Onset Density and Inhibitory Effects on Lexical Access in Speech Production PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Onset Density and Inhibitory Effects on Lexical Access in Speech Production PDF full book. Access full book title Onset Density and Inhibitory Effects on Lexical Access in Speech Production by . Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Lexical access in speech production involves multiple processing stages, beginning with the mental generation of a target concept and ending with a speaker's articulation of the target word. The current study aimed to explore the influence of competition and inhibition on the process of lexical access. In particular, the position of phonological overlap between a target word (e.g., lip) and its neighbors (e.g., lid vs. sip) was investigated for its influence on picture naming. It was hypothesized that greater inhibitory effects and slower response times in participants' naming would be observed for target words that have a predominance of neighbors which are onset related compared to those which are rhyme related. In addition, it was predicted that there would be a strong relationship between performance on the naming task and several inhibition tasks due to the common role of inhibition across tasks. Twenty-five native English participants completed a picture naming task, two language based inhibition tasks, and two non-language inhibition tasks. Participants' response times were recorded for incongruent/dense and congruent/sparse trials, and mean difference scores were examined to determine the inhibition effect sizes. The results showed that response times for dense onset trials were significantly slower than sparse onset trials, thereby supporting the first hypothesis. Inter-task correlation results, however, did not provide support for the second hypothesis that inhibition capacity would be common to different tasks. Factors such as varying task characteristics, modality of stimulus presentation, length of testing session, task counterbalancing, perceived task difficulty, and allocation of cognitive effort are discussed as having contributed to the lack of significant correlations.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Lexical access in speech production involves multiple processing stages, beginning with the mental generation of a target concept and ending with a speaker's articulation of the target word. The current study aimed to explore the influence of competition and inhibition on the process of lexical access. In particular, the position of phonological overlap between a target word (e.g., lip) and its neighbors (e.g., lid vs. sip) was investigated for its influence on picture naming. It was hypothesized that greater inhibitory effects and slower response times in participants' naming would be observed for target words that have a predominance of neighbors which are onset related compared to those which are rhyme related. In addition, it was predicted that there would be a strong relationship between performance on the naming task and several inhibition tasks due to the common role of inhibition across tasks. Twenty-five native English participants completed a picture naming task, two language based inhibition tasks, and two non-language inhibition tasks. Participants' response times were recorded for incongruent/dense and congruent/sparse trials, and mean difference scores were examined to determine the inhibition effect sizes. The results showed that response times for dense onset trials were significantly slower than sparse onset trials, thereby supporting the first hypothesis. Inter-task correlation results, however, did not provide support for the second hypothesis that inhibition capacity would be common to different tasks. Factors such as varying task characteristics, modality of stimulus presentation, length of testing session, task counterbalancing, perceived task difficulty, and allocation of cognitive effort are discussed as having contributed to the lack of significant correlations.
Author: Shirley-Ann Rueschemeyer Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0191090433 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 1298
Book Description
The ability to communicate quickly and flexibly through both spoken and written language is one of the defining characteristics of the human race. Yet it remains a mysterious process. The science of psycholinguistics attempts to uncover the mechanisms and representations underlying human language. This interdisciplinary field has seen massive developments over the last decades, with a broad expansion of the research base, and the incorporation of new experimental techniques such as brain imaging and computational modelling. The result is that real progress is being made in the understanding of the key components of language in the mind. This new and expanded edition of The Oxford Handbook of Psycholinguistics brings together the views of over 80 experts in various domains of psycholinguistic research, offering a comprehensive and authoritative review of the field. With contributions from the fields of psychology, linguistics, cognitive neuroscience, attention, genetics, development, and neuropsychology divided into five themed sections, this new edition of The Oxford Handbook of Psycholinguistics is unparalleled in its breadth of coverage. The comprehensive nature of this book coupled with the accessibility of the short chapter format makes this handbook essential reading for students and researchers in the fields of psychology, linguistics and neuroscience.
Author: Jon Andoni Dunabeitia Publisher: Frontiers E-books ISBN: 2889192601 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 113
Book Description
Correct word identification and processing is a prerequisite for accurate reading, and decades of psycholinguistic and neuroscientific research have shown that the magical moments of visual word recognition are short-lived and markedly fast. The time window in which a given letter string passes from being a mere sequence of printed curves and strokes to acquiring the word status takes around one third of a second. In a few hundred milliseconds, a skilled reader recognizes an isolated word and carries out a number of underlying processes, such as the encoding of letter position and letter identity, and lexico-semantic information retrieval. However, the precise manner (and order) in which these processes occur (or co-occur) is a matter of contention subject to empirical research. There’s no agreement regarding the precise timing of some of the essential processes that guide visual word processing, such as precise letter identification, letter position assignment or sub-word unit processing (bigrams, trigrams, syllables, morphemes), among others. Which is the sequence of processes that lead to lexical access? How do these and other processes interact with each other during the early moments of word processing? Do these processes occur in a serial fashion or do they take place in parallel? Are these processes subject to mutual interaction principles? Is feedback allowed for within the earliest stages of word identification? And ultimately, when does the reader’s brain effectively identify a given word? A vast number of questions remain open, and this Research Topic will cover some of them, giving the readership the opportunity to understand how the scientific community faces the problem of modeling the early stages of word identification according to the latest neuroscientific findings. The present Research Topic aimed to combine recent experimental evidence on early word processing from different techniques together with comprehensive reviews of the current work directions, in order to create a landmark forum in which experts in the field defined the state of the art and future directions. We were willing to receive submissions of empirical as well as theoretical and review articles based on different computational and neuroscience-oriented methodologies. We especially encouraged researchers primarily using electrophysiological or magnetoencephalographic techniques as well as eye-tracking to participate, given that these techniques provide us with the opportunity to uncover the mysteries of lexical access allowing for a fine-grained time-course analysis. The main focus of interest concerned the processes that are held within the initial 250-300 milliseconds after word presentation, covering areas that link basic visuo-attentional systems with linguistic mechanisms.
Author: Diane Brentari Publisher: Psychology Press ISBN: 113567034X Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 207
Book Description
This volume explores the grammatical and social contexts for borrowing from various spoken languages into their corresponding sign languages (e.g., from English into ASL). For graduate and professional-level (psycho)linguists and deaf studies specialists
Author: Louis Goldstein Publisher: Walter de Gruyter ISBN: 3110197219 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 693
Book Description
This collection of papers from Eighth Conference on Laboratory Phonology (held in New Haven, CT) explores what laboratory data that can tell us about the nature of speakers' phonological competence and how they acquire it, and outlines models of the human phonological capacity that can meet the challenge of formalizing that competence. The window on the phonological capacity is broadened by including, for the first time in the Laboratory Phonology series, work on signed languages and papers that explicitly compare signed and spoken phonologies. A major focus, cutting across signed and spoken phonologies, is that phonological competence must include both qualitative (or categorical) and quantitative (or variable) knowledge. Theoretical approaches represented in the collection for accommodating these types of knowledge include modularity, dynamical grammars, and probabilistic grammars. A second major focus is on the acquisition of this knowledge. Here the papers pursue the consequences for acquisition of taking into account the richness and variability of the adult systems that provide input to the child. The final focus is on how phonological knowledge guides speech production. Data and models address the question of how speech gestures interact with one another locally (through articulatory constraints and syllable-level organization) and how they interact with the prosodic structure of an utterance. The twenty-six papers in the collection include invited contributions from Diane Brentari, David Corina, David Perlmutter, D. Robert Ladd, Diamandis Gafos, Marilyn Vihman, Shelley Velleman, Stefanie Shattuck-Hufnagel, and Dani Byrd.
Author: Larry Fenson Publisher: Brookes Publishing Company ISBN: 9781557668899 Category : Family & Relationships Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
These NCS scannable Words& Sentences forms tap into parents' day?to?day knowledge about their children's language and communication skills between the ages of 16 and 30 months.
Author: Texas Linguistics Society. Conference Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 0521803853 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 502
Author: 
Author: 
Author: Shirley-Ann Rueschemeyer
Author: Rosemary Lubinski
Author: Daniel George Zuck
Author: Jon Andoni Dunabeitia
Author: Diane Brentari
Author: Louis Goldstein
Author: Larry Fenson
Author: Texas Linguistics Society. Conference
Author: Sachiko Kinoshita