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Author: Yihui Wang Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319308890 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 198
Book Description
This book contributes to making urban rail transport fast, punctual and energy-efficient –significant factors in the importance of public transportation systems to economic, environmental and social requirements at both municipal and national levels. It proposes new methods for shortening passenger travel times and for reducing energy consumption, addressing two major topics: (1) train trajectory planning: the authors derive a nonlinear model for the operation of trains and present several approaches for calculating optimal and energy-efficient trajectories within a given schedule; and (2) train scheduling: the authors develop a train scheduling model for urban rail systems and optimization approaches with which to balance total passenger travel time with energy efficiency and other costs to the operator. Mixed-integer linear programming and pseudospectral methods are among the new methods proposed for single- and multi-train systems for the solution of the nonlinear trajectory planning problem which involves constraints such as varying speed restrictions and maximum traction/braking force. Signaling systems and their effects are also accounted for in the trajectory planning model. Origin–destination passenger demand is included in the model formulation for train scheduling. Iterative convex programming and efficient bi-level approaches are utilized in the solution of the train-scheduling problem. In addition, the splitting rates and route choices of passengers are also optimized from the system point of view. The problems and solutions described in Optimal Trajectory Planning and Train Scheduling for Urban Rail Transit Systems will interest researchers studying public transport systems and logistics whether from an academic or practitioner background as well as providing a real application for anybody studying optimization theory and predictive control.
Author: Yihui Wang Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319308890 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 198
Book Description
This book contributes to making urban rail transport fast, punctual and energy-efficient –significant factors in the importance of public transportation systems to economic, environmental and social requirements at both municipal and national levels. It proposes new methods for shortening passenger travel times and for reducing energy consumption, addressing two major topics: (1) train trajectory planning: the authors derive a nonlinear model for the operation of trains and present several approaches for calculating optimal and energy-efficient trajectories within a given schedule; and (2) train scheduling: the authors develop a train scheduling model for urban rail systems and optimization approaches with which to balance total passenger travel time with energy efficiency and other costs to the operator. Mixed-integer linear programming and pseudospectral methods are among the new methods proposed for single- and multi-train systems for the solution of the nonlinear trajectory planning problem which involves constraints such as varying speed restrictions and maximum traction/braking force. Signaling systems and their effects are also accounted for in the trajectory planning model. Origin–destination passenger demand is included in the model formulation for train scheduling. Iterative convex programming and efficient bi-level approaches are utilized in the solution of the train-scheduling problem. In addition, the splitting rates and route choices of passengers are also optimized from the system point of view. The problems and solutions described in Optimal Trajectory Planning and Train Scheduling for Urban Rail Transit Systems will interest researchers studying public transport systems and logistics whether from an academic or practitioner background as well as providing a real application for anybody studying optimization theory and predictive control.
Author: Marco Guerrieri Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3031240308 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 270
Book Description
This textbook examines key railway engineering topics useful for railway design and control. Conventional railways are considered together with high-speed railways, tramways, metros, maglev and hyperloop systems, people movers, monorails and rack railways. Every system of transport is described in its basic technical characteristics, especially in terms of transportation system capacity, alignment design criteria and construction costs. It is an introductory book to specific topics of the railway engineering field, and thus, the mathematical treatment is purposely brief and simplified. The book is an ideal learning resource for students of civil engineering, as well as a valuable reference for practicing engineers involved with railway designs.
Author: Hamid Khayyam Publisher: MDPI ISBN: 3039436279 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 242
Book Description
This book is aimed at serving researchers, engineers, scientists, and engineering graduate and PhD students of engineering and physical science together with individuals interested in engineering and science. This book focuses on the application of engineering methods to complex systems including transportation, building, and manufacturing, with approaches representing a wide variety of disciplines of engineering and science. Throughout the book, great emphases are placed on engineering applications of complex systems, as well as the methodologies of automation, including artificial intelligence, automated and intelligent control, energy analysis, energy modelling, energy management, and optimised energy efficiency. The significant impact of recent studies that have been selected for presentation are of high interest in engineering complex systems. An attempt has been made to expose the reading audience of engineers and researchers to a broad range of theoretical and practical topics. The topics contained in the present book are of specific interest to engineers who are seeking expertise in transportation, building, and manufacturing technologies as well as mathematical modelling of complex systems, engineering approaches to engineering complex problems, automation via artificial intelligence methods, automated and intelligent control, and energy systems. The primary audience of this book are researchers, graduate students, and engineers in mechanical engineering, control engineering, computer engineering, electrical engineering, and science disciplines. In particular, the book can be used for training graduate and PhD students as well as senior undergraduate students to enhance their knowledge by taking a graduate or advanced undergraduate course in the areas of complex systems, control systems, energy systems, and engineering applications. The covered research topics are also of interest to engineers and academia who are seeking to expand their expertise in these areas.
Author: Xiang Li Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 9811577854 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 116
Book Description
This book provides a comprehensive presentation on energy-efficient management in urban rail transit system via operations research and uncertain optimization methods. It is suitable for researchers, engineers, and students in the fields of transport management. The readers will learn numerous new modeling ideas on reducing tractive energy consumption and improving regenerative energy utilization, and find this work a useful reference.
Author: Philip G. Howlett Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1447130847 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 315
Book Description
Rail is potentially a very efficient form of transport, but must be convenient, reliable and cost-effective to compete with road and air transport. Optimal control can be used to find energy-efficient driving strategies for trains. This book describes the train control problem and shows how a solution was found at the University of South Australia. This research was used to develop the Metromiser system, which provides energy-efficient driving advice on suburban trains. Since then, this work has been modified to find practical driving strategies for long-haul trains. The authors describe the history of the problem, reviewing the basic mathematical analysis and relevant techniques of constrained optimisation. They outline the modelling and solution of the problem and finally explain how the fuel consumption can be minimised for a journey, showing the effect of speed limits and track gradients on the optimal driving strategy.
Author: Eren Ozceylan Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1000352803 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 419
Book Description
Sustainable Production and Logistics: Modeling and Analysis Subject Guide: Engineering - Industrial & Manufacturing This book presents issues faced by planners of production and distribution operations in terms of smart manufacturing and sustainability, using efficient quantitative techniques in a variety of decision-making situations. Addressing the state-of-the-art of the smart and sustainable sides of production and distribution planning operations, it highlights how a current issue can be effectively approached and what particular quantitative technique can be used. The book goes on to provide a foundation in the new and fast-growing digital journey, and includes logistics 4.0 inside Industry 4.0, along with case studies. The information in this book is useful worldwide, especially in the Americas, Europe, Turkey, and Japan. It is written for academicians, researchers, practitioners, and students.
Author: Ralf Borndörfer Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319721534 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 334
Book Description
This book promotes the use of mathematical optimization and operations research methods in rail transportation. The editors assembled thirteen contributions from leading scholars to present a unified voice, standardize terminology, and assess the state-of-the-art. There are three main clusters of articles, corresponding to the classical stages of the planning process: strategic, tactical, and operational. These three clusters are further subdivided into five parts which correspond to the main phases of the railway network planning process: network assessment, capacity planning, timetabling, resource planning, and operational planning. Individual chapters cover: Simulation Capacity Assessment Network Design Train Routing Robust Timetabling Event Scheduling Track Allocation Blocking Shunting Rolling Stock Crew Scheduling Dispatching Delay Propagation
Author: Baichuan Mo Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 104
Book Description
Urban rail transit is an important component of transportation systems and plays a critical role in providing smooth and efficient mobility in many metropolitan areas. Network performance monitoring, i.e. assessing the level of service and operation information of the network (e.g. train loads), is a fundamental task for urban rail transit management. The objective of this thesis is to develop a data-driven network performance model (NPM) for urban rail system performance monitoring. Specifically, this work focuses on two major components of the NPM: 1) a network loading engine which takes train movement data, origin-destination (OD) flows, network, train capacity, and path choices as inputs, and outputs performance indicators such as train loads and crowding levels, and 2) a calibration engine which can estimate path choice and train capacity parameters using automatically collected data. The automated fare collection (AFC) and train movement data from Hong Kong’s Mass Rail Transit (MTR) network are used as a case study for the analysis. An event-based network loading engine is proposed. The model can distribute passengers in the network given OD demand, path choices, train capacity with a capacity constraint, and a first-come-first-board criterion. The event-based is computationally efficient while retaining the necessary performance information, which enables it to be applied with largescale urban rail systems. An effective train capacity model is proposed, which assumes that train capacity is a function of train load and number of queuing passengers on platforms. The model recognizes that train capacity may vary across stations, which is seldom considered in the literature. The use of NPM for performance monitoring is demonstrated by analyzing the spatial-temporal crowding patterns in the MTR system and evaluating dispatching strategies. The model is validated by comparing its outputs (with effective capacity) with field observations at a busy station and the outputs of a benchmark fixed-capacity model. Results show that the output of the model matches the ground truth observations well and outperform the benchmark model. NPM is also used to identify crowding stations and evaluate different dispatching strategies. To calibrate path choices, an assignment-based path choice estimation framework using AFC data is proposed. The framework captures the crowding correlation among stations and the interaction between path choices and passenger denied boarding, which are usually neglected in the literature. The path choice estimation is formulated as an optimization problem, which attempts to minimize the error between assignment outputs (which is a function of path choices) and the corresponding quantities observed from the AFC data. The original problem is intractable because of a non-linear multinomial logit equation constraint. and a non-analytical black-box function constraint (i.e. assignment model). A solution procedure is proposed to decompose the original problem into three tractable sub-problems: rough path shares estimation, choice parameters estimation, and path exit rates estimation. The sub-problems can all be solved efficiently. We prove the solution of the decomposed problem is equivalent to the original problem under certain conditions. The model is validated using both synthetic data and real-world AFC data. Results from synthetic data show estimated path choice parameters are very close to the “true” (synthetic) ones. The proposed method outperforms the benchmark models in both the convergence rate and final solutions quality. Results from real-world data show the estimated coefficients are similar to the previous survey results. The model’s robustness is verified through a sensitivity analysis. As the observed information in AFC data may also be affected by train capacity, a simultaneous calibration of path choices and train capacity is more reasonable than calibrating one set of parameters alone. We propose a simulation-based optimization (SBO) framework to calibrate path choices and train capacity simultaneously using AFC and train movement data. The calibration problem is formulated as an optimization problem with a black-box objective function. Seven optimizers (solving algorithms) from four brunches of SBO solving methods are evaluated. The algorithms are evaluated using an experimental design that includes five scenarios, representing different degrees of path choice randomness and crowding sensitivity. Results show that some of the algorithms can estimate the path choice and train capacity parameters well. In general, the response surface methods have better convergence speed, stability, and estimation accuracy. They exhibit consistently good performance under all scenarios. Future research directions include: 1) Developing a more efficient simultaneous path choices and train capacity calibration framework. The proposed SBO framework in this work is not computationally efficient due to a large number of expensive simulation-based function evaluations. Modifying the assignment-based framework to incorporate co-calibration is an interesting direction. 2) Developing a behavior-based effective train capacity model that incorporates passengers’ willingness to board explicitly. 3) Extending the NPM for realtime operation control and future planning. A reinforcement learning-based control engine and an automated timetable design engine can be added to the current NPM framework to enable control and planning applications, respectively.
Author: Daniel Pulido Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: 146481273X Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 845
Book Description
Cities across the globe are looking to develop affordable, environmentally friendly, and socially responsible transportation solutions that can meet the accessibility needs of expanding metropolitan populations and support future economic and urban development. When appropriately planned and properly implemented as part of a larger public transportation network, urban rail systems can provide rapid mobility and vital access to city centers from surrounding districts. High-performing urban rail services, when carefully approached as development projects, can help enhance quality of life by giving citizens access to employment opportunities, essential services, urban amenities, and neighboring communities. The purpose of this Handbook is to synthesize and disseminate knowledge to inform the planning, implementation, and operations of urban rail projects with a view towards: -- Emphasizing the need for early studies and project planning; -- Making projects more sustainable (economically, socially, and environmentally); -- Improving socioeconomic returns and access to opportunities for users; -- Maximizing the value of private participation, where appropriate; and -- Building capacity within project implementing and managing institutions This Handbook provides experiential advice to tackle the technical, institutional, and financial challenges faced by decision makers considering urban rail projects. It brings together the expertise of World Bank staff and the input of numerous specialists to synthesize international 'good practices' and recommendations that are independent of commercial, financial political, or other interests. The material presented is intended as an honest-broker guide to maximize the impact and manage the challenges of urban rail systems in cities in both developed and developing countries. Rather than identify a single approach, this Handbook acknowledges the complexities and context necessary when approaching an urban rail development by helping to prepare decision makers to ask the right questions, consider the key issues, perform the necessary studies, apply adequate tools, and learn from international good practice all at the right time in the project development process.
Author: Yihui Wang
Author: Yihui Wang
Author: Bart Henri Karel De Schutter
Author: Marco Guerrieri
Author: Hamid Khayyam
Author: Xiang Li
Author: Philip G. Howlett
Author: Eren Ozceylan
Author: Ralf Borndörfer
Author: Baichuan Mo
Author: Daniel Pulido