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Author: Publisher: ISBN: 9789279443466 Category : Languages : en Pages : 83
Book Description
The Cooperation and Verification Mechanism (CVM) was set up following the accession of Romania and Bulgaria to the European Union in 2007 to help the two countries deliver improvements in their judicial systems and to tackle corruption. In Bulgaria's case, the CVM had the additional purpose of assisting the country in combating organised crime. Since then, the Commission has reported regularly on the two countries' progress, delivering the most recent progress report in January 2014. In the case of Bulgaria, the Commission found that since its last report in July 2012 this country had made some progress. The report noted that there had been some degree of improvement in appointment procedures and some useful managerial steps taken in the prosecution service and the judiciary.^However, it concluded that overall progress was not yet sufficient and was still fragile, and that public confidence had been eroded by appointments aborted due to integrity issues and the escape of convicted leaders of organised crime from justice, as well as a succession of revelations about political influence on the judicial system. The report also found that there were still very few cases where instances of corruption or organised crime had been brought to a conclusion in court. The report concluded by setting out a range of recommendations for Bulgaria to improve the functioning of its judicial system as well as its performance in the fight against corruption and organised crime. The findings on Romania showed that progress had been made in many areas since the previous CVM reports. The report showed that the record in the key judicial and integrity institutions had remained positive and that necessary and long-awaited legislative changes were still on track.^However, the report also highlighted concerns about judicial independence and noted that there were many examples of resistance to integrity and anti-corruption measures at political and administrative levels. The report found that this mixed picture had consequences for the extent to which the reform process in Romania could be seen as sustainable, given an absence of consensus about the objectives of the CVM nevertheless noted that the resilience of the key anti-corruption institutions in the face of sustained pressure had shown that the reform approach had taken root in significant sections of Romanian society. The report concluded by proposing a range of recommendations for Romania designed to make judicial reforms more sustainable and resilient and step up the fight against corruption.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: 9789279443466 Category : Languages : en Pages : 83
Book Description
The Cooperation and Verification Mechanism (CVM) was set up following the accession of Romania and Bulgaria to the European Union in 2007 to help the two countries deliver improvements in their judicial systems and to tackle corruption. In Bulgaria's case, the CVM had the additional purpose of assisting the country in combating organised crime. Since then, the Commission has reported regularly on the two countries' progress, delivering the most recent progress report in January 2014. In the case of Bulgaria, the Commission found that since its last report in July 2012 this country had made some progress. The report noted that there had been some degree of improvement in appointment procedures and some useful managerial steps taken in the prosecution service and the judiciary.^However, it concluded that overall progress was not yet sufficient and was still fragile, and that public confidence had been eroded by appointments aborted due to integrity issues and the escape of convicted leaders of organised crime from justice, as well as a succession of revelations about political influence on the judicial system. The report also found that there were still very few cases where instances of corruption or organised crime had been brought to a conclusion in court. The report concluded by setting out a range of recommendations for Bulgaria to improve the functioning of its judicial system as well as its performance in the fight against corruption and organised crime. The findings on Romania showed that progress had been made in many areas since the previous CVM reports. The report showed that the record in the key judicial and integrity institutions had remained positive and that necessary and long-awaited legislative changes were still on track.^However, the report also highlighted concerns about judicial independence and noted that there were many examples of resistance to integrity and anti-corruption measures at political and administrative levels. The report found that this mixed picture had consequences for the extent to which the reform process in Romania could be seen as sustainable, given an absence of consensus about the objectives of the CVM nevertheless noted that the resilience of the key anti-corruption institutions in the face of sustained pressure had shown that the reform approach had taken root in significant sections of Romanian society. The report concluded by proposing a range of recommendations for Romania designed to make judicial reforms more sustainable and resilient and step up the fight against corruption.
Author: Caroline Chandler Publisher: ISBN: 9789284624416 Category : Languages : en Pages : 96
Book Description
This study takes stock of the Cooperation and Verification Mechanism (CVM) agreed between the European Commission and Bulgaria and Romania in 2007. It reviews the progress made regarding judicial reform, combatting corruption, and organised crime (in Bulgaria’s case), looks at the measures adopted in response to the latest Commission recommendations, and examines how the CVM has performed overall. The report includes recommendations on the future of the CVM.
Author: Radu Carp Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
This article analyses the relations between the Cooperation and Verification Mechanism, the rule of law, and the principles of subsidiarity and proportionality in relation to Romania as an EU Member State. The European Commission has not provided a definition of the rule of law, but only a theoretical one. Despite this, the way it has influenced in practice many non-EU Member States that have a strong relationship with the EU is significant. The article raises the question whether the EU may demand from EU Member States like Romania that they respect the rule of law. The Cooperation and Verification Mechanism (CVM) was established in 2006, based on Romania's Treaty of Accession. It monitors, by means of periodical Reports, compliance with the rule of law standards. The article analyses two Reports from July 2012 and January 2013, by relating their contents to the principles of proportionality, subsidiarity and the EU obligation to respect the constitutional norms of Member States. The conclusion is that the way the CVM works does not contradict these principles. These CVM Reports also mention the Constitutional Court and the People's Advocate (the Romanian Ombudsman) because these institutions are considered by the European Commission to be fundamental for compliance with rule of law standards - combating high-level corruption and ensuring the independence of the judiciary. The conclusion is that the rule of law is not only a theoretical concept with different meanings at the national level, but that there is also an EU rule of law acquis, which is a specific part of the EU acquis.
Author: Anthony Arnull Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0191653055 Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 950
Book Description
Since its formation the European Union has expanded beyond all expectations, and this expansion seems set to continue as more countries seek accession and the scope of EU law expands, touching more and more aspects of its citizens' lives. The EU has never been stronger and yet it now appears to be reaching a crisis point, beset on all sides by conflict and challenges to its legitimacy. Nationalist sentiment is on the rise and the Eurozone crisis has had a deep and lasting impact. EU law, always controversial, continues to perplex, not least because it remains difficult to analyse. What is the EU? An international organization, or a federation? Should its legal concepts be measured against national standards, or another norm? The Oxford Handbook of European Union Law illuminates the richness and complexity of the debates surrounding the law and policies of the EU. Comprising eight sections, it examines how we are to conceptualize EU law; the architecture of EU law; making and administering EU law; the economic constitution and the citizen; regulation of the market place; economic, monetary, and fiscal union; the Area of Freedom, Security, and Justice; and what lies beyond the regulatory state. Each chapter summarizes, analyses, and reflects on the state of play in a given area, and suggests how it is likely to develop in the foreseeable future. Written by an international team of leading commentators, this Oxford Handbook creates a vivid and provocative tapestry of the key issues shaping the laws of the European Union.
Author: Tanja A. Borzel Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1000112616 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 220
Book Description
This book provides a comprehensive account of the extent to which policies and institutions of the European Union (EU) spread across different contexts. Are the EU’s attempts to transfer its policies and institutions to accession and neighbourhood countries sustainable and effective? To what degree do other regions of the world emulate the EU’s institutional features, what are the mechanisms of, and conditions for, their diffusion? Chapters deal with Europeanization in the new EU member states, particularly in Romania and Bulgaria, in current accession candidates, i.e. the Western Balkans and Turkey, as well the Eastern (Southern Caucasus) and Southern Neighbourhood (Israel and the Maghreb). In addition, authors investigate the diffusion of EU policies and institutions in Sub-Saharan Africa, Asia, and Latin America. The authors place Europeanization studies in the wider context of research on transnational diffusion, and examine the relevant mechanisms and processes, including incentives and capacity-building, socialization and learning as well as functional and normative emulation. Finally, the book discusses what conditions lead to the successful diffusion of European institutions and policies, such as domestic incentives, degrees of (limited) statehood, regime type, and power (a)symmetries. This book was originally published as a special issue of West European Politics.
Author: Adam Lazowski Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing ISBN: 1782544747 Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 519
Book Description
Research Handbook on EU Institutional Law offers a critical look into the European Union: its legal foundations, competences and institutions. It provides an analysis of the EU legal system, its application at the national level and the prevalent role of the Court of Justice. Throughout the course of the Handbook the expert contributors discuss whether the European Union is well equipped for the 21st century and the numerous crises it has to handle. They revisit the call for an EU reform made in the Laeken Conclusions in 2001 to verify if its objectives have been achieved by the Treaty of Lisbon and in daily practice of the EU institutions. The book also delves into the concept of a Europe of different speeds, which - according to some - is inevitable in the EU comprising 28 Member States. Overall, the assessment of the changes introduced by the Lisbon Treaty is positive, even if there are plenty of suggestions for further reforms to re-fit the EU for purpose.
Author: 
Author: 
Author: Commission of the European Communities
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Author: Caroline Chandler
Author: European Commission
Author: Radu Carp
Author: Anthony Arnull
Author: Commission of the European Communities
Author: Tanja A. Borzel
Author: Adam Lazowski