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Author: Roland N. Pittman Publisher: Biota Publishing ISBN: 1615047212 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 117
Book Description
This presentation describes various aspects of the regulation of tissue oxygenation, including the roles of the circulatory system, respiratory system, and blood, the carrier of oxygen within these components of the cardiorespiratory system. The respiratory system takes oxygen from the atmosphere and transports it by diffusion from the air in the alveoli to the blood flowing through the pulmonary capillaries. The cardiovascular system then moves the oxygenated blood from the heart to the microcirculation of the various organs by convection, where oxygen is released from hemoglobin in the red blood cells and moves to the parenchymal cells of each tissue by diffusion. Oxygen that has diffused into cells is then utilized in the mitochondria to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy currency of all cells. The mitochondria are able to produce ATP until the oxygen tension or PO2 on the cell surface falls to a critical level of about 4–5 mm Hg. Thus, in order to meet the energetic needs of cells, it is important to maintain a continuous supply of oxygen to the mitochondria at or above the critical PO2 . In order to accomplish this desired outcome, the cardiorespiratory system, including the blood, must be capable of regulation to ensure survival of all tissues under a wide range of circumstances. The purpose of this presentation is to provide basic information about the operation and regulation of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, as well as the properties of the blood and parenchymal cells, so that a fundamental understanding of the regulation of tissue oxygenation is achieved.
Author: Roland N. Pittman Publisher: Biota Publishing ISBN: 1615047212 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 117
Book Description
This presentation describes various aspects of the regulation of tissue oxygenation, including the roles of the circulatory system, respiratory system, and blood, the carrier of oxygen within these components of the cardiorespiratory system. The respiratory system takes oxygen from the atmosphere and transports it by diffusion from the air in the alveoli to the blood flowing through the pulmonary capillaries. The cardiovascular system then moves the oxygenated blood from the heart to the microcirculation of the various organs by convection, where oxygen is released from hemoglobin in the red blood cells and moves to the parenchymal cells of each tissue by diffusion. Oxygen that has diffused into cells is then utilized in the mitochondria to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy currency of all cells. The mitochondria are able to produce ATP until the oxygen tension or PO2 on the cell surface falls to a critical level of about 4–5 mm Hg. Thus, in order to meet the energetic needs of cells, it is important to maintain a continuous supply of oxygen to the mitochondria at or above the critical PO2 . In order to accomplish this desired outcome, the cardiorespiratory system, including the blood, must be capable of regulation to ensure survival of all tissues under a wide range of circumstances. The purpose of this presentation is to provide basic information about the operation and regulation of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, as well as the properties of the blood and parenchymal cells, so that a fundamental understanding of the regulation of tissue oxygenation is achieved.
Author: Ron Legarski Publisher: SolveForce ISBN: Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 517
Book Description
Oxygen: From Discovery to Modern Energy Applications is a comprehensive exploration of one of the most essential elements on Earth, tracing its journey from early scientific discovery to its modern role in advanced technologies and clean energy solutions. Written by telecommunications and technology expert Ron Legarski, this book delves into oxygen’s critical importance in industrial processes, medical therapies, and sustainable energy systems. Beginning with the groundbreaking work of Joseph Priestley, Carl Wilhelm Scheele, and Antoine Lavoisier, the book outlines the pivotal moments in the history of oxygen research. It explores the role of oxygen in the Industrial Revolution, where it became a cornerstone of steel production, chemical manufacturing, and glassmaking. The book also highlights the evolution of oxygen use in medical fields, such as oxygen therapy, hyperbaric treatments, and the development of life-saving respiratory technologies. The modern era of oxygen’s significance is fully examined, with detailed chapters on its use in green hydrogen production, fuel cells, and oxygen-cooled nuclear reactors, particularly Small Modular Reactors (SMRs). The book illustrates how oxygen production systems, such as cryogenic separation and pressure swing adsorption (PSA), are integrated with IoT technologies to optimize efficiency and performance in industries ranging from energy to healthcare. For readers interested in the future of sustainable energy and advanced materials, Oxygen: From Discovery to Modern Energy Applications also covers oxygen’s role in the development of superconductors, green energy storage, and carbon capture technologies. Whether you are a scientist, engineer, or simply curious about the role of oxygen in shaping modern technologies, this book provides a detailed, accessible guide to its vast applications and potential. This is a must-read for anyone looking to understand how oxygen continues to fuel innovations in energy, medicine, and industrial processes—and how it will remain central to the future of clean technologies.
Author: John Farndon Publisher: Marshall Cavendish ISBN: 9780761408796 Category : Juvenile Nonfiction Languages : en Pages : 36
Book Description
Everything in the universe is made of elements. This series looks at the most important chemical elements and explains where they can be found, how they were discovered, their special characteristics and reactions, and their importance in the body and in everyday life. Understanding how the elements behave is the key to understanding chemistry. The Elements provides a fascinating and fact-filled introduction to this important subject. Book jacket.
Author: Ines Drenjančević Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand ISBN: 1789235987 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 132
Book Description
Hyperbaric oxygen treatment (HBO2) is a widely accepted adjuvant therapy in various health conditions that exhibit impaired tissue blood flow. At high pressures, the delivery of the dissolved oxygen in plasma is enhanced, which contributes to better tissue oxygenation, cellular metabolism and ultimately, healing. However, this is not the only beneficial outcome of HBO2 treatment since oxygen is a highly reactive molecule and can induce upregulation of many enzymatic systems in the cell at the cellular, genetic and molecular level. Particularly, vascular/endothelial function is affected by the HBO2. Our understanding of these mechanisms is still emerging. There have been many controversies related to the HBO2 protocols and indications. As well as exhibiting beneficiary effects on the tissue perfusion, it is known that HBO2 demonstrates high toxicity at higher pressures, due to increased oxidative stress and barotrauma. On the other hand, there is a lack of translation of the knowledge on the mechanisms of action of HBO2 obtained from the experimental research to the clinical practice. Thus, this book presents the reader with an overview of the current knowledge on the mechanisms of HBO2 effects in various experimental models and clinical treatment protocols, in an attempt to provide a better understanding of how and when HBO2 should be used as an effective therapy without unwanted side effects.
Author: Santi Nonell Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry ISBN: 1782622209 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 489
Book Description
Meeting the desire for a comprehensive book that collects and curates the vast amount of knowledge gained in the field of singlet oxygen, this title covers the physical, chemical and biological properties of this reactive oxygen species and also its increasingly important applications across chemical, environmental and biomedical areas.The editors have a long and distinguished background in the field of singlet oxygen chemistry and biomedical applications, giving them a unique insight and ensuring the contributions attain the highest scientific level.The book provides an up to date reference resource for both the beginner and experienced researcher and crucially for those working across disciplines such as photochemistry, photobiology and photomedicine.
Author: Mikkel Bregnhøj Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3030031837 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 162
Book Description
This book presents the fundamentals and the state of the art of the photophysics of molecular oxygen. The author examines optical transitions between the lowest-lying electronic states in molecular oxygen and how these transitions respond to perturbation, either from an organic molecule or from the plasmon field of a metal nanoparticle. We live on a planet filled with light and oxygen. The interaction between these two components forms the basis of excited state chemistry spanning the fields of synthetic organic chemistry, materials chemistry, molecular biology, and photodynamic treatment of cancer. Still, the fundamental ways in which oxygen is affected by light is an active subject of research and is continually being developed and rationalized. In this book, readers will learn that singlet oxygen, the excited state of oxygen that exhibits unique chemical reactivity, can be selectively made via direct optical excitation of oxygen in a sensitizer-free system. Readers will also discover that this approach can perturb living cells differently depending on the singlet oxygen “dose”.
Author: Glenn J. MacPherson Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG ISBN: 1501508504 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 620
Book Description
Volume 68 of Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry reviews Oxygen in the Solar System, an element that is so critically important in so many ways to planetary science. The book is based on three open workshops: Oxygen in the Terrestrial Planets, held in Santa Fe, NM July 20-23, 2004; Oxygen in Asteroids and Meteorites, held in Flagstaff, AZ June 2-3, 2005; and Oxygen in Earliest Solar System Materials and Processes (and including the outer planets and comets), held in Gatlinburg, TN September 19-22, 2005. As a consequence of the cross-cutting approach, the final book spans a wide range of fields relating to oxygen, from the stellar nucleosynthesis of oxygen, to its occurrence in the interstellar medium, to the oxidation and isotopic record preserved in 4.56 Ga grains formed at the Solar System's birth, to its abundance and speciation in planets large and small, to its role in the petrologic and physical evolution of the terrestrial planets. Contents: Introduction Oxygen isotopes in the early Solar System - A historical perspective Abundance, notation, and fractionation of light stable isotopes Nucleosynthesis and chemical evolution of oxygen Oxygen in the interstellar medium Oxygen in the Sun Redox conditions in the solar nebula: observational, experimental, and theoretical constraints Oxygen isotopes of chondritic components Mass-independent oxygen isotope variation in the solar nebula Oxygen and other volatiles in the giant planets and their satellites Oxygen in comets and interplanetary dust particles Oxygen and asteroids Oxygen isotopes in asteroidal materials Oxygen isotopic composition and chemical correlations in meteorites and the terrestrial planets Record of low-temperature alteration in asteroids The oxygen cycle of the terrestrial planets: insights into the processing and history of oxygen in surface environments Redox conditions on small bodies, the Moon and Mars Terrestrial oxygen isotope variations and their implications for planetary lithospheres Basalts as probes of planetary interior redox state Rheological consequences of redox state
Author: Roland N. Pittman
Author: Roland N. Pittman
Author: Ron Legarski
Author: Joseph Priestley
Author: Richard L. Stein
Author: John Farndon
Author: Ines Drenjančević
Author: Santi Nonell
Author: Mikkel Bregnhøj
Author: Emanuel Mann Roth
Author: Glenn J. MacPherson