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Author: R.M.A. Goselink Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 61
Book Description
The present study evaluates the effect of different dietary phosphorus (P) levels in dairy cattle during the transition period, focussing on animal performance and animal health. Overfeeding P in the dry period (185% vs. 100% of requirements) did not affect feed intake or milk yield postpartum, but decreased plasma P and Ca concentrations and increased the risk for periparturient hypocalcemia. A reduction of the dietary P content in lactation diets (70% vs. 100%) reduced the average plasma P concentration, increased plasma Ca concentration and P mobilisation and reduced faecal excretion of P. However, no negative effects on cow performance or animal health were found for diets with a P content below calculated requirements in the first eight weeks postpartum.
Author: R.M.A. Goselink Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 61
Book Description
The present study evaluates the effect of different dietary phosphorus (P) levels in dairy cattle during the transition period, focussing on animal performance and animal health. Overfeeding P in the dry period (185% vs. 100% of requirements) did not affect feed intake or milk yield postpartum, but decreased plasma P and Ca concentrations and increased the risk for periparturient hypocalcemia. A reduction of the dietary P content in lactation diets (70% vs. 100%) reduced the average plasma P concentration, increased plasma Ca concentration and P mobilisation and reduced faecal excretion of P. However, no negative effects on cow performance or animal health were found for diets with a P content below calculated requirements in the first eight weeks postpartum.
Author: Sarah Louise Lowry Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 198
Book Description
Phytate phosphorus (pP) availability in rumen fluid was analyzed during the transition period of two heifers by in vitro and in situ incubations. Apparent digestibility (AD) of P during the transition period was measured and P balance determined. The study included three periods, a prepartum period (P1), including the 2 wk prepartum, a postpartum period (P2), including a 4 wk postpartum and a post-transition period (P3) which corresponds to d 47 to 56 for cow 1854 and d 64 to 73 for cow 1847. In vitro [Subscript p]P availability of corn, soybean meal (SBM), whole cottonseed (WCS), a total of mixed ration (TMR) and phytic acid (PA) were determined. Percent [Subscript p]P loss was determined by in vitro incubation for 15, 30, 60, or 120 min following precipitation with ferric chloride. Percent [Subscript p]P loss, averaged across periods, was 90.78% in corn, 85.35% in SBM, 75.61% in WCS, 88.80% in TMR and 84.73% in PA. A significant period effect was observed for [Subscript p]P when PA was incubated, but not for corn, SBM, WCS, or TRM. In situ incubation of feeds and TMR showed that 99% of [Subscript p]P was either solubilized or phosphates were hydrolyzed after 72 h of incubation. Equations were developed to predict [Subscript p]P loss after a given incubation time. Apparent digestibility was determined in each period, using 24 h total fecal collection. Apparent digestibility of P was 56.03% in P1, 29.81% in P2 and 9.05% in P3. Period 1 was different than both P2 and P3. Phosphorus consumed (g/d), fecal P (%) and fecal DM (kg/d) were showed period effects. To determine P balance, TMR, intake data and fecal data from the AD study were utilized along with urine, milk, growth, and pregnancy P requirements. Urinary output was estimated and urinary P concentrations were determined. Phosphorus balance was -37.72 g/d in P1, 0.15 g/d in P2 and -24.09 in P3. Due to large standard deviations no difference was observed between periods for P balance. A cow effect occurred when urine P (mg/L and g/d) was analyzed. Results indicate that ruminants possess the ability to efficiently utilize [Subscript p]P.
Author: Dorinha M. S. S. Vitti Publisher: CABI ISBN: 1845936272 Category : Animal nutrition Languages : en Pages : 190
Book Description
This book contains 10 chapters that discuss phosphorus and calcium metabolism, efficiency of utilization, availability, requirements and excretion in livestock and environmental impact.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309096545 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 510
Book Description
Excess minerals in the diet and water of animals can have an adverse effect on animal health, consumers, and the environment. Preventing unsafe mineral exposure is a fundamental part of animal nutrition and management. At the request of the Food and Drug Administration, the National Academies convened a committee to make recommendations on animal tolerances and toxic dietary levels, updating a 1980 report on mineral tolerance in domestic animals. Based on a review of current scientific data and information, the report sets a "maximum tolerable level" (MTL) for each mineral as it applies to the diets of farm animals, poultry, and fish. The report includes an analysis of the effects of toxic levels in animal diets, and it identifies elements that pose potential human health concerns. The report recommends research that includes a better characterization of animal exposure to minerals through feedstuffs; a better understanding of the relationship between mineral concentrations in feed and water and the levels in consumer products such as meat, milk, and eggs; and more research on the maximum tolerable level of minerals for aquatic and companion animals.
Author: J. P. Jouany Publisher: Editions Quae ISBN: 2738003451 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 388
Book Description
This book brings together the data of lastest international research and was conceived as the result of a summer school held at the INRA Centre of Clermont-Ferrand/Theix from 24 September to 4 Octobre 1990. The subject is the rumen as a fermentor and the means by which rumen functioning can be optimized for the maximum benefit ot the ruminant.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309037956 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 384
Book Description
This lively book examines recent trends in animal product consumption and diet; reviews industry efforts, policies, and programs aimed at improving the nutritional attributes of animal products; and offers suggestions for further research. In addition, the volume reviews dietary and health recommendations from major health organizations and notes specific target levels for nutrients.
Author: Yahsin Joan Cheng Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 142
Book Description
The commercial treatment solution contains Ca and phosphite ions, which corrects hypocalcemia. However, the plasma P stays low and results in recumbency in some cows. Permanent damages on nerves and muscles are occurred after 24 hours recumbency. By intravenous administration of sodium phosphate and sodium phosphite solutions in hypophosphatemic cows, we demonstrated that plasma P concentration was increased by sodium phosphate rather than phosphite solution. Oral administration of sodium phosphate increased plasma P concentration in 30 minutes and the elevation was last for more than 12 hours. We concluded that sodium phosphate, either by oral or intravenous administration should be used for the treatment for hypophosphatmic cows.
Author: R.M.A. Goselink
Author: R.M.A. Goselink
Author: Sarah Louise Lowry
Author: Dorinha M. S. S. Vitti
Author: National Research Council
Author: 
Author: Howard Bowman Ellenberger
Author: J. P. Jouany
Author: Edward Browning Meigs
Author: National Research Council
Author: Yahsin Joan Cheng