Author: V.M. WolpertPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Poland's hard coal industry - past and future prospects
Author: V.M. WolpertPoland's Hard Coal Industry
Author: Marian RadetzkiPoland
Author: John StrongmanPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Poland has by far the highest hard coal production of any country in the European Union and hard coal will continue to play a crucial role regarding energy security for Poland. Most importantly, hard coal can reduce both the price and supply risks for Poland associated with oil and gas imports. Poland has a number of low cost mines with good quality coal where production can be expanded so that it is feasible for coal to meet domestic demand without requiring operating support from the state budget and if the remaining restructuring of the coal mining sector is completed successfully, the sector can again become an important driver for economic development of Silesia rather than a liability. While heavy industries such as hard coal and steel will remain core industries for Silesia, they are unlikely to be sources of increased employment in future. The growth sectors for Silesia are to be found in higher technology (including coal-based technologies) and service industries. The next few years, while EU funds are available, offer Silesia a window of opportunity to develop these new sectors. It is, therefore, important that the coal industry release its surplus employees and land so that Silesia can diversify into new industries and take full advantage of EU funds while at the same time having a healthy and profitable coal industry.
Trends of the Adjustment Process in the Polish Hard Coal Mining Industry
Author: Andrzej KarbownikPolish Coal and European Energy Market Integration
Author: Marian RadetzkiPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 152
Book Description
The Impact of Mining on the Landscape
Author: Renata DuliasPublisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319295411
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 213
Book Description
This book investigates the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (USCB), one of the oldest and largest mining areas not only in Poland but also in Europe. Using uniform research methods for the whole study area, it also provides a summary of the landscape transformations. Intensive extraction of hard coal, zinc and lead ores, stowing sands and rock resources have caused such extensive transformations of landscape that it can be considered a model anthropogenic relief. The book has three main focuses: 1) Identifying anthropogenic forms of relief related to mining activity and presenting them from a spatial, genetic and age perspective; 2) Determining the changes in the morphometric characteristics of relief and the conditions for matter circulation in open systems (drainage basins) and closed systems (land-locked basins) caused by the extraction of mineral resources; and 3) Estimating the extent of anthropogenic denudation using two different methods based on raw-material output and morphometric analysis. In Poland, no other mining area has undergone such intensive mining activity as the Upper Silesian Coal Basin during the last half century. Its share in the total extraction of mineral resources was as high as 32%. The total extraction of hard coal in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin from the mid-18th century until 2009 was the sixth largest in the world, and the permanent, regional effects of mining anthropopressure on the relief are among the most severe in the world. The anthropogenic denudation rate in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin, as well as the Ruhr Coal Basin (Ruhr District) and the Ostrava-Karvina Coal Basin, ranges from several dozen up to several hundred times higher than the rate of natural denudation, irrespective of the calculation method used. It would take the natural denudation processes tens of thousands of years to remove the same amount of material from the substratum as that removed through human mining activity.
Restructuring Process of Polish Hard Coal Mining
Author: Zygmunt SmolecCoal Mining in Poland
Author: Great Britain. National Coal Board. Technical Mission to PolandPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 62
Book Description
Books Are Weapons
Author: Siobahn DoucettePublisher: University of Pittsburgh Press
ISBN: 0822983192
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 338
Book Description
Much attention has been given to the role of intellectual dissidents, labor, and religion in the historic overthrow of communism in Poland during the 1980s. Books Are Weapons presents the first English-language study of that which connected them—the press. Siobhan Doucette provides a comprehensive examination of the Polish opposition’s independent, often underground, press and its crucial role in the events leading to the historic Round Table and popular elections of 1989. While other studies have emphasized the role that the Solidarity movement played in bringing about civil society in 1980-1981, Doucette instead argues that the independent press was the essential binding element in the establishment of a true civil society during the mid- to late 1980s. Based on a thorough investigation of underground publications and interviews with important activists of the period from 1976 to 1989, Doucette shows how the independent press, rooted in the long Polish tradition of well-organized resistance to foreign occupation, reshaped this tradition to embrace nonviolent civil resistance while creating a network that evolved from a small group of dissidents into a broad opposition movement with cross-national ties and millions of sympathizers. It was the galvanizing force in the resistance to communism and the rebuilding of Poland’s democratic society.
Lessons Learned from the Restructuring of Poland's Coal-Mining Industry
Author: Wojciech SuwalaPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
As economies transition from centrally planned to market systems, they often undergo the same processes as do developing countries. Previously inefficient industries, like coal mining, usually shrink in size. Such industries are generally not able to restructure on their own because of the large costs involved, or because of resistance from organized labour unions to the reduction in employment. Polish coal mining is a typical example. Soon after the economic transition began in 1989, demand for coal declined but controls on coal prices remained in place. Over-employment combined with high production costs proved to be untenable for the coal mines. Early government efforts did not improve matters. Only a program endorsed by the Solidarity trade union, and backed by substantial public funds for closing mines and providing social benefits, was at least a partial success. Today, coal companies have nearly achieved long-term viability and the process of privatization has commenced.