Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) and Innate Immunity PDF Download

Author: Stefan Bauer
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540721673
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 243

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Book Description
Overall recent research on TLRs has led to tremendous increase in our understanding of early steps in pathogen recognition and will presumably lead to potent TLR targeting therapeutics in the future. This book reviews and highlights our recent understanding on the function and ligands of TLRs as well as their role in autoimmunity, dendritic cell activation and target structures for therapeutic intervention.

Author: Dong Yu
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3031180704
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 215

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Book Description
The formulation and the technological advancements in RNA biology, chemistry, stability, and encapsulated delivery systems that have enabled the development of fully synthetic mRNA vaccines are discussed in this volume. The applications of the mRNA technology is covered, focusing on infectious diseases but also touching on other indications, such as immunotherapies and molecular therapies. Potent and long-lasting immune responses observed in animal models, encouraging data from early human clinical studies, together with the success of two mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines support the use of mRNA-based vaccination as an attractive alternative to conventional vaccine approaches. Consequently, the development progress of the technology, particularly on production, capabilities, and clinical development is reviewed. Topics on safety, regulatory issues, and possible challenges to the mRNA vaccination approach round off this book. Thanks to their high potency, the prospect for generic, low-cost manufacturing processes, and entirely synthetic nature, the future for mRNA vaccines is highly promising. Importantly, mRNA vaccines have the potential to minimize the time between pathogen identification and vaccine release with a huge impact on public health. As the mRNA-based vaccination technology has been progressing rapidly, the book is intended to be an end-to-end review series, covering everything from basic RNA biology and preclinical studies to the manufacturing strategy, clinical development and regulatory approval. It provides established RNA researchers and developers with updates on the latest advancements in the field and allows for a quick but comprehensive overview of this transformative technology, its application, and future potential.

Author: Joe Miller
Publisher: St. Martin's Press
ISBN: 1250280370
Category : Biography & Autobiography
Languages : en
Pages : 272

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Book Description
Winners of the Paul Ehrlich Prize The dramatic story of the married scientists who founded BioNTech and developed the first vaccine against COVID-19. Nobody thought it was possible. In mid-January 2020, Ugur Sahin told Özlem Türeci, his wife and decades-long research partner, that a vaccine against what would soon be known as COVID-19 could be developed and safely injected into the arms of millions before the end of the year. His confidence was built upon almost thirty years of research. While working to revolutionize the way that cancerous tumors are treated, the couple had explored a volatile and overlooked molecule called messenger RNA; they believed it could be harnessed to redirect the immune system's forces against any number of diseases. As the founders of BioNTech, they faced widespread skepticism from the scientific community at first; but by the time Sars-Cov-2 was discovered in Wuhan, China, BioNTech was prepared to deploy cutting edge technology and create the world’s first clinically approved inoculation for the coronavirus. The Vaccine draws back the curtain on one of the most important medical breakthroughs of our age; it will reveal how Doctors Sahin and Türeci were able to develop twenty vaccine candidates within weeks, convince Big Pharma to support their ambitious project, navigate political interference from the Trump administration and the European Union, and provide more than three billion doses of the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine to countries around the world in record time. Written by Joe Miller—the Financial Times’ Frankfurt correspondent who covered BioNTech’s COVID-19 project in real time—with contributions from Sahin and Türeci, as well as interviews with more than sixty scientists, politicians, public health officials, and BioNTech staff, the book covers key events throughout the extraordinary year, as well as exploring the scientific, economic, and personal background of each medical innovation. Crafted to be both completely accessible to the average reader and filled with details that will fascinate seasoned microbiologists, The Vaccine explains the science behind the breakthrough, at a time when public confidence in vaccine safety and efficacy is crucial to bringing an end to this pandemic.

Author: Peter Loftus
Publisher: Harvard Business Press
ISBN: 164782320X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 299

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Book Description
The inside story of an unprecedented feat of science and business. At the start of 2020, Moderna was a biotech unicorn with dim prospects. Yes, there was the promise of its disruptive innovation that could transform medicine by using something called messenger RNA, one of the body's building blocks of life, to combat disease. But its stock was under water. There were reports of a toxic work culture. And despite ten years of work, the company was still years away from delivering its first product. Investors were getting antsy, or worse, skeptical. Then the pandemic hit, and Moderna, at first reluctantly, became a central player in a global drama—a David to Big Pharma's Goliaths—turning its technology toward breaking the global grip of the terrible disease. By year's end, with the virus raging, Moderna delivered one of the world's first Covid-19 vaccines, with a stunningly high rate of protection. The achievement gave the world a way out of a crippling pandemic while validating Moderna's technology, transforming the company into a global industry power. Biotech, and the venture capital community that fuels it, will never be the same. Wall Street Journal reporter Peter Loftus, veteran reporter covering the pharmaceutical and biotech industries and part of a Pulitzer Prize–finalist team, brings the inside story of Moderna, from its humble start at a casual lunch through its heady startup days, into the heart of the pandemic and beyond. With deep access to all of the major players, Loftus weaves a tale of science and business that brings to life Moderna's monumental feat of creating a vaccine that beat back a deadly virus and changed the business of medicine forever. The Messenger spans a decade and is full of heroic efforts by ordinary people, lucky breaks, and life-and-death decisions. It's the story of a revolutionary idea, the evolution of a cutting-edge American industry, and one of the great achievements of this century.

Author: Robert E. Rhoads
Publisher: Humana
ISBN: 9781493936236
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
This volume presents detailed laboratory protocols for in vitro synthesis of mRNA with favorable properties, its introduction into cells by a variety of techniques, and the measurement of physiological and clinical consequences such as protein replacement and cancer immunotherapy. Synthetic techniques are described for structural features in mRNA that provide investigational tools such as fluorescence emission, click chemistry, photo-chemical crosslinking, and that produce mRNA with increased stability in the cell, increased translational efficiency, and reduced activation of the innate immune response. Protocols are described for clinical applications such as large-scale transfection of dendritic cells, production of GMP-grade mRNA, redirecting T cell specificity, and use of molecular adjuvants for RNA vaccines. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Synthetic mRNA: Production, Introduction into Cells, and Physiological Consequences is a valuable and cutting-edge resource for both laboratory investigators and clinicians interested in this powerful and rapidly evolving technology.

Author: Mikolaj Kuca
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 70

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Book Description
There is great concern and uncertainty about the new type of vaccines. Mainly, the COVID-19 vaccine, as this is the first one so broadly tested and used. Previously, there were attempts to create mRNA vaccines for flu and rabies. Those tests were continuing since 2013. Due to the unprecedented situation, there is a world-wide acceptance of the need to use all available tools in the fight against COVID-19, and the greatest hope is for the mRNA vaccine. There is also another great genetics technology on the table: CRISPR. Both will reshape the world as we know it in the near future - nearer than we could possibly expect. Marvel stories might turn into reality quite unexpectedly. When I started my work with mRNA technology over 20 years ago, I did not expect such major advancements to happen so quickly. In this book the new mRNA technology will be explained in closer detail, yet in as simple language as possible. The concerns, hopes, and the future of this technique will be addressed, in order to make more people aware of the change that they will soon see.

Author: Jérôme Lemonnier
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3031393007
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 208

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Book Description
The Covid-19 pandemic changed the world. Indeed a real race took place worldwide between SARS-CoV-2 on the one hand and researchers on the other – especially those specializing in messenger RNA vaccines. Four years after its emergence, the pandemic is not over, but some decisive battles have been won, thanks to the great success of mRNA vaccines. The Marathon of The Messenger presents the history of these mRNA vaccines, combining a scientific background with historical and economic perspectives. It appears that an important page in the history of these new vaccines was written in Europe, thanks to the crucial work of German and French scientists; this effort began in 1993 and continues to this day. In the face of a prevailing single-mindedness, these researchers pushed through a new therapeutic concept and defined the biotechnological keys that would open the way to the production of therapeutic messenger RNA in the fight against cancer and viral infections. Written for a broad audience and accompanied by humorous cartoons, this book will appeal to anyone looking for scientific and historical answers about mRNA vaccines. Readers will discover not only the technical and scientific knowledge of how these vaccines work, but also the economic levers that were necessary to create this technology. This book has been written in collaboration with Dr. Steve Pascolo, former director of CureVac, and the RNA messenger expert Professor Chantal Pichon. It also features a preface by Dr. Pierre Meulien, former director of the European Union public-private partnership Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI).

Author: Elke Leuridan
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128145838
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 394

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Book Description
Immunization during pregnancy with currently recommended vaccines prevents infection in the mother, the unborn fetus, and the young infant, and there is an increasing focus from different stakeholders to use this approach for other infections of importance to protect these vulnerable groups. The aim of this Maternal Immunization book is to provide a contemporary overview of vaccines used in pregnancy (and the lactation period), with emphasis on aspects of importance for the target groups, namely, rationale for the use of vaccines in pregnancy, safety, immunogenicity (immunology), timing to vaccinate, repeat doses, protective effects in the mother, fetus, and infant, and public acceptance and implementation, of existing and of future vaccines. Provides an overview of a quickly evolving topic. This will benefit the reader who wishes to rapidly become informed and up-to-date with new developments in this field Suitable to a broad audience: scientific researchers, obstetricians, gynecologists, neonatologists, vaccinators, pediatricians, students, and industry. Maternal vaccination impacts a wide range of specialists Allows health care professionals/researchers to gain insight into other aspects of vaccination in pregnancy outside of their specialism Is coauthored by specialists from multiple disciplines, providing a diverse view of the subject, increasing its interest and appeal Creates awareness of the current developments in this area of medicine and of the potential of maternal vaccination to improve the health of mothers and infants worldwide

Author: Fouad Sabry
Publisher: One Billion Knowledgeable
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 312

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Book Description
What Is mRNA Vaccine The immunological response that is induced by a vaccination known as an mRNA vaccine is brought about by the administration of a replica of a molecule known as messenger RNA (mRNA). The vaccine inserts molecules of mRNA that encode antigens into immune cells. The immune cells then utilize the engineered mRNA as a template to construct a foreign protein similar to one that would typically be generated by a cancer cell or a disease. These protein molecules activate an adaptive immune response, which educates the body to detect and eliminate the matching cancer cells or pathogens. Adaptive immune responses have been shown to be more effective than traditional immune responses. The delivery of the mRNA is accomplished by the use of a co-formulation that consists of the RNA being encased in lipid nanoparticles. These nanoparticles serve to preserve the RNA strands and assist in their uptake into the cells. How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: mRNA vaccine Chapter 2: Vaccine Chapter 3: PEGylation Chapter 4: Solid lipid nanoparticle Chapter 5: Moderna Chapter 6: COVID-19 vaccine Chapter 7: Moderna COVID-19 vaccine Chapter 8: Jason McLellan Chapter 9: BioNTech Chapter 10: RNA therapeutics Chapter 11: Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine Chapter 12: Özlem Türeci Chapter 13: Nucleoside-modified messenger RNA Chapter 14: ALC-0315 Chapter 15: Distearoylphosphatidylcholine Chapter 16: SM-102 Chapter 17: Deployment of COVID-19 vaccines Chapter 18: History of COVID-19 vaccine development Chapter 19: CureVac COVID-19 vaccine Chapter 20: N1-Methylpseudouridine Chapter 21: COVID-19 vaccine clinical research (II) Answering the public top questions about mRNA vaccine. (III) Real world examples for the usage of mRNA vaccine in many fields. (IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of mRNA vaccine' technologies. Who This Book Is For Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of mRNA vaccine.

Author: Parag Kolhe
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128143576
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 386

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Book Description
Formulation, Development and Manufacturing of Vaccines: The Practical Aspects provides an industry perspective on vaccine product development and manufacture that covers their formulation development, manufacture and delivery/in-use considerations of vaccine production. With the increasing complexity of vaccine products in development, there is a need for a comprehensive review of the current state of the industry and its challenges. While formulation scientists working in biotherapeutic development may be familiar with proteins, vaccines present unique challenges, including the wide range of vaccine components that may comprise proteins, polysaccharides, protein-polysaccharide conjugates, adjuvants, etc. and the varying stability and behavior of solution- and suspension-based systems. This book is an essential resource for formulation scientists, researchers in vaccine development throughout medical and life sciences, and advanced students. Includes formulation considerations for various vaccine types, including proteins, polysaccharides, conjugates and live vaccines Considers process development for solution, suspension and lyophilized products Explores the future potential of vaccines, including multi-component vaccines and novel delivery mechanisms/devices