National Aquatic Animal Health and Biosecurity Strategy – FAO project TCP/MIC/3603/C2 for The Federated States of Micronesia PDF Download

Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN: 9251329710
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 66

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Book Description
This report documents the accomplishments of the FAO Project TCP/MIC/3603/C2 – “National Aquatic Animal Health and Biosecurity Strategy” that was implemented in 2019 for the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM). These include the following: (i) Round-table discussions on aquaculture development, biosecurity legislation, aquatic animal health and aquaculture biosecurity (21–22 May 2019); (ii) Technical Seminar on Basic Aquatic Animal Health and Aquaculture Biosecurity (23 May 2019); (iii) National Consultation on Aquaculture Development, Biosecurity Legislation, Aquatic Animal Health (24 May 2019); and (iv) Introductory training course on risk analysis within the Progressive Management Pathway for Improving Aquaculture Biosecurity (PMP/AB) (27–28 May 2019). The various activities undertaken during the field mission provided the basis for drafting the National Strategy on Aquatic Animal Health (NSAAH) and the National Aquatic Pathogen List (NAPL) for FSM. There is a need to conduct another round of national consultations in order to generate feedback prior to finalizing the documents and approval. The next step will be to incorporate them into the government’s policy documents and work with partners for joint resource mobilization to support implementation. The report also contains a list of recommendations that the Government of FSM should consider to improve capacities in aquatic animal health and aquaculture biosecurity.

Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN: 9251332126
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 64

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Book Description
The Federated States of Micronesia’s National Strategy on Aquatic Animal Health 2021–2024, a broad and comprehensive strategy to build and enhance capacity for the management of national aquaculture biosecurity and aquatic animal health, was developed under FAO’s Project TCP/MIC/3603/C2: “National Aquatic Animal Health and Biosecurity Strategy”. The FSM’s NSAAH has taken into consideration a new initiative that FAO and partners have developed – the Progressive Management Pathway for Improving Aquaculture Biosecurity (PMP/AB). The application of the NSAAH has now expanded to fit as an important element of the PMP/AB.This initial strategy document outlines 15 major Programmes that will assist in developing a national approach to overall management of national aquaculture biosecurity and aquatic animal health. To complete this draft document, the Competent Authority (the Department of Resources and Development, R&D) should review the brief summaries of key projects suggested to be of immediate high priority to be accomplished under each of the 15 Programmes, modifying or adding to these as appropriate. The R&D will also need to develop an associated Implementation Plan for the National Strategy on Aquatic Animal Health (NSAAH) that identifies the activities that must be accomplished, the responsible sector(s) (government, private sector, and/or academia), the key staff, details of each project, the time-frame and an associated budget and source of funding (government, private sector, or other source). It is expected that progress toward completion of the various Projects will be reviewed on a regular basis and, beginning in 2023, the NSAAH and its Implementation Plan will be revised and renewed on a 5-year basis. At these intervals, and as national aquaculture development and aquatic biosecurity progresses through completion of Projects, new Programmes and Projects will be added. As an evolving and living document, the NSAAH will contain the national action plans for short-, medium- and long-term phased implementation based on national priorities.The 15 Programmes included in this NSAAH for 2021–2024 are: Programme 1: Policy, Legislation and Enforcement; Programme 2: Risk Analysis; Programme 3: National Aquatic Pathogen List; Programme 4: Border Inspection and Quarantine; Programme 5: Diagnostics; Programme 6: Farm-level Biosecurity and Health Management; Programme 7: Veterinary Drugs and Avoidance of Antimicrobial Resistance; Programme 8: Surveillance, Monitoring and Reporting; Programme 9: Communication and Information System; Programme 10: Emergency Preparedness and Contingency Planning; Programme 11: Research and Development; Programme 12: Institutional Structure (including Infrastructure); Programme 13: Human Resources and Institutional Capacity Development; Programme 14: Regional and International Cooperation; and Programme 15: Ecosystem Health.

Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN: 9251379831
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 114

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Book Description
The PMP/AB refers to a pathway aimed at enhancing aquaculture biosecurity by building on existing frameworks, capacity and appropriate tools using risk-based approaches and public-private sector partnerships. It is expected to result in sustainable (i) reduction in burden of diseases; (ii) improvement of aquatic health and welfare at farm, national and regional levels; (iii) minimization of global spread of diseases; (iv) optimization of socio-economic benefits from aquaculture; (v) attraction of investment opportunities into aquaculture; and (vi) achievement of One Health goals. In the context of the PMP/AB, biosecurity refers to the cost-effective management of risks posed by pathogens to aquaculture through a strategic approach at the enterprise, local-sector, national and international levels with shared public-private responsibilities. This guidance document for PMP/AB application contains the rationale, vision, mission, scope, goals and benefits of the PMP/AB. The four stages of the PMP/AB are described in detail, including the overall objectives and key outcomes to complete each stage. It also presents a general stepwise process and recommended activities for completing the different stages. The PMP/AB checklist is divided into four broad categories, namely: Sectors and Stakeholders; Aquatic Health Services; Surveillance, Monitoring and Diagnostics; and Management and Evaluation.

Author: James Richard Arthur
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO)
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 132

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Book Description
Risk analysis, simply put, is "science-based decision-making." An integrated approach to risk analysis will assist the aquaculture sector in reducing risks to successful operations from both internal and external hazards and can similarly contribute to protect the environment, society and other resource users from adverse and often unpredicted impacts. This leads to improved profitability and sustainability of the sector, while at the same time improving the public's perception of aquaculture as a responsible, sustainable and environmentally-friendly activity. This document presents peer-reviewed technical papers and contributions from international experts.

Author: A. David Scarfe
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0470376635
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 198

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Book Description
Published in Cooperation with THE WORLD AQUACULTURE SOCIETY Aquaculture loses millions of dollars in revenue annually due to aquatic animal diseases. Disease outbreaks continue to threaten profitable and viable aquaculture operations throughout the world. As a result, aquaculture biosecurity programs that address aquatic animal pathogens and diseases have become an important focus for the aquaculture industry. Aquaculture Biosecurity: Prevention, Control, and Eradication of Aquatic Animal Disease provides valuable information that will increase success in combating infectious aquatic disease. Key representatives of international, regional, and national organizations presented their views on this important issue as part of a special session at the 2004 World Aquaculture Society Annual Conference. The chapters of this book cover a wealth of experience from the varied perspectives of these experts on biosecurity, policies, and measures to take the offensive against the spread of diseases in aquatic animals. With contributions from renowned international experts, covering approaches to biosecurity policies and measures currently practiced, Aquaculture Biosecurity: Prevention, Control, and Eradication of Aquatic Animal Disease is a vital reference for all those concerned about protecting aquaculture from impacts of aquatic animal disease.

Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN: 9251310351
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 147

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Book Description
This publication documents the accomplishments of Project TCP/PLW/3601/C1 “Strengthening Biosecurity Capacity of Palau”. These include: (i) preparation of the draft Aquatic Biosecurity Regulations for Aquatic Organisms (plus Annexures) and the draft Biofouling Management Regulations; (ii) the convening of a National Consultation, held 28 March 2017 in Koror, with some 30 participants representing government, the private sector and academe to discuss the draft regulations; (iii) the conduct of a Biosecurity Database Development Training Course, held 24/27 March 2017 at the National Capitol; and (iv) the preparation of a Framework for a Biosecurity Database. The report presents several lists of recommendations arising from the various project activities, the most urgent of which is that: “Recent introductions and transfers of live aquatic animals (both legal and illegal) are highly unsafe and have unnecessarily put future aquaculture development and local biodiversity at risk due to the possibility of introducing serious exotic pathogens and the possible genetic and ecological impacts of introduced and transferred species. The Government of Palau should take immediate steps to correct these practices. All introductions and transfers of live aquatic animals should be prohibited until such time as the draft Aquatic Biosecurity Regulations have been enacted and such species have been considered through the mechanisms contained therein”.

Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN: 9251310327
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 350

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Book Description
FAO has supported member countries to carry out their national agricultural censuses since 1945, through the development and dissemination of international standards, concepts, definitions and methodologies as well as technical assistance. In 2015, FAO published Volume 1 of the World Programme for the Census of Agriculture 2020 (WCA 2020) “Programme, concepts and definitions”, the tenth decennial programme that provides guidelines for implementation of national agricultural censuses in the 2016-2025 decade. Volume 1 deals with the methodological and conceptual aspects of the census of agriculture. In addition to the use of international standards, the proper conduct of an agricultural census also depends on adequate planning, implementation, use of resources and quality assurance throughout all stages of the census. In light of this, Volume 2 of WCA 2020 “Operational guidelines” has been designed to guide national census practitioners responsible for conducting the agricultural census. It deals with the practical steps involved in actually conducting an agricultural census in the field. Volume 2 is a revised and updated edition of “Conducting Agricultural Censuses and Surveys”, published by FAO in 1996. The revision is opportune not only in view of the recent publication of the new census programme and methodology but also in view of the substantial changes witnessed in the census technological environment over the last two decades. The availability of digital, mobile and more affordable tools for data capture, geo-positioning, remote sensing imaging, digital archiving and online dissemination have provided new cost-effective alternatives to traditional ways of conducting the agricultural census.

Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN: 9251311846
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 346

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Book Description
This document details the activities that were undertaken by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and cooperating agencies (the Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of South Africa (DAFF), the Africa Union Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources (AU-IBAR) and the Southern Africa Development Community (SADC)) leading to the production of a Regional Aquatic Biosecurity Strategy for the Southern African Development Community (SADC) and its subsequent adoption by SADC and incorporation into SADC programmes. These activities include: (1) assessment of national aquatic animal health performance and capacity for 14 of the 15 SADC member countries through the conducting of a Southern African Development Community (SADC) regional aquatic animal health capacity and performance survey; (2) the convening of the FAO/DAFF/AU-IBAR/SADC Regional Workshop on Improving Aquatic Animal Health Management and Strengthening Biosecurity Governance in Africa, held in Durban, South Africa, from 5–7 November 2014, with one of the specific objectives being to develop a SADC Regional Framework for an Aquatic Biosecurity Strategy; (3) the finalization of the draft Regional Aquatic Biosecurity Strategy for the Southern African Development Community (SADC) by the FAO team; (4) the submission of the strategy to the SADC Fisheries Technical Committee (April 2015) and its submission to SADC for official approval by the SADC Council of Ministers (April 2017). Included as annexes to the report are: Annex I. the Southern African Development Community (SADC) Regional aquatic animal health capacity and performance survey: Summary of survey results and analysis; Annex II. The Report of the FAO/DAFF/AU-IBAR/SADC Regional Workshop on Improving Aquatic Animal Health Management and Strengthening Biosecurity Governance in Africa; and Annex III. the Regional aquatic biosecurity strategy for the Southern African Development Community (SADC). The process was long but the most important is that it was done using a systematic approach that lead to good understanding leading to better consensus building, wide ownership and strong government commitment.

Author: Pilar Hernández Serrano
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN: 9789251054369
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 112

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Book Description
Antibiotics are drugs of natural or synthetic origin that have the capacity to kill or to inhibit the growth of micro-organisms. Antibiotics that are sufficiently non-toxic to the host are used as chemotherapeutic agents in the treatment of infectious diseases of humans, animals and plants. They have long been present in the environment and have played a crucial role in the battle between man and microbe. Many bacterial species multiply rapidly enough to double their numbers every 20-30 minutes, so their ability to adapt to changes in the environment and survive unfavourable conditions often results in the development of mutations that enable the species to survive changing external conditions. Another factor contributing to their adaptability is that individual cells do not rely on their own genetic resources. Many, if not all, have access to a large pool of itinerant genes that move from one bacteria cell to another and spread through bacterial populations through a variety of mobile genetic elements, of which plasmids and transposable elements are two examples. The capacity of bacteria to adapt to changes in their environment and thus survive is called resistance. Drug choices for the treatment of common infectious diseases are becoming increasingly limited and expensive and, in some cases, unavailable due to the emergence of drug resistance in bacteria and fungi - resistance that is threatening to reverse much medical progress of the past 50 years. Dissemination of resistant micro-organisms may occur in both hospitals and communities. It is recognized that a major route of transmission of resistant microorganisms from animals to humans is through the food chain. In aquaculture, antibiotics have been used mainly for therapeutic purposes and as prophylactic agents. The contribution to antimicrobial resistance of antibiotics used in aquaculture is reviewed here, using a risk analysis framework. Some recommendations on responsible conduct in this context are proposed, aimed at diminishing the threat of build up of antimicrobial resistance.

Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN: 9251336326
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 80

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Book Description
The contents of this Shrimp acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease strategy manual provides information and guidance relevant to the development of policies to respond to outbreaks of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) in farmed marine shrimp. The etiologic agents for AHPND are virulent strains of bacteria belonging to the genus Vibrio parahaemolyticus and related species, which harbor specific toxin genes. While these bacterial species are part of the normal microflora of the marine environment, they may cause substantial mortalities in whiteleg shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) and giant tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon) cultured in countries in Asia and the Americas. These strains of these Vibrio bacteria secrete a PirABvp binary toxin resulting in sloughing of tubule epithelial cells and dysfunctions of the hepatopancreas in the acute form; mortality can reach 100 percent in affected ponds. Chronic presentation of this disease involves secondary bacterial infection of hepatopancreas and running mortality over the culture cycle. Acute or chronic presentation would greatly depend on the culture conditions. This disease can be considered a toxicosis rather than an infection. Economic losses due to this disease have amounted to over USD 7 billion annually. Further outbreaks of AHPND, particularly in areas that are currently free of the disease, would be expected to experience similar devastating effects on local shrimp producers and the surrounding communities; and thus, there is an urgent need to develop a contingency plan to control and eradicate this disease. This manual includes information on: 1) the nature of AHPND: a brief review of current knowledge in disease etiology, susceptible species and global distribution; 2) diagnosis of disease: a description of gross clinical signs and laboratory methods; 3) prevention and treatment: farm management, the use and development of antibiotics, bacteriophages, probiotics, disease-tolerant shrimp, shrimp immunity and vaccination; 4) epidemiology: AHPND’s geographic distribution, genotype, persistence in the environment, reservoir hosts, modes of transmission, risk factors, and economic impacts; 5) principles of control and eradication: methods for containment, mitigation and eradication of AHPND, and trade and industry considerations; and 6) policy development and implementation: AHPND-specific objectives, options and strategies for eradication and control, education, capacity building, funding, and compensation.