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Author: Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0128134585 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 398
Book Description
Plastid Genome Evolution, Volume 85 provides a summary of recent research on plastid genome variation and evolution across photosynthetic organisms. It covers topics ranging from the causes and consequences of genomic changes, to the phylogenetic utility of plastomes for resolving relationships across the photosynthetic tree of life. This newly released volume presents thorough, up-to-date information on coevolution between the plastid and nuclear genomes, with chapters on plastid autonomy vs. nuclear control over plastid function, establishment and genetic integration of plastids, plastid genomes in alveolate protists, plastid genomes of glaucophytes, the evolution of the plastid genome in chlorophyte and streptophyte green algae, and more. Provides comprehensive coverage of plastid genome variation by leading researchers in the field Presents a broad range of taxonomic groups, ranging from single and multicellular algae, to the major clades of land plants Includes thorough, up-to-date information on coevolution between the plastid and nuclear genomes
Author: Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0128134585 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 398
Book Description
Plastid Genome Evolution, Volume 85 provides a summary of recent research on plastid genome variation and evolution across photosynthetic organisms. It covers topics ranging from the causes and consequences of genomic changes, to the phylogenetic utility of plastomes for resolving relationships across the photosynthetic tree of life. This newly released volume presents thorough, up-to-date information on coevolution between the plastid and nuclear genomes, with chapters on plastid autonomy vs. nuclear control over plastid function, establishment and genetic integration of plastids, plastid genomes in alveolate protists, plastid genomes of glaucophytes, the evolution of the plastid genome in chlorophyte and streptophyte green algae, and more. Provides comprehensive coverage of plastid genome variation by leading researchers in the field Presents a broad range of taxonomic groups, ranging from single and multicellular algae, to the major clades of land plants Includes thorough, up-to-date information on coevolution between the plastid and nuclear genomes
Author: Anna Stina Sandelius Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3540686967 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 307
Book Description
Chloroplasts are vital for life as we know it. At the leaf cell level, it is common knowledge that a chloroplast interacts with its surroundings – but this knowledge is often limited to the benefits of oxygenic photosynthesis and that chloroplasts provide reduced carbon, nitrogen and sulphur. This book presents the intricate interplay between chloroplasts and their immediate and more distant environments. The topic is explored in chapters covering aspects of evolution, the chloroplast/cytoplasm barrier, transport, division, motility and bidirectional signalling. Taken together, the contributed chapters provide an exciting insight into the complexity of how chloroplast functions are related to cellular and plant-level functions. The recent rapid advances in the presented research areas, largely made possible by the development of molecular techniques and genetic screens of an increasing number of plant model systems, make this interaction a topical issue.
Author: Bikash Shrestha Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 416
Book Description
Plastid genomes (plastomes) of photosynthetic angiosperms are for the most part highly conserved in their organization, mode of inheritance and rates of nucleotide substitution. A small number of distantly related lineages including Passiflora share a syndrome of features that deviate from this general pattern, including extensive genomic rearrangements, accelerated rates of nucleotide substitution, biparental inheritance and plastome-genome incompatibility. Plastome evolution studies in Passiflora are limited in taxon sampling; hence the phylogenetic extent of the rearrangements is unknown. To gain better understanding in plastome evolution in Passiflora, plastomes from 31 taxa and transcriptomes from 6 species were sequenced and assembled. In addition, interspecific crosses within two largest subgenera, Passiflora and Decaloba, were greatly expanded to understand mode of plastid inheritance in the genus. Phylogenomic analyses with 68 protein-coding genes generated a fully resolved, strongly supported tree that is congruent with the comprehensive phylogenies based on a few plastid and nuclear loci. Extensive rearrangements were detected including several gene/intron losses, inverted repeat expansion/contraction and inversions, some of which occurred in parallel. Nucleotide substitution rate analyses of 68 protein-coding genes across the genus showed lineage- and locus-specific acceleration. Comparative transcriptome analyses identified missing or divergent plastid genes in Passiflora that have followed three distinct evolutionary paths: transfer to the nucleus, substitution by the nuclear genes and highly divergent gene that likely remain functional. Plastid-encoded rps7 was transferred into the intron of a nuclear-encoded plastid-targeted thioredoxin m-type gene, acquiring its plastid transit peptide. Plastid rpl20 likely experienced a novel substitution by a duplicated, nuclear-encoded mitochondrial-targeted rpl20 that has a similar gene structure. Interspecific hybrids in Passiflora exhibit diverse modes of plastid inheritance including a clade-specific paternal or maternal pattern along with frequent transmission of biparental plastids. Furthermore, heteroplasmy due to biparental inheritance was restricted to early developmental stage in hybrids and plastid types from either parent were excluded in older plants resulting plastid homogeneity. These results of unusual plastome dynamics and inheritance identified in Passiflora presents the genus as an exciting system to study plastome evolution in angiosperms
Author: Ralph Bock Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3540753761 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 535
Book Description
The present book provides a comprehensive overview of our current knowledge on plastid biogenesis, plastid-nuclear communication, and the regulation of plastid gene expression at all levels. It also assesses the state-of-the-art in key technologies, such as proteomics and chloroplast transformation. Written by recognized experts in the field, the book further covers crucial post-translational processes in plastid biogenesis and function, including protein processing.
Author: Charles E. Bullerwell Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 364222380X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 481
Book Description
Mitochondria and chloroplasts are eukaryotic organelles that evolved from bacterial ancestors and harbor their own genomes. The gene products of these genomes work in concert with those of the nuclear genome to ensure proper organelle metabolism and biogenesis. This book explores the forces that have shaped the evolution of organelle genomes and the expression of the genes encoded by them. Some striking examples of trends in organelle evolution explored here are the reduction in genome size and gene coding content observed in most lineages, the complete loss of organelle DNA in certain lineages, and the unusual modes of gene expression that have emerged, such as the extensive and essential mRNA editing that occurs in plant mitochondria and chloroplasts. This book places particular emphasis on the current techniques used to study the evolution of organelle genomes and gene expression.
Author: Pal Maliga Publisher: Humana ISBN: 9781627039949 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
In Chloroplast Biotechnology: Methods and Protocols, expert researchers in the field detail many of the methods which are now commonly used in chloroplast molecular biology. Chapters focus on essential background information, applications in tobacco and protocols for plastid transformation in crops and Chlamydomonas and Bryophytes. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols and key tips on troubleshooting and avoidance of known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Chloroplast Biotechnology: Methods and Protocols seek to aid scientists who study chloroplast molecular biology as well as those interested in applications in agriculture, industrial biotechnology and healthcare.
Author: Laurence Marechal-Drouard Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0123942799 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 486
Book Description
Advances in Botanical Research publishes in-depth and up-to-date reviews on a wide range of topics in plant sciences. Features a wide range of reviews by recognized experts on all aspects of plant genetics, biochemistry, cell biology, molecular biology, physiology and ecology. This thematic volume features reviews on Mitochondrial genome evolution. Publishes in-depth and up-to-date reviews on a wide range of topics in plant sciences Features a wide range of reviews by recognized experts on all aspects of plant genetics, biochemistry, cell biology, molecular biology, physiology and ecology This thematic volume features reviews on mitochondrial genome evolution
Author: Susumu Ohtsuka Publisher: Springer ISBN: 4431551301 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 637
Book Description
This comprehensive book provides a unique overview of advances in the biology and ecology of marine protists. Nowadays marine protistology is a hot spot in science to disclose life phenomena using the latest techniques. Although many protistological textbooks deal with the cytology, genetics, ecology, and pathology of specific organisms, none keeps up with the quick pace of new discoveries on the diversity and dynamics of marine protists in general. The bookMarine Protists: Diversity and Dynamics gives an overview of current research on the phylogeny, cytology, genomics, biology, ecology, fisheries, applied sciences, geology and pathology of marine free-living and symbiotic protists. Poorly known but ecologically important protists such as labyrinthulids and apostome ciliates are also presented in detail. Special attention is paid to complex interactions between marine protists and other organisms including human beings. An understanding of the ecological roles of marine protists is essential for conservation of nature and human welfare. This book will be of great interest not only to scientists and students but also to a larger audience, to give a better understanding of protists’ diverse roles in marine ecosystems.
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Author: Anna Stina Sandelius
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Author: Bikash Shrestha
Author: Ralph Bock
Author: Charles E. Bullerwell
Author: Pal Maliga
Author: Laurence Marechal-Drouard
Author: Mary Margaret Guisinger
Author: Susumu Ohtsuka