Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Pakistan
Languages : en
Pages : 448
Book Description
Pakistan Army Journal
Author: Fighting to the End
Author: C. Christine FairPublisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199892717
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 369
Book Description
Since Pakistan was founded in 1947, its army has dominated the state. The military establishment has locked the country in an enduring rivalry with India, with the primary aim of wresting Kashmir from it. To that end, Pakistan initiated three wars over Kashmir-in 1947, 1965, and 1999-and failed to win any of them. Today, the army continues to prosecute this dangerous policy by employing non-state actors under the security of its ever-expanding nuclear umbrella. It has sustained a proxy war in Kashmir since 1989 using Islamist militants, as well as supporting non-Islamist insurgencies throughout India and a country-wide Islamist terror campaign that have brought the two countries to the brink of war on several occasions. In addition to these territorial revisionist goals, the Pakistani army has committed itself to resisting India's slow but inevitable rise on the global stage. Despite Pakistan's efforts to coerce India, it has achieved only modest successes at best. Even though India vivisected Pakistan in 1971, Pakistan continues to see itself as India's equal and demands the world do the same. The dangerous methods that the army uses to enforce this self-perception have brought international opprobrium upon Pakistan and its army. And in recent years, their erstwhile proxies have turned their guns on the Pakistani state itself. Why does the army persist in pursuing these revisionist policies that have come to imperil the very viability of the state itself, from which the army feeds? In Fighting to the End, C. Christine Fair argues that the answer lies, at least partially, in the strategic culture of the army. Through an unprecedented analysis of decades' worth of the army's own defense publications, she concludes that from the army's distorted view of history, it is victorious as long as it can resist India's purported drive for regional hegemony as well as the territorial status quo. Simply put, acquiescence means defeat. Fighting to the End convincingly shows that because the army is unlikely to abandon these preferences, Pakistan will remain a destabilizing force in world politics for the foreseeable future.
The Army and Democracy
Author: Aqil ShahPublisher: Harvard University Press
ISBN: 0674728939
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 416
Book Description
In sharp contrast to neighboring India, the Muslim nation of Pakistan has been ruled by its military for over three decades. The Army and Democracy identifies steps for reforming Pakistan’s armed forces and reducing its interference in politics, and sees lessons for fragile democracies striving to bring the military under civilian control.
Defence Journal
Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Military art and science
Languages : en
Pages : 374
Book Description
History of Pakistan Army - Volume One- 1757 to 1948-Low Cost Black and White
Author: Agha AminPublisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN: 9781546613145
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 434
Book Description
This book is the history of the post 1947 Pakistan Army as seen through the eyes of an officer who served in this army for a certain period of time. Unlike many books it is not an attempt to glorify an organisation. It does not aim to prove that one religion is better than another is or one country is more pure than another is, while the other is an evil state. It does not project any party or political leader like many post 1958, post 1971 or post 1977 works pertaining to the history of the Pakistan Army do. There are no silent soldiers or visionary soldiers, projected as heroes, as has been done in many post 1988 books, financed off course by dirty money of US dollars siphoned off from the Afghan war! There are however some forgotten or neglected heroes, which this book seeks to, rehabilitate or at least endeavour to restore them to their rightful position. The prime motivation to write this book was disgust with deliberate distortion of history, to a lesser or greater degree in both Pakistan and India. The Indian military history situation is far better than Pakistan because a democratic system ensured that the Indian Army officers were more free to write critical accounts of all three wars, a right which was denied to their Pakistani counterparts by two paper tiger soldiers who not only destroyed all political institutions in Pakistan, but also inflicted incalculable loss on the army as an institution. Ironically a substantial part of Pakistani military history has been distorted by the negative effects of the deliberate efforts of military and civilian dictators who usurped power from 1958 to 1988, three fateful decades, which disrupted intellectual growth of the Pakistani nation and ensured that no progress is made in real intellectual terms in anything to do with history. When freedom of opinion was destroyed and intellectual growth was suffocated under able sycophantic civil servants and army officers in the role of intellectual watchdogs of Ayub Zia and Bhntto regimes. A significant part of the work deals with the various myths and misconception pertaining to Indo Muslim political and military history. Unfortunately modern authors without sufficient scrutiny accepted many of these mvths, and resultantly many 0f these myths have acquired the status of reliable and irrefutable facts. Since the Pakistan Army like the Indian Army is essentially the continuation of the old British Indian Army, an effort has been made to highlight the formative and decisive influence of the colonial heritage on the post 1947 performance of both the armies. In this regard an attempt has been made to analyse the failures and successes of the post 1947 army in relation to the pre 1947 British operational and tactical concepts.
Pakistan Army in East Pakistan Understanding a Bitter Conflict
Author: Agha Humayun AminPublisher: CreateSpace
ISBN: 9781494777036
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 222
Book Description
Anthony Mascarenhas was a journalist making is living by writing sensational things but his landmark article of June 13 1971 , although hard hitting and sensational was not the whole truth but only a fraction of the whole truth.It is in the interest of all innocents, on all sides , sans race or religion, who lost their lives in that Red Year 1971 that the whole truth be told.Thus my motivation to write this account. June 13, 1971Anthony MascarenhasThe Sunday Times-Anthony Mascarenhas, Former Assistant Editor, Morning News, Karachi, in Sunday Times, London, June 13, 1971 While the genocide carried out by the Pakistan Army was deplorable and unfortunate , there is more to it than meets the eyes.This work seeks to examine in brief the events of 1971 in a balanced manner.Usurping of power while leading the largely Punjabi based army by Ayub Khan increased the East-West divide in 1958.Things in Pakistani politics were then judged on ethnic lines. In 1950s West Pakistani newspapers wanted provincial autonomy on te same pattern as Sheikh Mujeeb later demanded in is Six Points if Bengalis , who they saw as a lesser race was ranted the right of one man , one vote !This point was clearly highlighted in the famous book on the six points which I reviewed in 2001 The on ground realities were different.Ayub was not a Punjabi , at least ethnically , but later in 1971 the Bengali Muslims blamed the Punjabis for all their maladies! In reality the Punjabis being leaderless were manipulated by both Ayub and Yahya! Bhutto who played a major role in persuading Yahya to launch the military action was a Sindhi! Figure 1 General Agha Mohammad Yahya KhaTrigger happy use of excessive military force in 1971 precipitated a war which led to the creation of Bangladesh. It appears that the Two Nation Theory had ceased to exist in the killing fields of East Bengal in 1971. But why was the army so actively participating in the genocide? The same Britishers who were so active in criticising the Pakistani atrocities in 1971 as in the had as a matter of fact created this machine following 1857 based on antiquated and irrational ideas of Robert in the post-1880 period.The disease started in 1857 when the British reaped the harvest of the policy of divide and rule when they employed the Gurkha against Indian, and within India the Punjabi (whether Sikh or Muslim) against the Hindustani. The Gurkha against the Punjabi. The Jallianwalla massacre in which Gurkha troops fired on the public meeting comprising Punjabi civilians in 1919 was a good example of the fact that the British did not love the Punjabis, but were merely using them. The Punjabis started learning this from 1919 but by the time the awareness was growing the Britishers were already winding up. The most glaring example of the policy of selective recruitment was in the old NWFP region of pre-1947 India. Here the British deployed one Pathan against another. Sometimes from the same tribe and sometimes from the other. Sometimes the Turi Shia against the non-Shia Wazirs or Mahsuds or Afridis. Figure 1 Royal Air Force planes bomb Waziristan Figure 2 Bombing Waziristan by Westland Wapitis in 1933 The post-1947 rulers of Pakistan instead of remedying a basically illogical recruitment policy which had no logical basis became its victim. Thus whenever army was used in a province other than Punjab it was perceived as “Punjab against Sindh” or “Punjab against Bengal” or “Punjab against Baluchistan”! The rulers were merely the instruments of a pre-1947 policy. The army outside Punjab was trigger happy because it was fighting in a foreign land. For short-term purposes this policy is viable but for how long? In the long-term it will only lead to creation of more Bangladeshis?The British divided us by their negative policies both in India and in Pakistan. In Pakistan the problem became more serious because the military usurpers were not interested in changing
Pakistan Army Through Eyes of Pakistani Generals
Author: Agha Humayun AminPublisher: CreateSpace
ISBN: 9781480085961
Category : Biography & Autobiography
Languages : en
Pages : 420
Book Description
Pakistan Army through eyes of Pakistani Generals based on direct interviews conducted by Agha Humayun Amin
Inside the Pakistan Army
Author: Carey SchofieldPublisher:
ISBN: 9781906447021
Category : Pakistan
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Schofield spent five years with the Pakistan army, accompanying them on maneuvers and getting to know key figures from junior soldiers to Kayani himself. For five years, she travelled everywhere with them. They even had a uniform made for her. "Inside the Pakistan Army" is the truth about the army's vital role as an ally in the war.
History of Pakistan Army - Volume One- 1757 To 1948
Author: Agha AminPublisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN: 9781546553632
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 434
Book Description
History of Pakistan Army from foundation by Robert Clive till 1947-48 war
Author: