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Author: O.T. Soerensen Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0323149804 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 454
Book Description
Nonstoichiometric Oxides discusses the thermodynamic and structural studies of nonstoichiometric oxides. This eight-chapter text also covers the defect-defect interactions in these compounds. The introductory chapters describe the thermodynamic properties of nonstoichiometric oxides in terms of defect complexes using the classical thermodynamic principles and from a statistical thermodynamics point of view. These chapters also include statistical thermodynamic models that indicate the ordered nonstoichiometric phase range in these oxides. The subsequent chapters examine the transport properties, such as diffusion and electrical conductivity. Diffusion theories and experimental diffusion coefficients for several systems, as well as the electrical properties of the highly defective ionic and mixed oxide conductor, are specifically tackled in these chapters. The concluding chapters present the pertinent results obtained in nonstoichiometric oxide structural studies using high-resolution electron microscopy and X-ray and neutron diffraction. Inorganic chemists and inorganic chemistry teachers and students will greatly appreciate this book.
Author: O.T. Soerensen Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0323149804 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 454
Book Description
Nonstoichiometric Oxides discusses the thermodynamic and structural studies of nonstoichiometric oxides. This eight-chapter text also covers the defect-defect interactions in these compounds. The introductory chapters describe the thermodynamic properties of nonstoichiometric oxides in terms of defect complexes using the classical thermodynamic principles and from a statistical thermodynamics point of view. These chapters also include statistical thermodynamic models that indicate the ordered nonstoichiometric phase range in these oxides. The subsequent chapters examine the transport properties, such as diffusion and electrical conductivity. Diffusion theories and experimental diffusion coefficients for several systems, as well as the electrical properties of the highly defective ionic and mixed oxide conductor, are specifically tackled in these chapters. The concluding chapters present the pertinent results obtained in nonstoichiometric oxide structural studies using high-resolution electron microscopy and X-ray and neutron diffraction. Inorganic chemists and inorganic chemistry teachers and students will greatly appreciate this book.
Author: Speranta Tanasescu Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand ISBN: 1789854512 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 104
Book Description
The interrelation among composition, microstructure, and properties of stoichiometric and nonstoichiometric compounds is a major field of research for both scientific and technological reasons. As such, this book focuses on metal oxides, which present a large diversity of electrical, magnetic, optical, optoelectronic, thermal, electrochemical, and catalytic properties, making them suitable for a wide range of applications. By bringing together scientific contributions with special emphasis on the interrelations between materials chemistry, processing, microstructures, and properties of stoichiometric and nonstoichiometric metal oxides, this book highlights the importance of tightly integrating high-throughput experiments (including both synthesis and characterization) and efficient and robust theory for the design of advanced materials.
Author: Andrzej Stokłosa Publisher: Trans Tech Publications Ltd ISBN: 3036415424 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 485
Book Description
The advancement of material engineering over the last few decades has allowed for the development of modern metallic and ceramic construction materials, composites, nanomaterials and various kinds of coatings with desired performance characteristics. They form the basis for the development of the automotive industry, the aviation industry, the chemical equipment industry, etc. They can function in ever higher temperatures and aggressive environments. On the other hand, the advancement of electronics requires the development of new and cheaper materials: semiconductors, insulators, materials with magnetic, ferrimagnetic or piezoelectric properties, etc. The desired properties of materials or their surface layers depend on chemical composition, dopants, and the concentration of point defects, through which the transport of ions and electrons takes place. The functional properties also depend on the nuances of production technologies which allow to obtain a specific texture and a desired concentration of ionic and electronic point defects. The monograph follows up on the issues related to the concentration of charge carriers in pure and doped oxides. Based on the diagrams of the concentration of point defects, the calculation results of the concentration of charge carriers and their mobility are presented, using the results of the studies on the electrical conductivity and the thermoelectric power in some specific oxides of 3d metals. In turn, the results of calculations of the ionic defect diffusion coefficients, conducted using the coefficients of self-diffusion and chemical diffusion as well as the concentration of ionic defects in these oxides, are presented. The given material will be useful to a wide range of researchers and developers of new materials with a wide range of required properties.
Author: Andrzej Stokłosa Publisher: Trans Tech Publications Ltd ISBN: 3038266086 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 577
Book Description
In the present work, in Part I, new elements widening the bases of the defects theory are shown; particularly, this work discusses the mechanism of the formation of defects as a result of elementary processes; the work also presents a description of the equilibrium state by one equation, taking into account the concentrations of defects and their changes during the process of reaching the equilibrium. The equation relates the concentrations of defects, dependent on the standard Gibbs energies of their formation, with the equilibrium pressure of oxygen. The obtained relations and the discussion have lead to the development of a method for determination of complete diagrams of concentrations of the point defects, which allows taking into account the minority defects. Part II presents the results of the calculations of the diagrams of point defects’ concentrations for a series of pure and doped oxides of transition metals 3d, with different composition (M/O ratio), crystallographic structure and point defects’ structure. A critical analysis of the results of the studies of the deviation from the stoichiometry and the electrical conductivity, obtained (so far) by most research groups has been also performed. A new interpretation of these results, concerning concentrations and types of ionic defects present has been performed and the mobility of electronic defects and its dependence on the temperature and oxygen pressure have been determined.
Author: Koji Kosuge Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0191661139 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 273
Book Description
This unified presentation of the chemistry of non-stoichiometric compounds is the first monograph on the subject for two decades. Based on statistical thermodynamics and structural inorganic chemistry, with descriptions of modern examples and applications, this will be useful to both researchers in industry and undergraduates in solid state chemistry and physics.
Author: J. Nowotny Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9400909438 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 574
Book Description
The material in this book is based on invited and contributed pa pers presented at the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on INon-stoichio l metric Compounds held in Ringberg Castle, Rottach-Egern (Bavarian Alps), Germany, July 3-9, 1988. The workshop followed previous meetings held in Mogilany, Poland (1980), Alenya, France (1982), Penn State, USA (1984) and Keele University, UK (1986). The aim of these workshops is to present and discuss up-to-date knowledge in the study of non-stoichiometry and its effect on materials properties as well as to indicate the most urgent research pathways required in this field. Since the subject of non-stoichiometry is interdisciplinary, the workshops bring together solid state physicists and chemists, surface scientists, materials scientists, ceramists and metallurgists. The present workshop, which gathered 42 scientists of an inter national reputation, mainly considered the effect of surfaces, grain boundaries and structural defects on materials properties. From discus sions during this meeting it emerged that correct understanding of properties of ceramic materials requires urgent studies on the defect structure of the interface region. Progress in this direction requires the development of the interface defect chemistry. This is the task for materials scientists in the near future. The present proceedings includes both theoretical and experimen tal work on general aspects of non-stoichiometry, defect structure and diffusion in relation to the bulk and to the interface region of such materials as high tech ceramics, solid electrolytes, electronic cera mics, nuclear materials and high Tc oxide superconductors.
Author: A.I. Gusev Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3662045826 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 618
Book Description
Deals with the influence of stoiciometry and order/disorder on materials properties. It summarizes the knowledge available in a comprehensive way.
Author: George Simkovich Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1461325196 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 548
Book Description
Prior to the 9th International Conference on Reactivity Solids in Krakow, Poland a group of about 25 international scientists held a special conference entitled "Transport in Nonstoichiometric Compounds" in late Aug. 1980 in Mogilany, Poland (near Krakow). This conference was well received in view of the interaction between the participants, as well as the resulting publication of the proceedings (Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, 1982, edited by J. Nowotny). At this first conference the participants decided that it would be desirable to organize similar conferences at about two year intervals. Thus, a second meeting was held in late June, early July at Alenya, Pyrenees Orientales, France. This conference had a larger number of participants, about 50, but still managed to promote excellent interaction between all the participants. These proceedings, with editors G. Petot-Ervas, Hj. Matzke and C. Monty, have also been published by Elsevier as a special edition of the journal, Solid State lonics, Vol. 12 (1984). In view of the success of the initial two conferences, a third meeting was organized and held at The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA., 16802, U.S.A. from 11 June 84 to 15 June 84. The proceedings of this conference are presented in the following text.
Author: O.T. Soerensen
Author: O.T. Soerensen
Author: Speranta Tanasescu
Author: Andrzej Stokłosa
Author: Andrzej Stokłosa
Author: Koji Kosuge
Author: W. A. Young
Author: J. Nowotny
Author: A.I. Gusev
Author: George Simkovich
Author: Charles Richard Arthur Catlow