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Author: Edward P. Szuszczewicz Publisher: ISBN: Category : F region Languages : en Pages : 28
Book Description
Accumulating information regarding the equatorial F-region ionosphere has proven it to be a particularly important domain for the communications and ionospheric sciences as well as investigation of fundamental plasma processes that have counterparts in atmospheric releases and controlled laboratory experiments. This wide range of interest has in recent years brought considerable intensity into equatorial investigations with major technical, scientific, and engineering advances contributing to our current understanding and future plans for adaptive communication system design and ionospheric modification and control. Rapid advances require occasional synthesis in order to draw proper perspectives and establish an improved definition of near-term and longer range plans. This document bears that objective, particularly as it relates to radar, rocket, and satellite studies of the turbulent ionospheric plasma state, the theoretical and computational descriptions, and chemical releases for controlled ionospheric modifications. Emphasis is placed on important relationships involving spread F, naturally-occurring ionospheric bite-outs, and artificial ionospheric holes. Current understanding is reviewed, deficiencies identified, and future programs involving the Naval Research Laboratory are discussed.
Author: Edward P. Szuszczewicz Publisher: ISBN: Category : F region Languages : en Pages : 28
Book Description
Accumulating information regarding the equatorial F-region ionosphere has proven it to be a particularly important domain for the communications and ionospheric sciences as well as investigation of fundamental plasma processes that have counterparts in atmospheric releases and controlled laboratory experiments. This wide range of interest has in recent years brought considerable intensity into equatorial investigations with major technical, scientific, and engineering advances contributing to our current understanding and future plans for adaptive communication system design and ionospheric modification and control. Rapid advances require occasional synthesis in order to draw proper perspectives and establish an improved definition of near-term and longer range plans. This document bears that objective, particularly as it relates to radar, rocket, and satellite studies of the turbulent ionospheric plasma state, the theoretical and computational descriptions, and chemical releases for controlled ionospheric modifications. Emphasis is placed on important relationships involving spread F, naturally-occurring ionospheric bite-outs, and artificial ionospheric holes. Current understanding is reviewed, deficiencies identified, and future programs involving the Naval Research Laboratory are discussed.
Author: Henrique Carlotto Aveiro Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 284
Book Description
This dissertation describes a theoretical, experimental, and modeling investigation of the plasma irregularities in equatorial spread F (ESF). The primary scientific objective is to evaluate the electrodynamic nature of equatorial F region plasma instabilities. In particular, the difference between two-dimensional and three-dimensional electrodynamic effects on the onset and evolution of equatorial instabilities is investigated. Statistical studies are performed using the Jicamarca Unattended Long Term Investigations of the Ionosphere and Atmosphere (JULIA) radar at Jicamarca. The climatology, persistence, and the correlation with the phase of the moon of equatorial spread F irregularities are evaluated, and different forecasting tools are compared. A three dimensional electrostatic numerical model of the equatorial ionosphere using a finite volume method transport scheme is described. The model incorporates realistic ionospheric conductivities, electric fields, and winds. The model is capable of reproducing the full complement of relevant equatorial F region ionospheric plasma instabilities under realistic conditions, including bottomside shear flow. Of chief importance is the so-called "collisional shear instability" which has come to light recently as a potentially important mechanism in the initiation of ESF. This instability has a faster growth rate than the conventional generalized Rayleigh Taylor (gRT) instability under typical post-sunset conditions. The combination of gRT and CSI produces an instability which develops into an intense ESF event more quickly and with more realistic characteristics than the other two independently in simulations. The model is initialized with data acquired by the C/NOFS satellite, the Jicamarca Radio Observatory, ALTAIR radar, and other ground-based instruments. The forecast potential of the simulation is evaluated through a number of "after the fact" case studies. Various diagnostic codes are used to validate the simulations. To compute the magnetic induction due to ionospheric currents, for example, we solve the partial differencial equation resulting from the Ampère's law for magnetostatics. Airglow emissions corresponding to the sime ulation runs are likewise computed for the 6300-Å (or oxygen red) line. Simulated airglow images are obtained through the integration of the volume emission rates along the camera line of sight. Coherent/incoherent scatter simulations corresponding to the model runs show the typical three stages of ESF evolution, from bottom-type to bottomside to topside ESF. Some of the features that the simulated electron density maps share with ALTAIR scans include westward tilted ascending depletions connected to the bottomside, periodic spacing of 100-200 km in the zonal direction, bifurcation, secondary instabilities growing on the western walls of the primaries, and rates of development. The main goal of these studies has been both to verify the efficacy of the simulation code and its forecast potential while also placing these common but ambiguous diagnostic methods in a formal theoretical/modeling context for the first time.
Author: Wolfgang Baumjohann Publisher: World Scientific ISBN: 1911298704 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 393
Book Description
This book builds on the fluid and kinetic theory of equilibria and waves presented in a companion textbook, Basic Space Plasma Physics (by the same authors), but can also serve as a stand-alone text. It extends the field covered there into the domain of plasma instability and nonlinear theory.The book provides a representative selection of the many possible macro- and microinstabilities in a space plasma, from the Rayleigh-Taylor and Kelvin-Helmholtz to electrostatic and electromagnetic kinetic instabilities. Their quasilinear stabilization and nonlinear evolution and their application to space physics problems are treated. The chapters on nonlinear theory include nonlinear waves, weak turbulence and strong turbulence, all presented from the viewpoint of their relevance to space plasma physics. Special topics include auroral particle acceleration, soliton formation and caviton collapse, anomalous transport, and the theory of collisionless shocks.
Author: Michael Kelly Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0323148050 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 500
Book Description
The Earth's Ionosphere: Plasma Physics and Electrodynamics emphasizes the study of plasma physics and electrodynamics of the ionosphere, including many aeronomical influences. The ionosphere is somewhat of a battleground between the earth's neutral atmosphere and the sun's fully ionized atmosphere, in which the earth is embedded. One of the challenges of ionosphere research is to know enough about these two vast fields of research to make sense out of ionospheric phenomena. This book provides insights into how these competing sources of mass, momentum, and energy compete for control of the ionosphere. Some of the topics discussed include the fundamentals of ionospheric plasma dynamics; equatorial plasma instabilities; high-latitude electrodynamics; and instabilities and structure in the high-latitude ionosphere. Throughout this text only the region above 90 km are discussed, ignoring the D region entirely. This publication is a good source of information for students and individuals conducting research on earth's ionosphere.
Author: Chao Huang Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1119507553 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 47
Book Description
A comprehensive review of global ionospheric research from the polar caps to equatorial regions It's more than a century since scientists first identified the ionosphere, the layer of the Earth’s upper atmosphere that is ionized by solar and cosmic radiation. Our understanding of this dynamic part of the near-Earth space environment has greatly advanced in recent years thanks to new observational technologies, improved numerical models, and powerful computing capabilities. Ionosphere Dynamics and Applications provides a comprehensive overview of historic developments, recent advances, and future directions in ionospheric research. Volume highlights include: Behavior of the ionosphere in different regions from the poles to the equator Distinct characteristics of the high-, mid-, and low-latitude ionosphere Observational results from ground- and space-based instruments Ionospheric impacts on radio signals and satellite operations How earthquakes and tsunamis on Earth cause disturbances in the ionosphere The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals. Find out more about the Space Physics and Aeronomy collection in this Q&A with the Editors in Chief
Author: Siddhant Sudesh Rao Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
A study of plasma instabilities in the F-region of the equatorial ionosphere termed equatorial spread F (ESF) is undertaken considering data from recent experiments. ALTAIR radar scans from WINDY (2017) and Too WINDY (2019) and sounding rocket data from Too WINDY are analysed in an attempt to identify characteristic ionospheric conditions during the onset of ESF. A review of recent research and relevant linear plasma theory is followed by a study of experimental data. ALTAIR scans collected during WINDY are studied to identify electron density signatures that may serve as indicative signs of instability. A quantitative analysis of the same radar data led to the discovery of a characteristic spectral distribution in the small to medium scale irregularities present during the onset of ESF activity. This distribution was studied during quiet and active nights to compare the structuring of the ionosphere when stable and unstable. ESF in the moderate solar flux conditions during WINDY followed a familiar pattern beginning with small scale instability in the lower altitude bottom side and evolving into large scale instabilities in the top side of the F-region. Observations of ESF proved more elusive during Too WINDY owing to the low solar flux conditions in June of 2019. Post-sunset ESF was observed on a singular night, a much lower rate of occurrence than that during WINDY. ALTAIR data from the night of the rocket launch of Too WINDY showed the presence of post-midnight ESF over Kwajalein. Sounding rocket data confirmed the electron density measurements and revealed the presence of whistler mode hiss and ELF waves in the F-region plasma. The Cornell ionospheric simulation was used to try and reproduce the observations of post-sunset ESF from WINDY by seeding with pink noised produced using characteristics derived from the spectral analysis. Gravity waves and meridional winds were used to seed the simulation attempting to reproduce the observations of post-midnight ESF from Too WINDY but these methods showed limited success. The relevance of these experiments is finally discussed in light of other research in the field.
Author: Mangalathayil Ali Abdu Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9400703260 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 479
Book Description
This book is a multi-author treatise on the most outstanding research problems in the field of the aeronomy of the Earth’s atmosphere and ionosphere, encompassing the science covered by Division II of the International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy (IAGA). It contains several review articles and detailed papers by leading scientists in the field. The book is organized in five parts: 1) Mesosphere-Lower Thermosphere Dynamics and Chemistry; 2) Vertical Coupling by Upward Propagating Waves; 3) Ionospheric Electrodynamics and Structuring; 4) Thermosphere- Ionosphere Coupling, Dynamics and Trends and 5) Ionosphere-Thermosphere Disturbances and Modeling. The book consolidates the progress achieved in the field in recent years and it serves as a useful reference for graduate students as well as experienced researchers.
Author: Ferdinand F. Cap Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 1483271056 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 494
Book Description
Handbook on Plasma Instabilities, Volume 3, is primarily intended to serve as a sourcebook for obtaining quick information and literature references pertaining to a specific topic. Such a handbook has to be formulated in a way that enables understanding of any one section without requiring full understanding of any other section. Volume 1 (Chapters 1-13) presents the fundamental concepts of plasma physics with applications, and has more the nature of a textbook treating basic plasma physics, containment, waves, and macroscopic instabilities. Volume 2 (Chapters 14-17) covers various aspects of microinstabilities, beam plasma systems, stabilization methods, and parametric effects. The present volume (Chapters 18-22) starts with a discussion on feedback and dynamic stabilization using parametric and other effects. It then treats nonlinear effects and laser-plasma systems. One chapter is devoted to applications and use of instabilities. It concludes with a report on plasma waves and instabilities in cosmic space.
Author: Edward P. Szuszczewicz
Author: Edward P. Szuszczewicz
Author: Henrique Carlotto Aveiro
Author: Wolfgang Baumjohann
Author: Michael Kelly
Author: Chao Huang
Author: P.J. Palmadesso
Author: Siddhant Sudesh Rao
Author: Mangalathayil Ali Abdu
Author: Naval Research Laboratory (U.S.)
Author: Ferdinand F. Cap