Policy and R&D Trends for Quantum Technology in the Leading Countries of the Asia and Pacific Regions PDF Download

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9784888908610
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

View

Book Description

Author: Sanjeev Kumar
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1000897885
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 244

View

Book Description
China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is completing a decade. There have been varied responses to the Initiative from countries and regions besides the emergence of alternative initiatives and narratives. This sets the stage for evaluating the robustness of the Initiative, its implementation as well as its implications from the perspective of individual countries and regions across the globe. This book begins by examining China’s domestic, economic, maritime and strategic interests as drivers for the Initiative. BRI has been analysed in country-specific, regional and continental contexts. It brings out the experiences and responses from South Asia, Eurasia, East Asia, Southeast Asia, the Arab world, Latin America, the Caribbean as well as from Europe and Africa. Further, BRI has been studied in the larger context of the US-China competition. The final section explores BRI in the context of the twin challenges of recent times, i.e., the pandemic and Russia-Ukraine conflict. The book concludes with an epilogue which outlines the broad trends related to BRI that have emerged from this study of ICWA.

Author: Mauritz Kop
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

View

Book Description
1 sentence synopsis: The world needs articulated quantum-innovation policy mechanisms (tailored to the unique physics of the very small).The adoption of applied quantum technologies by the markets raises cross-disciplinary questions about balancing their disruptive societal effects. It raises questions on how our innovation architecture should be constructed, so that benefits will be distributed equally and risks proportionally addressed. Responding to these challenges we find that policy makers should treat quantum as something unique and unprecedented, but should also learn from history. In this light, we examine the need for an innovation mechanism tailored to the counterintuitive physical characteristics of quantum technology, particularly in the quantum computing, quantum sensing and quantum communication domains, which includes quantum-AI hybrids. Besides that, we find that it is useful to draw parallels between regulating neighboring fields, for many reasons.From a cross-disciplinary lens, we connect quantum technology to fair competition and intellectual property, including patents and trade secrets. Ideally, IP and antitrust law should work together in concert to prevent quantum from exacerbating actual inequalities. This may require reform of both doctrines and clarification of their interface. We consider pro-quantum antitrust enforcement, waiving and pledging IP - including issuing compulsory licenses -, democratizing essential technology and analyze quantum-startups' value appropriation strategies. Some of the best startups in the development of quantum computers, sensors and communications systems have strongly relied on IP protection -including trade secrets about hardware and software- to raise funding from private investors. Yet we wonder whether key concepts and appliances in quantum that are currently enclosed, should be democratized to address tensions between equal access & winner-takes-all effects, and conflicts between openness & control. We recommend building upon pluralistic innovation mechanisms tailored to adjacent fields such as AI, biotechnology, nanotechnology, semiconductors and nuclear, each characterized by a long investment and R&D phase coupled with uncertain outcomes and rewards, and a Pandora's Box of probabilities and unknown risks. Given the political reality of a world divided in two tech blocks with incompatible ideologies, standards and values, plus the multiplied societal benefits and safety & security threats, vulnerabilities and risks associated with dual use quantum technology, we suggest that countries should be able to treat quantum applications similar to fissionable materials. In this spirit, we propose to integrate bespoke IP regimes into national security law. We conclude that we can effectively integrate quantum-specific IP regimes into national security policy by adding a new security exception to article 73 (b) (iv) TRIPS. This will give countries the [strategic] option to exclude quantum technologies from IP protection and suspend the enforcement of patent and trade secret rights, similar to fissionable materials. One fundamental question is whether we want technological information disseminated widely or want it hidden. The theory behind art. 73 (b) (i) TRIPS was to prevent disclosure and dissemination of knowledge by suspending IP on fissionable materials, whereas the rationale of art. 73 (b) (iii) is to encourage disclosure and dissemination of knowledge by suspending IP, for instance on vaccines. Therefore, the article 73 national security exception regime can [in theory] be invoked in the service of both goals: widely disclosing crucial information, and keeping it secret. As a main rule, the interests of owners of IP rights must be balanced against competing public interests such as national security, fundamental freedoms, privacy and equality rights.A novel article 73 (b) (iv) TRIPS exception will give countries like the US, China and The Netherlands the opportunity to integrate handcrafted IP regimes for quantum technology into their national security policy. These measures can be seen as a risk-based restriction - in the public interest - of IP incentivized innovation.In practice however, it may be harder to exclude state of the art quantum materials from IP protection as compared to fissionable materials as in that case most of the breakthroughs came directly from National Labs that are funded in a different way, often by governments spending public money. On the other hand, it might be easier to block disclosure and dissemination of future game changing discoveries since the Trump administration set up the US funding through the National Labs. Therefore, we may have a repeat play with basic science innovations emerging in secrecy rather than in the private sector.With that, we can distinguish cycles of disclosed and secret development of transformative technologies, with history repeating itself under the influence of global power shifts. Stated differently, we are witnessing historic recurrence of cycles of open en closed innovation. Similarly, IP history shows a pendulum swing between stages of under protection and overprotection. This means that for applied quantum technologies we are heading towards a scenario of overly stretched IP rights (overprotection) in combination with progress made in secrecy (undisclosed information), which both interfere with the innovation process. The above illustrates the importance of employing alternative incentive and reward systems to advance innovation within the quantum domain. Beyond IP, policy makers have an array of options to incentivize creative and technological progress, such as state funding, direct spending, competitions, subsidies, prizes, fines, labor mobility law, tax law, education, immigration policy, and attracting talent. To manage our own inventions, rules need to evolve with technology. Lacking an innovation theory of everything, we attempt to formulate the correct questions on openness -including the rewards of open research and innovation- versus developer and user controls, before giving definitive, all compassing answers. We end with an urgent call for further multidisciplinary qualitative and empirical research on the issues raised.

Author: The International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS)
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1000785939
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 304

View

Book Description
The Asia-Pacific Regional Security Assessment examines key regional security issues relevant to the policy-focused discussions of the IISS Shangri-La Dialogue, Asia’s premier defence summit convened by the International Institute for Strategic Studies. It is published each year in association with the Dialogue and the issues analysed within its covers are central to discussions at the event. Among the topics explored are: US Indo-Pacific strategy, alliances and security partnerships; Chinese perspectives on regional security; Taiwan’s security and the possibility of conflict; the continuing challenges posed by North Korea’s nuclear and missile programmes; the nuclear dynamics of Sino-American security relations; air and naval operations in the Asia-Pacific; Sino-American technology competition; Japan’s competition and cooperation with China; India’s role in the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (Quad); the evolving regional security engagement of European states and the European Union; China’s role as an upstream state in the Mekong sub-region; and the climate crisis and Asia-Pacific security. As this volume goes to press, the war in Ukraine overshadows the international security landscape and many chapters in this volume touch on the conflict’s ramifications for security in the Asia-Pacific. Authors include leading regional analysts and academics at the forefront of research and analysis: Aidan Foster-Carter, James Crabtree, Peter A. Dutton, Brian Eyler, Michael Green, Sheryn Lee, Jeffrey G. Lewis, Tanvi Madan, Jeffrey Mazo, Ben Schreer, Yun Sun, Nicholas Szechenyi, Brendan Taylor, Ashley Townshend and Paul Triolo.

Author: Chopin Soo
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 981447956X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 271

View

Book Description
The goals of the 1st Asia-Pacific Conference on Quantum Information Science, which are embodied in this volume, were to promote and strengthen the interactions and exchange of knowledge among researchers of the Asia-Pacific region in the rapidly advancing field of quantum information science. The volume contains many leading researchers' latest experimental and theoretical findings, which together constitute a valuable contribution to this fascinating area.

Author: The International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS)
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1000474496
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 299

View

Book Description
The Asia-Pacific Regional Security Assessment 2021 provides insight into key regional strategic, geopolitical, economic, military and security topics. Among the topics explored are: US−China decoupling and its regional security implications; Japan’s security policy and China; India’s emerging grand strategy; Southeast Asia amid rising great-power rivalry; Australia’s new regional security posture; NATO’s evolving approach to China; The United Kingdom’s ‘tilt’ to the Indo-Pacific; and Emerging technologies and future conflict in the Asia-Pacific. Authors include leading regional analysts and academics Kanti Bajpai, Gordon Flake, Franz-Stefan Gady, Prashanth Parameswaran, Alessio Patalano, Samir Puri, Sarah Raine, Tan See Seng, Drew Thompson, Ashley Townshend, Joanne Wallis and Robert Ward.

Author: The International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS)
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1000209849
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 220

View

Book Description
The Asia-Pacific Regional Security Assessment provides insight into key regional strategic, geopolitical, economic, military and security topics. Among the topics explored are: the deteriorating USChina relationship and great-power competition; US alliances and security partnerships; the collapse of the Intermediate-range Nuclear Forces Treaty; diplomatic gridlock on the Korean Peninsula; Japan’s role in Indo-Pacific security; the breakdown in Japan–South Korea relations; Indonesian policy towards the South China Sea; Australia’s defence and security outlook; the European security role in Asia. Authors include leading regional analysts and academics Douglas Barrie, William Choong, Aaron Connelly, Andrew Davies, Michael Elleman, Bonnie S. Glaser, Euan Graham, Christopher W. Hughes, Meia Nouwens, Brendan Taylor and William Tow.

Author: David Kuo Chuen Lee
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 981124801X
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 273

View

Book Description
This book is the second part of Applications and Trends in Fintech, which serves as a comprehensive guide to the advanced topics in fintech, including the deep learning and natural language processing algorithms, blockchain design thinking, token economics, cybersecurity, cloud computing and quantum computing, compliance and risk management, and global fintech trends. Readers will gain knowledge about the applications of fintech in finance and its latest developments as well as trends.This fifth volume covers global fintech trends and emerging technologies such as cloud computing and quantum computing, as well as the compliance and risk management frameworks for fintech companies. Together with the first part in applications and trends (fourth volume), these two books will deepen readers' understanding of the fintech fundamentals covered in previous volumes through various applications and analysis of impacts and trends.Bundle set: Global Fintech Institute-Chartered Fintech Professional Set I

Author: Purnendu Mandal
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9789812875846
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 0

View

Book Description
This book emphasizes the need for new directions and approaches for social and economic development in the emerging nations of the Asia-Pacific region through the use of Smart Technologies. It takes a holistic view of socio-economic and technical developments taking place through ASEAN and South Asia. Compared to practices in the 20th century, the use of Smart Technologies is likely to have a faster and greater impact on emerging nations (Smart Nations). Smart Technologies for Smart Nations: Perspectives from the Asia-Pacific Region is core reading for academics, professionals, and policymakers interested in technological developments in ASEAN and South Asia.

Author: Edward Parker (Teddy)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

View

Book Description
Quantum technology is still at an early stage of maturity, but it could eventually have major impacts on both economic prosperity and national security. Many U.S. allied and partner nations have strong technical capacity in quantum research and development, and effective collaboration will be critical for keeping the United States and its allies and partners competitive with other nations that are also investing significant resources into this area. This Perspective gives a broad and mostly nontechnical overview of the current quantum technology landscape and the strategic importance of (and challenges of) research collaboration with allied and partner nations. It includes a discussion of five key policy areas in this space-talent flows, standard-setting, supply chains, export controls, and technology approach diversification-and concludes with a proposal for a desired strategic end state that may serve as a helpful unifying framework for policy decisions on this topic. The primary audience for this Perspective is policymakers throughout the U.S. government who are working on quantum technology issues, but the material may also be of interest to officials in allied and partner nations, scientific researchers, or industry workers with stakes in U.S. policy decisions in this area.