Motionless Mixers as Gas Liquid Contacting Devices PDF Download

Author: J. C. Middleton
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 34

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Author: Marco Scala
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
The mixing of two or more fluids is a rather common operation in all industrial processes. The main target of the mixing is to increase the interface area between phases in order to improve mass and heat transfer and facilitate then chemical reaction. Among the multiphase mixing stands out the gas liquid dispersion. The aim of the present work is to examine a specific type of mixers, namely the static mixer. Static mixers are located into a housing or pipeline to ensure a high blending of fluids. They are usually made by a series of inserts, in turn designed by holes, helical elements and oblique blades. These elements cause local accelerations and stretching of the fluid currents to reach a high mixing efficiency. The wide applications of static mixers in numerous industrial processes require better knowledge of the hydrodynamics in these devices. The gas-liquid flow pattern through a Sulzer static mixer SMXTM mounted in a vertical cylindrical tube was investigated in this study. The main goal was to assess the performance of the Sulzer static mixer SMXTM for gas-liquid applications in industrial processes. Experimental data were collected from two main optical techniques, Backlight Shadowgraph Technique (BST) and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). 3D-printed static mixers were manufactured using transparent plastic in order to provide optical access. Three different liquids were used as the continuous phase, namely water, water with SDS and normal-heptane. The liquid phase was kept stagnant during the experiments. Five different lengths of mixers (with 1, 2, 5, 10 and 15 elements respectively) and several gaseous nitrogen flow rates from 1 to 10 l/h were analysed. The behaviour of the simple tube without mixing device, acting like a bubble column, was investigated as a reference, for comparison purposes with the SMXTM. Bubble diameter distributions at the inlet and outlet of the SMX mixers were evaluated. The velocity fields inside the mixers were quantified. The gas hold-up was also measured. The oxygen transfer performance in the SMX static mixer in air/water mixture was assessed by measuring the overall oxygen transferred. The mass transfer coefficient to the interfacial area kLa was determined and proved to be larger in the mixer. Volume-of-fluid numerical simulations of the mixer were performed with OpenFOAM. These 3D simulations were mainly focused on the behaviour of the SMX in an organic system at low gas flow rate (1 l/h). The numerical simulations were satisfactorily validated by experimental results. The comparison and the combination of the numerical and experimental results bring new insight into the flow pattern in a SMXTM static mixer.

Author: Edward L. Paul
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0471451444
Category : Reference
Languages : en
Pages : 1450

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Book Description
Handbook of Industrial Mixing will explain the difference and uses of a variety of mixers including gear mixers, top entry mixers, side entry mixers, bottom entry mixers, on-line mixers, and submerged mixers The Handbook discusses the trade-offs among various mixers, concentrating on which might be considered for a particular process. Handbook of Industrial Mixing explains industrial mixers in a clear concise manner, and also: * Contains a CD-ROM with video clips showing different type of mixers in action and a overview of their uses. * Gives practical insights by the top professional in the field. * Details applications in key industries. * Provides the professional with information he did receive in school

Author: Salim Newaz Kazi
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 9535108158
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 386

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Book Description
Heat transfer calculations in different aspects of engineering applications are essential to aid engineering design of heat exchanging equipment. Minimizing of computational time is a challenging task faced by researchers and users. Methodology of calculations in some application areas are incorporated in this book, such as differential analysis of heat recoveries with CFD in a tube bank, heating and ventilation of equipment and methods for analytical solution of nonlinear problems. Numerical analysis is the prerequisite of design and for the manufacture of heat exchanging equipment. Some numerical and experimental information are presented with utmost skill. Similarly, the analytical solution of heat transfer is touched in this book. Study of heat transfer phenomena and applications are equally emphasized in this issue.

Author: John W. Weston
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chemical engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 308

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Author: Lyle Albright
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0824753623
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1930

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Book Description
Taking greater advantage of powerful computing capabilities over the last several years, the development of fundamental information and new models has led to major advances in nearly every aspect of chemical engineering. Albright’s Chemical Engineering Handbook represents a reliable source of updated methods, applications, and fundamental concepts that will continue to play a significant role in driving new research and improving plant design and operations. Well-rounded, concise, and practical by design, this handbook collects valuable insight from an exceptional diversity of leaders in their respective specialties. Each chapter provides a clear review of basic information, case examples, and references to additional, more in-depth information. They explain essential principles, calculations, and issues relating to topics including reaction engineering, process control and design, waste disposal, and electrochemical and biochemical engineering. The final chapters cover aspects of patents and intellectual property, practical communication, and ethical considerations that are most relevant to engineers. From fundamentals to plant operations, Albright’s Chemical Engineering Handbook offers a thorough, yet succinct guide to day-to-day methods and calculations used in chemical engineering applications. This handbook will serve the needs of practicing professionals as well as students preparing to enter the field.

Author: C. Mysore
Publisher: IWA Publishing
ISBN: 1843398486
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 228

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Among the known disinfectants, ozone has been demonstrated to be very effective in inactivating protozoans. Current and proposed regulations impose additional treatment requirements for Cryptosporidium parvum. These regulatory trends tend to place more stringent performance demands on disinfection systems and have therefore increased the need for improvements in the design. The static mixer offers one alternative method for improving the efficiency of the dissolution of ozone and optimizing its use in the disinfection process.The overall objective of this research was to quantify the potential benefits of ozone application through the use of static mixers in terms of increased transfer efficiency, disinfection capacity, and enhanced chemical reactions at laboratory-, pilot-, and full-scale systems. Specific goals were to identify and quantify the effect of several water quality parameters and environmental/engineered factors on the disinfection capacity of the ozone-static mixer system and assess bromate formation under optimum conditions for microbial inactivation.Originally published by AwwaRF for its subscribers in 2003 This publication can also be purchased and downloaded via Pay Per View on Water Intelligence Online - click on the Pay Per View icon below

Author: James R. Couper
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0123972361
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 865

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Book Description
Chemical Process Equipment is a results-oriented reference for engineers who specify, design, maintain or run chemical and process plants. This book delivers information on the selection, sizing and operation of process equipment in a format that enables quick and accurate decision making on standard process and equipment choices, saving time, improving productivity, and building understanding. Coverage emphasizes common real-world equipment design rather than experimental or esoteric and focuses on maximizing performance. Legacy reference for chemical and related engineers who work with vendors to design, specify and make final equipment selection decisions Copious examples of successful applications, with supporting schematics and data to illustrate the functioning and performance of equipment Provides equipment rating forms and manufacturers’ data, worked examples, valuable shortcut methods, and rules of thumb to demonstrate and support the design process Heavily illustrated with line drawings and schematics to aid understanding, as well as graphs and tables to illustrate performance data

Author: W Hoyle
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN: 1847550576
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 114

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Book Description
Producing large quantities of waste is not only environmentally unacceptable, it is also not viable in economic terms. The chemical industry, particularly the speciality and pharmaceuticals sectors, is becoming increasingly aware of the advantages associated with clean technology, particularly in terms of competitive advantage and environmental benefits. Bringing together an understanding of the concepts and values of clean technology by using case studies from some leading European countries, this book provides an insight into subjects such as catalysis; process intensification; and how to measure the "green" value of a process. It also highlights the role played by both the chemical and chemical engineering disciplines in the development of cleaner processes. Clean Technology for the Manufacture of Speciality Chemicals will prove valuable reading for process development chemists and engineers, particularly those in the specialities and pharmaceuticals sectors, and will also be an important source of teaching material for the growing number of clean technology chemistry courses.

Author: David Reay
Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann
ISBN: 0080983057
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 624

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Book Description
Process Intensification: Engineering for Efficiency, Sustainability and Flexibility is the first book to provide a practical working guide to understanding process intensification (PI) and developing successful PI solutions and applications in chemical process, civil, environmental, energy, pharmaceutical, biological, and biochemical systems. Process intensification is a chemical and process design approach that leads to substantially smaller, cleaner, safer, and more energy efficient process technology. It improves process flexibility, product quality, speed to market and inherent safety, with a reduced environmental footprint. This book represents a valuable resource for engineers working with leading-edge process technologies, and those involved research and development of chemical, process, environmental, pharmaceutical, and bioscience systems. - No other reference covers both the technology and application of PI, addressing fundamentals, industry applications, and including a development and implementation guide - Covers hot and high growth topics, including emission prevention, sustainable design, and pinch analysis - World-class authors: Colin Ramshaw pioneered PI at ICI and is widely credited as the father of the technology