Author: Michael A. Nilsson Publisher: ISBN: Category : Hydrophobic surfaces Languages : en Pages : 200
Book Description
Multi-phase fluid systems are an important concept in fluid mechanics, seen every day in how fluids interact with solids, gases, and other fluids in many industrial, medical, agricultural, and other regimes. In this thesis, the development of a two-dimensional digital microfluidic device is presented, followed by the development of a two-phase microfluidic diagnostic tool designed to simulate sandstone geometries in oil reservoirs. In both instances, it is possible to take advantage of the physics involved in multiphase flows to affect positive outcomes in both. In order to make an effective droplet-based digital microfluidic device, one must be able to precisely control a number of key processes including droplet positioning, motion, coalescence, mixing, and sorting. For planar or open microfluidic devices, many of these processes have yet to be demonstrated. A suitable platform for an open system is a superhydrophobic surface, as suface characteristics are critical. Great efforts have been spent over the last decade developing hydrophobic surfaces exhibiting very large contact angles with water, and which allow for high droplet mobility. We demonstrate that sanding Teflon can produce superhydrophobic surfaces with advancing contact angles of up to 151° and contact angle hysteresis of less than 4°. We use these surfaces to characterize droplet coalescence, mixing, motion, deflection, positioning, and sorting. This research culminates with the presentation of two digital microfluidic devices: a droplet reactor/analyzer and a droplet sorter. As global energy usage increases, maximizing oil recovery from known reserves becomes a crucial multiphase challenge in order to meet the rising demand. This thesis presents the development of a microfluidic sandstone platform capable of quickly and inexpensively testing the performance of fluids with different rheological properties on the recovery of oil. Specifically, these microfluidic devices are utilized to examine how shear-thinning, shear-thickening, and viscoelastic fluids affect oil recovery. This work begins by looking at oil displacement from a microfluidic sandstone device, then investigates small-scale oil recovery from a single pore, and finally investigates oil displacement from larger scale, more complex microfluidic sandstone devices of varying permeability. The results demonstrate that with careful fluid design, it is possible to outperform current commercial additives using the patent-pending fluid we developed. Furthermore, the resulting microfluidic sandstone devices can reduce the time and cost of developing and testing of current and new enhanced oil recovery fluids.
Author: Roberto Mauri Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3709112273 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 181
Book Description
Diffuse interface (D.I.) model for muliphase flows.- Phase separation of viscous ternary liquid mixtures.- Dewetting and decomposing films of simple and complex liquids.- Phase-field models. Multiphase flows are typically described assuming that the different phases are separated by a sharp interface, with appropriate boundary conditions. This approach breaks down whenever the lengthscale of the phenomenon that is being studied is comparable with the real interface thickness, as it happens, for example, in the coalescence and breakup of bubbles and drops, the wetting and dewetting of solid surfaces and, in general, im micro-devices. The diffuse interface model resolves these problems by assuming that all quantities can vary continuously, so that interfaces have a non-zero thickness, i.e. they are "diffuse". The contributions in this book review the theory and describe some relevant applications of the diffuse interface model for one-component, two-phase fluids and for liquid binary mixtures, to model multiphase flows in confined geometries.
Author: Jianzhong Lin Publisher: ISBN: 9783036583358 Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
This special Issue aimed to collect the latest original research and reviews on the fundamentals and applications of any functional multiphase flow in microfluidics. There were 24 papers submitted to this Special Issue, and 15 papers were accepted. They address numerous topics, mainly on the motion characteristics of particles with different scales and shapes.
Author: George Yadigaroglu Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319587188 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 221
Book Description
This book is the maiden volume in a new series devoted to lectures delivered through the annual seminars “Short Courses on Multiphase Flow,” held primarily at ETH Zurich continuously since 1984. The Zurich short courses, presented by prominent specialists in the various topics covered, have attracted a very large number of participants. This series presents fully updated and when necessary re-grouped lectures in a number of topical volumes. The collection aims at giving a condensed, critical and up-to-date view of basic knowledge on multiphase flows in relation to systems and phenomena encountered in industrial applications. The present volume covers the background of Multiphase Flows (MPF) that introduces the reader to the particular nature and complexity of multiphase flows and to basic but critical aspects of MPFs including concepts and the definition of the quantities of interest, an introduction to modelling strategies for MPFs, flow regimes, flow regime maps and tr ansition criteria. It also deals with the ubiquitous needs of the multiphase-flow modeller, namely pressure drop and phase distribution, i.e., the void fraction and the topology of the phases that determines the flow regimes.
Author: Clayton T. Crowe Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1439840504 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 512
Book Description
Since the publication of the first edition of Multiphase Flow with Droplets and Particles, there have been significant advances in science and engineering applications of multiphase fluid flow. Maintaining the pedagogical approach that made the first edition so popular, this second edition provides a background in this important area of fluid mechanics to those new to the field and a resource to those actively involved in the design and development of multiphase systems. See what’s new in the Second Edition: Chapter on the latest developments in carrier-phase turbulence Extended chapter on numerical modeling that includes new formulations for turbulence and Reynolds stress models Review of the fundamental equations and the validity of the traditional "two-fluid" approach Expanded exercises and a solutions manual A quick look at the table of contents supplies a snapshot of the breadth and depth of coverage found in this completely revised and updated text. Suitable for a first-year graduate (5th year) course as well as a reference for engineers and scientists, the book is clearly written and provides an essential presentation of key topics in the study of gas-particle and gas-droplet flows.
Author: Sushanta K. Mitra Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1439816778 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 1103
Book Description
This comprehensive handbook presents fundamental aspects, fabrication techniques, introductory materials on microbiology and chemistry, measurement techniques, and applications of microfluidics and nanofluidics. The first volume of the handbook focuses on physics and transport phenomena along with life sciences and related applications. It provides newcomers with the fundamental science background required for the study of microfluidics and nanofluidics. In addition, the advanced techniques and concepts described in the text will benefit experienced researchers and professionals.
Author: Sushanta K. Mitra Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1466515740 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 1767
Book Description
A comprehensive, two-volume handbook on Microfluidics and Nanofluidics, this text covers fundamental aspects, fabrication techniques, introductory materials on microbiology and chemistry, measurement techniques, and applications with special emphasis on the energy sector. Each chapter begins with introductory coverage to a subject and then narrows in on advanced techniques and concepts, thus making it valuable to students and practitioners. The author pays special attention to applications of microfluidics in the energy sector and provides insight into the world of opportunities nanotechnology has to offer. Figures, tables, and equations to illustrate concepts.
Author: S. Hernández Publisher: WIT Press ISBN: 1784664170 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 136
Book Description
The research included in this volume focuses on using synergies between experimental and computational techniques to gain a better understanding of all classes of multiphase and complex flow. The included papers illustrate the close interaction between numerical modellers and researchers working to gradually resolve the many outstanding issues in our understanding of multiphase flow. Recently multiphase fluid dynamics have generated a great deal of attention, leading to many notable advances in experimental, analytical and numerical studies. Progress in numerical methods has permitted the solution of many practical problems, helping to improve our understanding of the physics involved. Multiphase flows are found in all areas of technology and the range of related problems of interest is vast, including astrophysics, biology, geophysics, atmospheric process, and many areas of engineering.
Author: A.A. Mammoli Publisher: WIT Press ISBN: 1845640799 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 417
Book Description
Fluid Dynamics is one of the most important topics of applied mathematics and physics. Together with complex flows and turbulence, multiphase flows remains one of the most challenging areas of computational mechanics, and even seemingly simple problems remain unsolved to date. Multiphase flows are found in all areas of technology, at all length scales and flow regimes. The fluids involved can be compressible or incompressible, linear or nonlinear. Because of the complexity of the problem, it is often essential to utilize advanced computational and experimental methods to solve the complex equations that describe them. Challenges in these simulations include nonlinear fluids, treating drop breakup and coalescence, characterizing phase structures, and many others.This volume brings together work presented at the Fourth International Conference on Computational and Experimental Methods in Multiphase and Complex Flows. Featured topics include: Suspensions; Bubble and Drop Dynamics; Flow in Porous Media; Interfaces; Turbulent Flow; Injectors and Nozzles; Particle Image Velocimetry; Macroscale Constitutive Models; Large Eddy Simulation; Finite Volumes; Interface Tracking Methods; Biological Flows; Environmental Multiphase Flow; Phase Changes and Stochastic Modelling.
Author: Peter Vorobieff Publisher: WIT Press ISBN: 1784663115 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 467
Book Description
The selected papers contained in this book present the latest research in one of the most challenging, yet most universally applicable areas of technology. Multiphase flows are found in all areas of technology and the range of related problems of interest is vast, including many areas of science and engineering. Recently multiphase fluid dynamics have generated a great deal of attention, leading to many notable advances in experimental, analytical and numerical studies. It is perhaps, however, work on numerical solutions which is the most noticeable owing to the continuing improvements in computer software tools. Progress in numerical methods has permitted the solution of many practical problems, helping to improve our understanding of the physics involved. The presented papers illustrate the close interaction between numerical modellers and researchers working to gradually resolve the many outstanding issues in our understanding of multiphase flow.
Author: Michael A. Nilsson
Author: Roberto Mauri
Author: Jianzhong Lin
Author: George Yadigaroglu
Author: Clayton T. Crowe
Author: Sushanta K. Mitra
Author: Sushanta K. Mitra
Author: S. Hernández
Author: A.A. Mammoli
Author: Peter Vorobieff