Musawwarat Es Sufra PDF Download

Author: David N. Edwards
Publisher: Otto Harrassowitz Verlag
ISBN: 9783447041348
Category : Excavations (Archaeology)
Languages : en
Pages : 124

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Author: Paul Clammer
Publisher: Bradt Travel Guides
ISBN: 9781841621142
Category : Travel
Languages : en
Pages : 284

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The wide appeal of this first dedicated guide to Sudan will satisfy the needs of aid workers, ecotravelers, and those with diverse interests in topics such as archaeology, travel photography, hiking, and diving.

Author: Richard A. Lobban Jr.
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN: 1538133393
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 539

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Book Description
This new book descends from a former combined reference book on Ancient and Medieval Nubia but now expands and focuses primarily on Prehistoric and Ancient times. It contextualizes the foundational roots of human evolution in the Paleolithic and Mesolithic stone ages and on to the Neolithic revolution built on farming and livestock. Meanwhile, Kerma was the most ancient African states and their relationship with dynastic Egypt. Precisely, ancient Kerma a was a serious political, economic and military rival to Old and Middle Kingdoms of Egypt. But in the New Kingdom the balance of regional forces was dramatically changed with Egyptians defeating Kerma and occupying and colonizing Kush/Nubia for 500 years. In the 11th century BCE the political unity of Egypt withered away and after recovering from foreign exploitation, Nubians began to reconstitute a small state at Kurru with renewed pyramid building and then finding no Egyptian resistance, these Nubians kings advanced on Egyptian Nubia and then on to Upper Egypt. Finally, Nubians were able to take over all of Egypt as the pharaohs of century-long Dynasty XXV. This so-called ‘Ethiopian” dynasty had the famed pharaohs of Piankhy, Shabaka, Shabataka, Taharka and Tanutamun ruling for various terms, three of who are mentioned in the Biblical Old Testament. Even when Nubians were expelled from Egypt by foreign Assyrian invaders, they retreated to Napata to carry on their ancient state for three more independent centuries as Egyptian remained conquered by various foreigners for 2,500 years. Most notable of these foreign conquers of Egypt were the Greeks (Ptolemies) and the Roman (who arrived and polytheists and left as Christians. During this Greco-Roman period in Egypt, Nubians strategically withdrew still further south to the Kingdom of Meroë (from the 4th century BCEE to the 4th century CE. Meroe is also covered in great detail as it was famed for many regnant queens, a unique and undeciphered writing system, iron-production and important monumental works including more pyramids than found in Egypt, Yes, smaller and later but many more pyramids that are still standing in several World Heritage sites in Nubia. After Meroë began a long decline it was finally vulnerable to attack from Christian Axum on the 4th century CE. Two murky centuries of regional rule, known as the X-Group were to follow, but by the 6th century Nubians recreated three Christian states that are covered in detail in the following Historical Dictionary of Medieval Christian Nubia and the Historical Dictionary of Sudan for Islamic and modern times.

Author: Richard A. Lobban Jr.
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN: 1538133415
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 539

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Book Description
Medieval Christian Nubia is often a neglected period of medieval African history. Because meaning is determined largely by context this work traces the Greco-Roman, Meroitic and Jewish precursors. The regional, historical and theological schisms within Christianity are also a highlight. The dynamics of the three Nubian kingdoms of Nobatia, Mukurra, and Alwa are the centerpiece of this book that covers mural arts, architecture, and the names of the leading kings and bishops. Another strength of the book is the analysis of the 700-year baqt peace treaty between Christian Nubia and Islamic Egypt; this is considered to be the longest lasting treaty in diplomatic history. The complex transition from Christianity to Islam in the 14th century is analyzed in great personal, political, and military detail. Historical Dictionary of Medieval Christian Nubia contains a chronology, an introduction, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has over 200 cross-referenced entries on politics, economy, foreign relations, religion, and culture of the medieval Nubians. This book is an excellent resource for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about Medieval Christian Nubia.

Author: Richard A. Lobban
Publisher: Scarecrow Press
ISBN: 0810865785
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 587

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Book Description
The Historical Dictionary of Ancient and Medieval Nubia covers the period from the Paleolithic, all the periods of ancient Nubia (Predynastic, Kerma, Dynasty XXV, Napatan, Meroitic, Post-Meroitic) and to the end of medieval Christianity in Nubia (Sudan). This resource focuses on Nubian history through a Nubian perspective, rather than on the more common Egypto-centrism perspective, and the coverage is based on the latest and best archaeological and epigraphic evidence. Newly created maps of the general area and its specific regions and place names and a photospread showing important related features of the region are included. A detailed chronology provides a timeline of historical events, and an introductory narrative shapes the overall history and leads to the main body of the work in the form of a cross-referenced dictionary. The descriptive entries cover the main features of the region in the various periods that are key not only to Nubian events, but also to the important interactions they had with Egypt to the north. Nine appendices and an extensive bibliography conclude this work. Lobban has been teaching Nubian studies in undergraduate classrooms for thirty years, and this book is a product of his hands-on experiences as well as extensive anthropological fieldwork and travel in Sudanese and Egyptian Nubia.

Author: Steffen Wenig
Publisher: Otto Harrassowitz Verlag
ISBN: 9783447049139
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 266

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Aus Anlass des Ausscheidens von Prof. Dr. Steffen Wenig aus dem Universitatsdienst fand an der Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin im Oktober 1999 ein zweitagiges, international besetztes Symposium zum Thema Neue Feldforschungen im Sudan und in Eritrea statt. Die Publikation enthalt zehn Beitrage von Gelehrten aus sechs Landern.Es wird uber die monumentale Inschrift des Konigs Taharqa am Gebel Barkal berichtet (T. Kendall), C. Naser legt den letzten Teil der Berichte uber die Feldarbeiten der Meroe Joint Excavations in Meroe-Stadt vor (1992), und H.-U. Onasch beschreibt die Arbeiten in einer Keramikwerkstatt in der Grossen Anlage von Musawwarat es Sufra, deren Auffindung 1997 uberraschend war. Funf Ausgrabungsberichte, die vom Gebiet der Southern Red Hills, die Nubian Desert uber die Region Dinder bis nach Kerma reichen, stammen von sudanesischen Kollegen und einem italienischen Team.Ein Beitrag schildert die Arbeit der German Archaeological Mission to Eritrea (G.A.M.E.), die erste archaologische Unternehmung im Horn von Afrika durch deutsche Archaologen seit Enno Littmanns Deutscher Aksum-Expedition, die in den Jahren 1996-1997 stattfand und uberraschende Ergebnisse lieferte. Der Beitrag Symbiosis Man-Archaeology bietet einen konzeptionellen und methodischen Ansatz einer Archaologischen Entwicklungshilfe, der am Beispiel Qohaito/Eritrea exemplifiziert wird, aber mit Modifikationen auch anderswo anwendbar ist.

Author: Marjorie M. Fisher
Publisher: American University in Cairo Press
ISBN: 1649033974
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 473

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A lushly illustrated gazetteer of the archaeological sites of southern Egypt and northern Sudan and named a 2012 American Publishers (PROSE) Awards winner for Best Archaeology & Anthropology Book For most of the modern world, ancient Nubia seems an unknown and enigmatic land. Only a handful of archaeologists have studied its history or unearthed the Nubian cities, temples, and cemeteries that once dotted the landscape of southern Egypt and northern Sudan. Nubia’s remote setting in the midst of an inhospitable desert, with access by river blocked by impassable rapids, has lent it not only an air of mystery, but also isolated it from exploration. Over the past century, particularly during this last generation, scholars have begun to focus more attention on the fascinating cultures of ancient Nubia, ironically prompted by the construction of large dams that have flooded vast tracts of the ancient land. This book attempts to document some of what has recently been discovered about ancient Nubia, with its remarkable history, architecture, and culture, and thereby to give us a picture of this rich, but unfamiliar, African legacy.

Author: Marie Millet
Publisher: IFAO
ISBN: 2724710495
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 1061

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The Proceedings of the 14th International Conference for Nubian Studies are published in the research journal Kush for its 20th issue. Sixty articles are presenting the advances of international research on Middle Nile Valley archaeology and highlighting the richness and importance of Sudanese sites along the different phases of its Prehistory and History i.e. kingdoms of Kush (Kerma, Napata, Meroe), Medieval, Post-Medieval and Modern Periods. The eighty authors are coming from different disciplines: archaeology, linguistic, bio-anthropology, museum studies, etc. Their contributions are showing the nowadays implication of research in site management, cultural heritage and museums, especially in the frame of the bilateral programme Qatar Sudan Archaeological Programme.

Author: Pawel Lech Polkowski
Publisher: IFAO
ISBN: 2724709845
Category : Art
Languages : en
Pages : 370

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This book presents proceedings of the conference devoted to rock art and graffiti studies in Egypt and Sudan that took place in Cairo from 10th to 12th November, 2019. The thematic spectrum of the contributions is very wide in terms of both their geographical and their chronological range, encompassing figural and textual sources dating from the Late Palaeolithic through the Predynastic, Dynastic, and Graeco-Roman periods, up to Christian and Islamic times. Many of the papers combine evidence from various archaeological domains and also attempt to better integrate graffiti and rock art materials in search of a common ground for research. Thus, the volume provides a good overview of the current state of investigations in these two fields of study in Egypt and Nubia.

Author: László Török
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9789004123069
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 618

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This volume presents the first comprehensive study of the Kushite concepts of order in the state and in the cosmos as they were conceptualized in royal and temple texts, in urban architecture, in the structure of temple iconography, and in the relationship between the society and the temples as places of popular worship, archives of historical memory, and centres of cultural identity.