Observations on Occupation and Military Governance PDF Download

Author: Naval War Naval War College
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN: 9781522902362
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 24

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Book Description
Prior to the current Global War on Terror (GWOT), the United States military had not participated in occupation and military governance mission on as a massive a scale as that experienced in World War II. From that period on until the start of the GWOT, the military had either forgotten this experience or chosen to avoid this type of mission wherever possible. Since the start of the GWOT, and in particular the occupation of Iraq, the U.S. military has entered a period of resurgent study and production of doctrine, now under the current moniker of Stabilization, Security, Transition, and Reconstruction. Those who work at the operational level can benefit from studying the two seemingly disparate occupation missions in post-WWII Germany and Japan. By reviewing with a simple ends, ways, and means analysis, a few keys to success begin to emerge: the establishment of a base educational level in SSRT operations for officers; the importance of placing enough "boots on the ground" in order to fill any potential security vacuum and pacify a territory; the creation and employment of specialized teams (i.e., military government teams) in sufficient quantities; and the concept of "indirect rule" in order to empower a defeated populace to rebuild itself.

Author: Naval War Naval War College
Publisher: CreateSpace
ISBN: 9781511965194
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 24

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Book Description
Prior to the current Global War on Terror (GWOT), the United States military had not participated in occupation and military governance mission on as a massive a scale as that experienced in World War II. From that period on until the start of the GWOT, the military had either forgotten this experience or chosen to avoid this type of mission wherever possible. Since the start of the GWOT, and in particular the occupation of Iraq, the U.S. military has entered a period of resurgent study and production of doctrine, now under the current moniker of Stabilization, Security, Transition, and Reconstruction. Those who work at the operational level can benefit from studying the two seemingly disparate occupation missions in post-WWII Germany and Japan. By reviewing with a simple ends, ways, and means analysis, a few keys to success begin to emerge: the establishment of a base educational level in SSRT operations for officers; the importance of placing enough "boots on the ground" in order to fill any potential security vacuum and pacify a territory; the creation and employment of specialized teams (i.e., military government teams) in sufficient quantities; and the concept of "indirect rule" in order to empower a defeated populace to rebuild itself.

Author: Duccio Basosi
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
ISBN: 1443876895
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 230

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Book Description
Six decades after the end of the occupation of mainland Japan, this volume approaches the theme of the occupation’s legacies. Rather than just being a matter of administrative practices and international relations, the consequences of the US occupation of Japan transcended both the seven years of its formal duration and the bilateral relations between the two countries. Rich with fresh analyses on a range of topics, including transnational and comparative views on the occupation, the influence of Japan on the United States as well as the reverse, international perspectives on this “odd couple”, and the memory of the occupation in both countries, this book provides a greater understanding of the transtemporal, transnational and transcultural legacies of one of the crucial events of the 20th century.

Author: Dayna L. Barnes
Publisher: Cornell University Press
ISBN: 1501707833
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 320

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Book Description
The Allied occupation of Japan is remembered as the "good occupation." An American-led coalition successfully turned a militaristic enemy into a stable and democratic ally. Of course, the story was more complicated, but the occupation did forge one of the most enduring relationships in the postwar world. Recent events, from the occupations of Iraq and Afghanistan to protests over American bases in Japan to increasingly aggressive territorial disputes between Asian nations over islands in the Pacific, have brought attention back to the subject of the occupation of Japan.In Architects of Occupation, Dayna L. Barnes exposes the wartime origins of occupation policy and broader plans for postwar Japan. She considers the role of presidents, bureaucrats, think tanks, the media, and Congress in policymaking. Members of these elite groups came together in an informal policy network that shaped planning. Rather than relying solely on government reports and records to understand policymaking, Barnes also uses letters, memoirs, diaries, and manuscripts written by policymakers to trace the rise and spread of ideas across the policy network. The book contributes a new facet to the substantial literature on the occupation, serves as a case study in foreign policy analysis, and tells a surprising new story about World War II.

Author: 竹前栄治
Publisher: Burns & Oates
ISBN:
Category : Japan
Languages : en
Pages : 808

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Book Description
Japan's success in charting a new course in the years following World War II stems from the reforming impetus of GHQ/SCAP, Headquarters of the American-led allied occupation that indirectly governed the nation for nearly seven years. This is the story of the reforms of the Occupation period and of the remarkable men and women, Japanese and American, who implemented them. Professor Takemae introduces material on the wartime origins of Occupation policies, the British Commonwealth Force, the Kurils, Okinawa the Korean minority, A-bomb survivors, war crimes, the Constitution Education, and Health and Welfare.

Author: Major Eric S. Fowler
Publisher: Pickle Partners Publishing
ISBN: 1782895906
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 100

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Book Description
Sun Tzu asserts that success is not winning every battle fought, but subduing the enemy’s will without fighting. Nevertheless, modern military thought fails to distinguish an enemy’s will-to-fight from their means to do so, limiting the ways military leaders apply operational art, problem framing, and conflict termination in pursuit of strategic objectives. The author asserts that gaining and maintaining a position of relative advantage for favorable conflict resolution requires leaders to understand the enemy’s will-to-fight with equal fidelity as their means. This study examines U.S. planning efforts for post-WWII Japan from 1942 to 1945, focusing on the options planners possessed to achieve their ends; their choice to safeguard the Japanese Emperor; their understanding of the Japanese will-to-fight; and the way planners developed that understanding. The record reveals that-despite more forceful options-planners favored safeguarding the Imperial Institution; planners considered the Japanese people’s will-to-fight as inexorably linked to the condition of their Sovereign, increasing in response to threats against Japanese national identity; and planners developed this understanding through discourse among experts in diplomacy, military governance, political culture, anthropology, and military intelligence. The implication-an enemy’s will-to-fight can be targeted separate from their means and doing so may not require fighting.

Author: J. Willoughby
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 0312299567
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 197

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Book Description
Remaking the Conquering Heroes shows that American policymakers and Army officers had to confront and take control over a lawless US military in the aftermath of World War II. Money laundering, theft, racial antagonism between black and white GIs, unregulated sex, and high rates of venereal disease threatened to undermine American authority in occupied Germany as much as Soviet-American conflict. Willoughby argues that it was the creative, if disorganized, reaction of American officials in Germany that helped create both a foreign policy framework and more inclusive, familial military establishment capable of consolidating and extending US power during the Cold War.

Author: Christine de Matos
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1137408111
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 306

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Book Description
Japan as the Occupier and the Occupied examines transwar political, military and social transitions in Japan and various territories that it controlled, including Korea, Borneo, Singapore, Manchuria and China, before and after August 1945. This approach allows a more nuanced understanding of Japan's role as occupier and occupied to emerge.

Author: Walter M. Hudson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Book Description
The United States Army became the dominant U.S. government agency for post-World War II occupation planning. Despite President Roosevelt's own misgivings, shared by several influential members of his Cabinet, the Army nonetheless prevailed in shaping occupation policy in accordance with its understanding and priorities. The Army's primacy resulted from its own cultural and organizational imperatives, to include its drive towards professionalization and its acceptance of legalized standards for conflict in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Other related factors included the Army's ability to create coherent internal doctrine, the training and experience of its leaders, the relative weakness of comparative civilian agencies, the real-world experiences of civil affairs in North Africa in 1942-43, and the personality and leadership style of President Roosevelt himself. As a result, the Army created internal training and education, doctrine, and organizations that operated both at the strategic and tactical level to implement military government in accordance with the Army's institutional understanding. The Army's planning and implementation of military government in Germany, Austria, and Korea show the effects of the Army's dominance in planning and implementing the postwar occupations. Furthermore, in these three occupations (unlike Japan's), of particular concern were how the Americans interacted with their Soviet counterparts in the occupied territories at the beginning of the Cold War. As these three occupations reveal, American military government in those locations, as well as the actions of the occupants themselves, profoundly shaped American interests in those countries and thus profoundly shaped American policy during the early Cold War.

Author: Grant Kohn Goodman
Publisher: Fordham Univ Press
ISBN: 9780823225156
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 188

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Book Description
"This book is not only a personal chronicle of Grant Goodman's unique experience in Japan. Moving deftly between his role as an Army officer gathering essential information and as a young scholar fascinated by Japanese culture, he provides a vividly drawn portrait of daily life in occupied Tokyo." "Here he looks back at signal events: Japan's responses to occupation, the writing of the new constitution and the de-deification of the Emperor, the International Military Tribunal and the issue of Japanese war crimes, reactions by ordinary Japanese to American occupiers, and much more."