentary Examples of best practice in different situations Detailed notes on each type of boilerplate clause A summary of relevant law, including statutory definitions and case law Precedents available as electronic downloads
Author: Susan W. Brenner
Author: Susan W. Brenner
Author: Paul Donovan
Author: D. Neil MacCormick
Author: OECD
Author: Nicholas Triffin
Author: Stephen Broadberry
Author: David S. Clark
Author: Robert Green Ingersoll
Author: Robert Green Ingersoll
Author: Mark Anderson