Author: Brenda Molano-Flores
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Goldenseal
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Author: Ezra Houston
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
The forest flora of the eastern U.S. includes a number of species which have long held cultural and economic importance. Two well-known species, goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis) and ramps (Allium tricoccum) are both regarded as non-timber forest products (NTFPs) and harvested from the wild in Pennsylvania (PA) for commercial sale. Conservation concerns surround goldenseal because it is harvested from the wild for medicinal markets and has experienced habitat loss and change due to land conversion and the influence of non-native vegetation. Additionally, the species is uncommon in Pennsylvania--a state within the northeastern edge of the species range. Ramps are more common in Pennsylvania but trending culinary interests surrounding foraged seasonal and farm-to-table foods has driven growth in commercial harvesting from wild populations in recent years. A better understanding of habitat predilections of these plants could help guide in situ and proactive conservation efforts such as forest farming and assisted migration. In this study, GIS-based Maximum entropy (Maxent) modeling and field data collected from wild goldenseal and ramp populations were combined to determine abiotic habitat characteristics and identify site indicators for both species in Pennsylvania. Maxent modeling suggested that average winter temperatures below -5.0oC may exclude goldenseal northern PA and at high elevations elsewhere in the state, highlighting the importance of warmer micro-sites in this part of the species range. Base-rich bedrock types including limestone and diabase were identified as most suitable in models and confirmed by soil test results showing high calcium and pH levels in field plots. The influence of bedrock is complicated by overlapping land use legacy, particularly in the Piedmont and Ridge-and-Valley physiographic provinces. Both modeling and field data identified lower slope positions with wet to mesic soil as most associated with goldenseal. Community analysis identified 159 woody and herbaceous associates, including many indicators of the following supportive rich mesic forest types: "Tuliptree-Beech-Maple," "Red Oak-Mixed hardwood," and "Central Appalachian Rich Cove". Eighteen non-native exotic species were encountered, including 13 so called "invasive" taxa, of which at least one was present in 83% of plots. These results suggest that goldenseal habitat is widespread in the state (and region) and absences may be due to abiotic influences. While a projected warming climate may increase suitable habitat for goldenseal in PA, negative impacts to extant goldenseal populations might be anticipated resulting from competition and habitat modification associated with non-native taxa. Maxent modeling of ramps highlighted lower slope positions, high moisture index, low surface roughness, deep soil, base-rich bedrock, and high silt content as the most important characteristics of suitable habitat. Moist floodplains and north and east facing lower slopes were the most frequent conditions encountered in the field, confirming model results. Soil macronutrients varied substantially but were usually high in calcium and slightly acidic. Forest types included "Central Appalachian Rich Cove," "Sugar maple-Mixed Hardwood Floodplain," "Tuliptree-Beech-Maple," and "Sugar maple-Basswood". A total of 252 species were documented and sites shared 50% of floristic associates on average. Sugar maple (Acer saccharum) was the most important overstory species and was a significant indicator on north facing slopes. Bitternut hickory (Carya cordiformis) ranked fifth in importance but was an indicator on floodplains. Several regional differences in forest type stood out, as represented by indicator species: sugar maple and black cherry (Prunus serotina) were top indicators in northern PA, while tulip-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) and American beech (Fagus grandifolia) were significant in the south. Non-native multiflora rose (Rosa multiflora), and Japanese barberry (Berberis thunbergii) were found to be more common than native shrubs and provided little indicator value to this stratum due to their broad habitat requirements. Blue cohosh (Caulophyllum thalictroides), and yellow trout lily (Erythronium americanum) were the most common understory associates, further pointing to ramps preference for moist, base rich sites.

Author: James L. Chamberlain
Publisher: Forest Service
ISBN: 9780160945885
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 280

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Book Description
Nontimber forest products (NTFPs) are fundamental to the functioning of healthy forests and play vital roles in the cultures and economies of the people of the United States. However, these plants and fungi used for food, medicine, and other purposes have not been fully incorporated into management, policy, and resource valuation. This report is a forest-sectorwide assessment of the state of the knowledge regarding NTFPs science and management information for U.S. forests and rangelands (and hereafter referred to as the NTFP assessment). The NTFP assessment serves as a baseline science synthesis and provides information for managing nontimber forest resources in the United States. In addition, this NTFP assessment provides information for national-level reporting on natural capital and the ecosystem services NTFPs provide. The report also provides technical input to the 2017 National Climate Assessment (NCA) under development by the U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP).

Author: Frank Gilliam
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199837651
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 689

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Book Description
The most comprehensive existing volume of multidisciplinary research by top ecologists on the herbaceous layer of forests.

Author: David R. Katerere
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1351981781
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 266

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Book Description
While there is talk of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, old and new challenges bedevil the world – climate change, nutrition, and health poverty being at the top of the list. In seeking solutions to these and other problems which afflict the modern era, it is worthwhile to look into our collective past, to the traditions and knowledges of our ancestors. Such knowledge continues to exist in many parts of the world, though now marginalized by homogenous, Eurocentric ontolology and epistemology. This book presents a compilation of reviews, case studies, and primary research attempting to locate the utility of traditional and Indigenous Knowledges in an increasingly complex world. It assembles chapter authors from across the world to tackle topics ranging from traditional knowledge-based innovations and commercialization, traditional medicine systems as practiced around the world, ethnoveterinary practices, and food innovation to traditional governance and leadership systems, among others. This book is an important resource for policymakers; scholars and researchers of cultural studies, leadership, governance, ethnobotany, anthropology, plant genetic resources and technology innovation; and readers interested in the history of knowledge and culture, as well as cultural activists and political scientists. Features: Unique combination of social science and anthropological aspects with natural science perspectives Includes summaries aimed at policymakers to immediately see what would be relevant to their work Combines case studies illuminating important lessons learned with reviews and primary data Multidisciplinary in the scope of the topics tackled and assemblage of contributors Global footprint with contributions from Africa, Europe, North America, Asia, and the West Indies David R. Katerere, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa Wendy Applequist, William L. Brown Center, Missouri Botanical Garden, St Louis, Missouri Oluwaseyi M. Aboyade, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa and Nutritica SA, The Innovation Hub, Pretoria, South Africa Chamunorwa Togo, The Innovation Hub, Pretoria, South Africa

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Conservation of natural resources
Languages : en
Pages : 412

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Book Description

Author: Susan G. Wynn
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 0323029981
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 736

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Book Description
This full-color reference offers practical, evidence-based guidance on using more than 120 medicinal plants, including how to formulate herbal remedies to treat common disease conditions. A body-systems based review explores herbal medicine in context, offering information on toxicology, drug interactions, quality control, and other key topics. More than 120 herbal monographs provide quick access to information on the historical use of the herb in humans and animals, supporting studies, and dosing information. Includes special dosing, pharmacokinetics, and regulatory considerations when using herbs for horses and farm animals. Expanded pharmacology and toxicology chapters provide thorough information on the chemical basis of herbal medicine. Explores the evolutionary relationship between plants and mammals, which is the basis for understanding the unique physiologic effects of herbs. Includes a body systems review of herbal remedies for common disease conditions in both large and small animals. Discusses special considerations for the scientific research of herbs, including complex and individualized interventions that may require special design and nontraditional outcome goals.

Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9789241545372
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 392

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Book Description
This is the second volume in a series of monographs which are intended to promote information exchange and international harmonised standards for the quality control and use of herbal medicines. It contains scientific information on 30 selected plants, and each entry includes a pharmacopoeial summary for quality assurance purposes, information on its clinical application and sections on contraindications, pharmacology, safety issues, and dosage forms. It provides two cumulative indexes with entries in alphabetical order by plant name and according to the plant material of interest.

Author: Aviva Romm
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 0702065137
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 720

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Book Description
Use herbal medicines to treat women at any stage of life! Botanical Medicine for Women’s Health, 2nd Edition provides an evidence-based, patient-centered approach to botanical interventions for many different medical conditions. More than 150 natural products are covered, showing their benefits in gynecologic health, fertility and childbearing, and menopausal health. This edition includes new full-color photos of herbal plants along with a discussion of the role of botanicals in healthy aging. Written by Aviva Romm, an experienced herbalist, midwife, and physician, this unique guide is an essential resource for everyday practice of herbal medicine. Winner of the 2010 American Botanical Council's James A. Duke Excellence in Botanical Literature Award! Current, evidence-based information covers more than 150 botanicals for over 35 different conditions. Case studies provide realistic scenarios and help you apply the content to the real world. Treatment and formula boxes summarize the most important information. Color illustrations and photographs of plants enable you to identify herbs visually as well as by substance make-up. Logical chapter organization begins with the principles of herbal medicine and then covers women’s health conditions organized chronologically by lifecycle, from teen and reproductive years to midlife and mature years. Appendices include practical, at-a-glance information on common botanical names, chemical constituents of medicinal plants, and a summary table of herbs for women's health. NEW! Updates reflect the latest research and the most current information. NEW Full-color design and detailed, professional color photos of plants make this a unique, essential resource. NEW! Coverage of the role of botanicals in healthy aging for women features phytoestrogens, Ayurvedic/Chinese herbs, and discussions of health promotion.

Author: Julian Alfred Steyermark
Publisher: Missouri Botanical Garden Press
ISBN:
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 1016

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Book Description
"The Flora of Missouri project, directed by Garden Curator, Dr. George Yatskievych, is an ongoing effort to update and compile information on the state's flora. It began in 1987 as a joint effort of the Missouri Botanical Garden and the Missouri Department of Conservation. One of its main goals is a three-volume revision of former Missouri Botanical Garden curator Julian A. Steyermark's 'Flora of Missouri', first published in 1963. Missouri's ever changing plant diversity, the shifting distributions of its plant species, and the many new records of plants in the state have necessitated an expansion of Steyermark's original publication into three volumes."--