Author: Kristen N. Buck Publisher: Frontiers Media SA ISBN: 2889453766 Category : Languages : en Pages : 305
Book Description
This research topic highlights the most recent accomplishments of a Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research (SCOR) Working Group, SCOR WG 139: Organic Ligands - A Key Control on Trace Metal Biogeochemistry in the Ocean.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
This research topic highlights the most recent accomplishments of a Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research (SCOR) Working Group, SCOR WG 139: Organic Ligands - A Key Control on Trace Metal Biogeochemistry in the Ocean.
Author: Travis William Mellett Publisher: ISBN: Category : Biogeochemistry Languages : en Pages : 175
Book Description
In addition to control by major nutrient elements (nitrogen, phosphorous, and silicon) growth and community composition of marine phytoplankton is also regulated by trace element nutrients (iron, copper, manganese, zinc, cobalt, nickel, and cadmium). Of these, iron is the most influential in the modern ocean, regulating phytoplankton growth and carbon export in high-nutrient low-chlorophyll regimes and exerting an important control on the marine nitrogen cycle through its role in di-nitrogen fixation. The distributions of these metals has the capacity to control primary production and phytoplankton community composition through differences in cellular quotas or metal sensitivities amongst species. The relationship between trace metal distributions and marine microorganisms is coupled; plankton and bacteria shape the distribution, speciation, and redox state of these metals through cellular uptake, recycling processes, and production of specific and non-specific metal chelators. The interplay between these chemical and biological processes has a profound influence on the modern ocean and global biogeochemical cycles. In this work the feedbacks between trace metal nutrients, natural metal-binding chelators, and marine microorganisms are examined in three distinct oceanic environments that encompass some of the major interfaces of trace metals to the ocean. In the upwelled waters of the California Current system field incubations examine the role of light on the uptake and speciation of metals; an important observation from this study was the increase in short-term Fe uptake rates for marine phytoplankton resulting from photochemical reactions of organically bound Fe, a process that may result in a competitive advantage for some phytoplankton species. In the surface waters of the West Florida Shelf a baseline study of the concentrations of bioactive trace metals and Fe-and-Cu binding organic ligands are reported between two seasons; the work identifies important regional and seasonal processes controlling the distributions of these metals and observed divergent mechanisms influencing the cycling of Fe-and-Cu-binding ligands that may act as a bottom-up control on phytoplankton communities in this region. In hydrothermal plumes along the Mid Atlantic Ridge field incubations examine the role of particles and Fe-binding ligands on the stabilization of dissolved Fe input from these vent systems; the experiments demonstrate the importance of colloids, exchange between particle phases, and Fe-binding ligand production in the stabilization of Fe far-field of these vent systems. The results of these studies present mechanistic frameworks to contextualize some of the basin-scale distributions of these metals generated from the GEOTRACES program. As the GEOTRACES program shifts progressively towards more process oriented studies this work may serve as a useful framework to test hypotheses and further characterize biogeochemical cycles of trace metals in these marine environments.
Author: Dennis A. Hansell Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0443138591 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 870
Book Description
Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter, 3rd edition is the most up-to-date revision of the fundamental reference for the biogeochemistry of marine dissolved organic matter. Since its original publication in June 2002, the science, questions, and priorities have advanced, and the editors of this essential guide, have added nine new chapters, including one on the South China Sea. An indispensable manual edited by the most distinguished experts in the field, this book is addressed to graduate students, marine scientists, and all professionals interested in advancing their knowledge of the field. Features up-to-date knowledge on DOM, including 9 new chapters Presents the only published work to synthesize recent research on dissolved organic carbon in the South China, a region receiving a great deal of attention in recent decades Offers contributions by world-class research leaders
Author: Liudmila L. Demina Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319413406 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 219
Book Description
This volume synthesizes the relevant data that is fundamental to our understanding of trace metal biogeochemistry and the ecology of biological communities of deep-sea vent systems. It presents the combined results of biological and geochemical research and analyzes the microdistribution of animals and the spatial structure of vent communities. Careful consideration is given to the export of iron and other trace metals from hydrothermal vents. The environmental conditions to be found in deep-sea hydrothermal community habitats, along with the trace metal behavior in biotope water are characterized and the sources and forms of trace metals taken up by dominant hydrothermal vent animals are discussed. Special attention is paid to the poorly investigated deep biosphere of the sub-seafloor igneous crust. The book is illustrated with a wealth of exceptional deep-sea photos taken by the manned submersible “Mir”, and a dedicated chapter focuses on the role of deep manned submersibles in ocean research. The book will be of interest to researchers and students in the fields of oceanography, geochemistry, biology, the environmental sciences and marine ecology.
Author: Helmut Sigel Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 084934607X Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 347
Book Description
Volume 44, devoted solely to the vital research areas concerning the biogeochemistry of metals and their transport in the environment and availability to living systems, offers 9 timely and authoritative chapters on these fascinating topics by 19 internationally recognized experts.
Author: Mak A. Saito Publisher: ISBN: Category : Bioaccumulation Languages : en Pages : 834
Book Description
Processes that enable marine phytoplankton to acquire trace metals are fundamental to our understanding of primary productivity and global carbon cycling. This thesis explored the biogeochemistry of cobalt using analytical chemistry and physiological experiments with the dominant phytoplankton species, Prochlorococcus. A high sensitivity method for Co speciation was developed using hanging mercury drop cathodic stripping voltammetry. Dissolved Co at the Bermuda Atlantic Time Series station (BATS) in the Sargasso Sea was bound by strong organic complexes with a conditional stability constant of logK=16.3 +/- 0.9. Biweekly time series measurements of total cobalt near Bermuda from the MITESS sampler were 0-47pM throughout 1999, and averaged 20 +/- 10pM in 1999. A transect of total cobalt from BATS to American coastal waters ranged from 19-133pM and correlated negatively with salinity (r(sup 2)=0.93). Prochlorococcus strains MED4-Ax and SS120 showed an absolute requirement for Co, despite replete Zn. Co-57 uptake rates and growth rates were enhanced by additions of filtered low Co cultures, suggesting that a ligand is present that facilitates Co uptake. Co-limited Prochlorococcus cultures exhibited an increase in the fraction of cells in G2 relative to other cell cycle stages during exponential growth, and the durations of this stage increased with decreasing cobalt concentrations.
Author: Publisher: Newnes ISBN: 0080983006 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 17318
Book Description
This extensively updated new edition of the widely acclaimed Treatise on Geochemistry has increased its coverage beyond the wide range of geochemical subject areas in the first edition, with five new volumes which include: the history of the atmosphere, geochemistry of mineral deposits, archaeology and anthropology, organic geochemistry and analytical geochemistry. In addition, the original Volume 1 on "Meteorites, Comets, and Planets" was expanded into two separate volumes dealing with meteorites and planets, respectively. These additions increased the number of volumes in the Treatise from 9 to 15 with the index/appendices volume remaining as the last volume (Volume 16). Each of the original volumes was scrutinized by the appropriate volume editors, with respect to necessary revisions as well as additions and deletions. As a result, 27% were republished without major changes, 66% were revised and 126 new chapters were added. In a many-faceted field such as Geochemistry, explaining and understanding how one sub-field relates to another is key. Instructors will find the complete overviews with extensive cross-referencing useful additions to their course packs and students will benefit from the contextual organization of the subject matter Six new volumes added and 66% updated from 1st edition. The Editors of this work have taken every measure to include the many suggestions received from readers and ensure comprehensiveness of coverage and added value in this 2nd edition The esteemed Board of Volume Editors and Editors-in-Chief worked cohesively to ensure a uniform and consistent approach to the content, which is an amazing accomplishment for a 15-volume work (16 volumes including index volume)!
Author: Thomas S. Bianchi Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 9780471161745 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 454
Book Description
The definitive ecological guide to the Gulf of MexicoEstuaries Today the ecological health of the Gulf of Mexico--long the base ofvast commercial fisheries--is at risk from a potent array ofthreats, from increased nutrient inputs to the loss of coastalwetlands that impact water quality. Never before has knowledge of the biogeochemical processes of theGulf's estuaries and wetlands been so critical to its preservation,and yet until now research on this vital area has beenfragmented. Biogeochemistry of Gulf of Mexico Estuaries offers a comprehensive,integrated examination of these vital natural resources and theirecology. Featuring contributions from a diverse group of expertscientists from all regions of the Gulf Coast, thisinterdisciplinary reference provides extensive coverage of what isknown about biogeochemical processes--and the factors that regulatethem--in warm temperate and subtropical systems. Organized around aframework that integrates geomorphology, sedimentary processes,nutrient cycling, and trace metals chemistry, it not onlydemonstrates how the Gulf's estuarine systems work, but alsoestablishes a basis for how they compare with other, better-studiedtemperate estuaries. In addition, the book features afascinating--and timely--examination of the effects ofbiogeochemical processes on estuarine management. Biogeochemistry of Gulf of Mexico Estuaries will be welcomed byecologists, marine scientists, environmental activists, and anyoneinvolved with managing these precious natural resources.
Author: Kristen N. Buck
Author: 
Author: Travis William Mellett
Author: Dennis A. Hansell
Author: Liudmila L. Demina
Author: Helmut Sigel
Author: Mak A. Saito
Author: Martial Taillefert
Author: 
Author: Thomas S. Bianchi