Multiethnic Nations in Developing Countries PDF Download

Author: Manuel José Cepeda Espinosa
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cultural pluralism
Languages : en
Pages : 504

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Author: Nicholas Tarling
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1134056818
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 245

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This book examines ethnic communities, identity, economy, society and state, and the links between them, in a range of countries across Asia, challenging the widely held belief that an authoritarian political system is necessary to ensure communal co-existence in developing countries where ethnic minorities have a considerable economic presence.

Author: Andreas Wimmer
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 0691177384
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 374

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A new and comprehensive look at the reasons behind successful or failed nation building Nation Building presents bold new answers to an age-old question. Why is national integration achieved in some diverse countries, while others are destabilized by political inequality between ethnic groups, contentious politics, or even separatism and ethnic war? Traversing centuries and continents from early nineteenth-century Europe and Asia to Africa from the turn of the twenty-first century to today, Andreas Wimmer delves into the slow-moving forces that encourage political alliances to stretch across ethnic divides and build national unity. Using datasets that cover the entire world and three pairs of case studies, Wimmer’s theory of nation building focuses on slow-moving, generational processes: the spread of civil society organizations, linguistic assimilation, and the states’ capacity to provide public goods. Wimmer contrasts Switzerland and Belgium to demonstrate how the early development of voluntary organizations enhanced nation building; he examines Botswana and Somalia to illustrate how providing public goods can bring diverse political constituencies together; and he shows that the differences between China and Russia indicate how a shared linguistic space may help build political alliances across ethnic boundaries. Wimmer then reveals, based on the statistical analysis of large-scale datasets, that these mechanisms are at work around the world and explain nation building better than competing arguments such as democratic governance or colonial legacies. He also shows that when political alliances crosscut ethnic divides and when most ethnic communities are represented at the highest levels of government, the general populace will identify with the nation and its symbols, further deepening national political integration. Offering a long-term historical perspective and global outlook, Nation Building sheds important new light on the challenges of political integration in diverse countries.

Author: Dessalegn Oulte
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
ISBN: 3640903404
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 29

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Scientific Essay from the year 2011 in the subject Ethnology / Cultural Anthropology, grade: B+, course: Anthropology of Development, language: English, abstract: Ethnicity is fundamental issue in human life as 90 percent the world's nations are composed of two or more ethnic groups. The action-reaction relationship existed between dominant group and minority groups often negatively affected many nations' development in different social, political economic perspective. Ethnic background of a certain population determines cooperative or non-cooperative results of communication as it has been evidently seen that majority of world conflicts are a result of, or related to ethnic issues. Factors eliciting conflict such as collective disadvantage, lose of political economy and repressions are aspects of ethnicity.The reasons ethnic difference lead to conflict include: A sense of injustice because of resource distribution Economic or political completion Prejudice Discrimination Hostility Unwillingness to interact Ethno centrism Ethnocide Forced assimilation Cultural colonialism Sharp Intolerance comes from the difference of language, skin color, religious beliefs, customs and gender are among others

Author: Urmila Phadnis
Publisher: SAGE Publications Pvt. Limited
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 336

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The author examines the theoretical approaches to the study of ethnicity and nation-building; the ethnic layout of the South Asian region; the specific state structures of the countries studied and the attitudes of central regimes to the issue of ethnic identities; specific ethnic movements in the countries examined; and, the constraints and compulsions within which regimes handle domestic ethnic assertion. The study points out both the similarities of conditions between the South Asian political systems and the differences in specific cases both as regards assertion of ethnic identities as well as their handling by the regimes. This study also situates the politics of ethnicity in the global geo-political context.

Author: United Nations Development Programme
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 304

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This is the 15th report, prepared by a team of independent experts, which explores major development issues of global concern. The 2004 report focuses on issues of cultural liberty and concludes that countries must actively devise multicultural policies to prevent cultural discrimination (whether on grounds of religion, ethnicity or language), since the expansion of cultural freedoms is at the core of human development. Rather than presenting a threat to state unity, the report argues that diversity is the only sustainable option to promote stability and democracy within and across societies. Issues discussed include: confronting extremist movements for cultural domination; myths surrounding cultural liberty and development; the impact of globalisation on cultural choice; social exclusion, human rights and participation. It also includes data tables for the Human Development Index (HDI) which measures key social and economic indicators for rich and poor countries, including life-expectancy, health and sanitation, employment rights, gender equality, education and income per-person.

Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309092116
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 753

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In their later years, Americans of different racial and ethnic backgrounds are not in equally good-or equally poor-health. There is wide variation, but on average older Whites are healthier than older Blacks and tend to outlive them. But Whites tend to be in poorer health than Hispanics and Asian Americans. This volume documents the differentials and considers possible explanations. Selection processes play a role: selective migration, for instance, or selective survival to advanced ages. Health differentials originate early in life, possibly even before birth, and are affected by events and experiences throughout the life course. Differences in socioeconomic status, risk behavior, social relations, and health care all play a role. Separate chapters consider the contribution of such factors and the biopsychosocial mechanisms that link them to health. This volume provides the empirical evidence for the research agenda provided in the separate report of the Panel on Race, Ethnicity, and Health in Later Life.

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309452961
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 583

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Book Description
In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.

Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309166616
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 429

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The United States is rapidly transforming into one of the most racially and ethnically diverse nations in the world. Groups commonly referred to as minorities-including Asian Americans, Pacific Islanders, African Americans, Hispanics, American Indians, and Alaska Natives-are the fastest growing segments of the population and emerging as the nation's majority. Despite the rapid growth of racial and ethnic minority groups, their representation among the nation's health professionals has grown only modestly in the past 25 years. This alarming disparity has prompted the recent creation of initiatives to increase diversity in health professions. In the Nation's Compelling Interest considers the benefits of greater racial and ethnic diversity, and identifies institutional and policy-level mechanisms to garner broad support among health professions leaders, community members, and other key stakeholders to implement these strategies. Assessing the potential benefits of greater racial and ethnic diversity among health professionals will improve the access to and quality of healthcare for all Americans.

Author: Ali Banuazizi
Publisher: Syracuse University Press
ISBN: 9780815624486
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 412

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"Contributors to the volume are established scholars in their fields and successfully focus on the pertinent issues with a good mix of facts, analysis, and theoretical orientation. The contributions are pertinent and valuable to students of comparative politics generally, as well as to specialists on the selected countries."-Choice