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Book Description
Dans les ann es r centes, des progr s sensibles ont t r alis s sur les nouveaux mat riaux comme les mat riaux pi zo- lectriques en r ponse des sollicitations naturelles ou provoqu es. Utilis s comme actionneurs ou comme capteurs, ces mat riaux permettent de construire des structures intelligentes ayant des capacit s de contr le et de r actions sp cifiques certaines perturbations ext rieures. Les performances de ces syst mes d pendent fortement de la position, de la forme et du nombre des l ments actifs mis en jeu. L'optimisation du r seau des actionneurs et des capteurs est donc une tape indispensable lors de la conception de ce type de dispositifs. Dans le but de d terminer la configuration optimale des l ments pi zo- lectriques sur des structures plaques, les travaux ont conduit la d finition de nouveaux crit res d'optimisation. Les fonctions co ts pr sentent de nombreux optima locaux et globeux et les m thodes classiques ne peuvent tre donc appliqu s pour la recherche des optima globeux. Ces particularit s de la fonction objectif nous orientent vers l'utilisation d'algorithmes g n tiques. Leur utilisation dans ce cadre semble tre unevoie de recherche prometteuse.
Book Description
Dans les ann es r centes, des progr s sensibles ont t r alis s sur les nouveaux mat riaux comme les mat riaux pi zo- lectriques en r ponse des sollicitations naturelles ou provoqu es. Utilis s comme actionneurs ou comme capteurs, ces mat riaux permettent de construire des structures intelligentes ayant des capacit s de contr le et de r actions sp cifiques certaines perturbations ext rieures. Les performances de ces syst mes d pendent fortement de la position, de la forme et du nombre des l ments actifs mis en jeu. L'optimisation du r seau des actionneurs et des capteurs est donc une tape indispensable lors de la conception de ce type de dispositifs. Dans le but de d terminer la configuration optimale des l ments pi zo- lectriques sur des structures plaques, les travaux ont conduit la d finition de nouveaux crit res d'optimisation. Les fonctions co ts pr sentent de nombreux optima locaux et globeux et les m thodes classiques ne peuvent tre donc appliqu s pour la recherche des optima globeux. Ces particularit s de la fonction objectif nous orientent vers l'utilisation d'algorithmes g n tiques. Leur utilisation dans ce cadre semble tre unevoie de recherche prometteuse.
Book Description
Ce travail concerne l’optimisation de réseaux de capteurs et d’actionneurs piézo-électriques au moyen d’algorithmes génétiques en contrôle actif de vibrations de structures plaques. Le rôle des actionneurs étant d’amortir le plus rapidement possible les vibrations, on cherche à minimiser l’énergie de contrôle par rapport à la position des actionneurs. Les capteurs devant observer le mieux possible le mouvement de la structure, leurs positions sont choisies pour maximiser l’énergie de sortie. Pour quantifier la qualité du réseau de capteurs et d’actionneurs, nous utilisons deux nouveaux critères d’optimisation développés au laboratoire LEME qui permettent de ne pas privilégier un mode propre particulier. Ces critères sont utilisés pour optimiser la position de réseaux d’éléments piézo- électriques en tenant compte à la fois de leur position et de leur orientation en présence ou non de modes résiduels. A partir du critère associé aux capteurs, nous introduisons un second critère permettant de déterminer si chaque mode est correctement observé par le réseau de capteurs utilisé. Nous utilisons alors les deux critères associés aux capteurs pour optimiser simultanément le nombre et la position des capteurs piézo-électriques. La nature des problèmes d’optimisation posés (variables continues et/ou discrètes, optimaux globaux et locaux multiples, optimisation multi-objectifs, fonctions d’optimisations non continûment dérivables) nous a conduit à développer un algorithme génétique simple adapté à nos variables d’optimisation et n’utilisant que les fonctions élémentaires de sélection, croisement et mutation. L’optimisation des paramètres de la loi de commande est également effectuée au moyen d’un algorithme génétique. Un exemple d’application de contrôle actif optimal est proposé sur une carte électronique simplifiée.
Author: David Edward Goldberg Publisher: Addison-Wesley Professional ISBN: Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 436
Book Description
A gentle introduction to genetic algorithms. Genetic algorithms revisited: mathematical foundations. Computer implementation of a genetic algorithm. Some applications of genetic algorithms. Advanced operators and techniques in genetic search. Introduction to genetics-based machine learning. Applications of genetics-based machine learning. A look back, a glance ahead. A review of combinatorics and elementary probability. Pascal with random number generation for fortran, basic, and cobol programmers. A simple genetic algorithm (SGA) in pascal. A simple classifier system(SCS) in pascal. Partition coefficient transforms for problem-coding analysis.
Author: James E. Barrett Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030353621 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 466
Book Description
Celebrating 100 years of HEP, this volume will discuss key pharmacological discoveries and concepts of the past 100 years. These discoveries have dramatically changed the medical treatment paradigms of many diseases and these concepts have and will continue to shape discovery of new medicinies. Newly evolving technologies will similarly be discussed as they will shape the future of the pharmacology and, accordingly, medical therapy.
Author: Hans-Joachim Bungartz Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3540345965 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 401
Book Description
This volume in the series Lecture Notes in Computational Science and Engineering presents a collection of papers presented at the International Workshop on FSI, held in October 2005 in Hohenwart and organized by DFG's Research Unit 493 "FSI: Modeling, Simulation, and Optimization". The papers address partitioned and monolithic coupling approaches, methodical issues and applications, and discuss FSI from the mathematical, informatics, and engineering points of view.
Author: Andrew J. Fleming Publisher: Springer ISBN: 331906617X Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 418
Book Description
Covering the complete design cycle of nanopositioning systems, this is the first comprehensive text on the topic. The book first introduces concepts associated with nanopositioning stages and outlines their application in such tasks as scanning probe microscopy, nanofabrication, data storage, cell surgery and precision optics. Piezoelectric transducers, employed ubiquitously in nanopositioning applications are then discussed in detail including practical considerations and constraints on transducer response. The reader is then given an overview of the types of nanopositioner before the text turns to the in-depth coverage of mechanical design including flexures, materials, manufacturing techniques, and electronics. This process is illustrated by the example of a high-speed serial-kinematic nanopositioner. Position sensors are then catalogued and described and the text then focuses on control. Several forms of control are treated: shunt control, feedback control, force feedback control and feedforward control (including an appreciation of iterative learning control). Performance issues are given importance as are problems limiting that performance such as hysteresis and noise which arise in the treatment of control and are then given chapter-length attention in their own right. The reader also learns about cost functions and other issues involved in command shaping, charge drives and electrical considerations. All concepts are demonstrated experimentally including by direct application to atomic force microscope imaging. Design, Modeling and Control of Nanopositioning Systems will be of interest to researchers in mechatronics generally and in control applied to atomic force microscopy and other nanopositioning applications. Microscope developers and mechanical designers of nanopositioning devices will find the text essential reading.
Author: Do Tran Cat Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3540882014 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 387
Book Description
This book presents the majority of the contributions to the Tenth German-Vietnamese Seminar on Physics and Engineering (GVS10) that took place in the Gustav- Stresemann-Institut (GSI) in Bonn from June 6 to June 9, 2007. In the focus of these studies are the preparation and basic properties of new material systems, related investigation methods, and practical applications. Accordingly the sections in this book are entitled electrons: transport and confinement, low-dimensional systems, magnetism, oxidic materials, organic films, new materials, and methods. The series of German-Vietnamese seminars was initiated and sponsored by the Gottlieb Daimler- and Karl Benz -Foundation since 1998 and took place alt- nately in both countries. These bilateral meetings brought together top-notch senior and junior Vietnamese scientists with German Scientists and stimulated many contacts and co-operations. Under the general title “Physics and Engine- ing” the programs covered, in the form of keynote-lectures, oral presentations and posters, experimental and theoretical cutting-edge material-physics oriented topics. The majority of the contributions was dealing with modern topics of material science, particularly nanoscience, which is a research field of high importance also in Vietnam. Modern material science allows a quick transfer of research results to technical applications, which is very useful for fast developing countries like Vietnam. On the other hand, the seminars took profit from the strong cro- fertilization of the different disciplines of physics. This book is dedicated to the tenth anniversary of the seminars and nicely shows the scientific progress in Vietnam and the competitive level reached.
Author: Asian Development Bank Publisher: Asian Development Bank ISBN: 929092604X Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 102
Book Description
The Asian Development Bank (ADB) works with a number of developing member countries facing fragile and conflict-affected situations---circumstances that complicate economic development, and might include domestic or international conflict, ethnic tensions, vulnerability to natural disasters, or a confluence of these factors. ADB piloted the peacebuilding tool in Nepal as a conflict-sensitive approach, a key to effective and safe implementation of projects in the country's post-conflict context. The peacebuilding tool is an analytical tool for assisting project team leaders and social experts in understanding the local context, and in identifying potential risks to implementation of development projects that are linked to social conflicts, as well as in formulating mitigation measures for addressing these risks.
Author: Thomas M. Holden Publisher: Materials Research Forum LLC ISBN: 1945291176 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 638
Book Description
This book presents the proceedings of the International Conference on Residual Stresses 10 and is devoted to the prediction/modelling, evaluation, control, and application of residual stresses in engineering materials. New developments, on stress-measurement techniques, on modelling and prediction of residual stresses and on progress made in the fundamental understanding of the relation between the state of residual stress and the material properties, are highlighted. The proceedings offer an overview of the current understanding of the role of residual stresses in materials used in wide ranging application areas.
Author: Shahram Nikoukar
Author: Shahram Nikoukar
Author: Shahram Nikoukar
Author: David Edward Goldberg
Author: James E. Barrett
Author: Hans-Joachim Bungartz
Author: Andrew J. Fleming
Author: Do Tran Cat
Author: 
Author: Asian Development Bank
Author: Thomas M. Holden