Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Environmental impact analysis
Languages : en
Pages : 50

View

Book Description

Author:
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 9780821339237
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 184

View

Book Description
China is in the throes of two transitions: from a command economy to a market-based one and from a rural, agricultural society to an urban, industrial one. So far, both transitions have been spectacularly successful. China is the fastest-growing economy in the world, with per capita incomes more than quadrupling since 1978, achieving in two generations what took other countries centuries. Although swift growth and structural change have resolved many problems, they also have created new challenges: employment insecurity, growing inequality, stubborn poverty, mounting environmental pressures, rising costs of food self-sufficiency, and periods of macroeconomic instability stemming from incomplete reforms. Unmet, these challenges could undermine the sustainability of growth, and China's promise could fade. China 2020, a seven-volume set, examines China's recent history, where it is today, and the path it should follow during the first two decades of the 21st century. The volume in the set entitled, Old Age Security: Pension Reform in China highlights two severe difficulties with China's current pension system: the urgent and immediate problem of the pension burden placed on state-owned enterprises, and the longer-term predicament arising from a rapidly aging population. State enterprises inherited heavy pension obligations from the central planning era. With the transition to a market economy, employment in the state enterprise sector is declining, while the number of pensioners is rising rapidly. The study recommends a unified pension system that includes both mandatory funded individual accounts and a social insurance scheme. It also endorses a sustainable contribution rate that attaches considerable importance to long-term financial viability (more than 60 years) and examines the risks associated with low compliance rates and low interest rates.

Author: Ismail Serageldin
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 9780821342657
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 284

View

Book Description
The theme for the fifth annual Environmentally and Socially Sustainable Development Conference was the scientific, legal, and economic requirements of global ecosystem management. This volume presents readings and examines the outcomes from this conference. The objectives were to engage external experts and Bank managers and staff; to provide a unique opportunity for major professional groups to interact on the requirements to link scientific, economic, and legal solutions for global ecosystem management at the country level; and to promote understanding as to how best practice and innovations can be used for shared ecosystem management in sustainable development planning.

Author: International Monetary Fund
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1451839901
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 38

View

Book Description
This 1999 Article IV Consultation highlights that during 1990–98, St. Vincent and the Grenadines’ real annual GDP growth and inflation averaged 4 percent and 3 percent, respectively. Tourism’s importance to the economy grew, and agriculture’s fell, with other sectors’ contributions remaining relatively stable. In 1999, real GDP growth and inflation are expected to slow to about 4 percent and 2 percent, respectively. The overall public sector surplus is expected to increase slightly about 1 percent of GDP.

Author: UNESCO. Office of the Caribbean
Publisher: UNESCO
ISBN: 9231041541
Category : Coastal zone management
Languages : en
Pages : 145

View

Book Description

Author: International Monetary Fund
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 145181173X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 97

View

Book Description
The Eastern Caribbean Currency Union (ECCU) countries financial system has increasingly come under stress particularly through weakly supervised nonbank and offshore financial sectors with knock-on effects to domestic banks. The staff report focuses on ECCU’s 2009 discussion on common policies of member countries on economic development and policies. In response, ECCU authorities have accelerated the establishment of national Single Regulatory Units and the passage of harmonized legislation to strengthen then regulation and supervision of nonbanks and offshore institutions.

Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264684743
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 161

View

Book Description
Eastern Caribbean countries enjoy rich natural endowments and have achieved significant economic development. Throughout the last decades, they have also been confronted with a number of rising economic, social and environmental challenges.

Author: Thomas Sterner
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317703863
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 707

View

Book Description
Thomas Sterner's book is an attempt to encourage more widespread and careful use of economic policy instruments. The book compares the accumulated experiences of the use of economic policy instruments in the U.S. and Europe, as well as in rich and poor countries in Asia, Africa, and Latin America. Ambitious in scope, it discusses the design of instruments that can be employed in any country in a wide range of contexts, including transportation, industrial pollution, water pricing, waste, fisheries, forests, and agriculture. While deeply rooted in economics, Policy Instruments for Environmental and Natural Resource Management is informed by political, legal, ecological, and psychological research. The new edition enhances what has already been widely hailed as a highly innovative work. The book includes greatly expanded coverage of climate change, covering aspects related to policy design, international equity and discounting, voluntary carbon markets, permit trading in United States, and the Clean Development Mechanism. Focusing ever more on leading ideas in both theory and policy, the new edition brings experimental economics into the main of its discussions. It features expanded coverage of the monitoring and enforcement of environmental policy, technological change, the choice of policy instruments under imperfect competition, and subjects such as corporate social responsibility, bio-fuels, payments for ecosystem services, and REDD.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Environmental policy
Languages : en
Pages : 54

View

Book Description

Author: David L. Edgell, Sr
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1136772871
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 178

View

Book Description
Intelligently designed tourism strategies for the twenty-first century! Successful tourism development and marketing are dependent on maintaining a delicate balance between economic growth and the protection of environments. Managing Sustainable Tourism: A Legacy for the Future tackles the tough issues of tourism such as negative environmental impact and cultural degradation, and provides answers that don’t sacrifice positive economic growth. This essential book offers practical plans for fostering harmonious relationships among local communities, the private sector, not-for-profit organizations, academic institutions, and governments at all levels as well as develops management practices and philosophies that protect natural, built, and cultural environments while reinforcing positive and orderly economic growth. Managing Sustainable Tourism discusses in-depth the sensible guidelines for protecting environment, heritage sites, and local culture while developing realistic tourism goals for compatible economic growth. Useful strategies for sustainable tourism are detailed for each tourism type, along with useful tried-and-true marketing techniques aimed at cooperation and respect for all types of environments. Case studies, research, and supplemental reading lists clearly illustrate ideas and the author’s qualified suggestions. Managing Sustainable Tourism explores: the future of the tourism industry understanding sustainable tourism the economics of community growth through tourism marketing the sustainable tourism product nature tourism heritage tourism cultural tourism rural tourism practical guidelines for sustainable tourism a workable global sustainable tourism initiative Managing Sustainable Tourism is an ideal resource for educators, students, developers, entrepreneurs, investors, tourism strategists, planners, policymakers, and anyone interested in sustainable tourism for the new millennium.