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Author: Eddy Bekkers Publisher: Rozenberg Publishers ISBN: 905170903X Category : Languages : en Pages : 144
Book Description
The thesis is organized as follows. Chapter 2 contains a survey of the three most in‡fluential models on fi…rm heterogeneity and of the most important empirical work on firrm heterogeneity. The chapter starts with a brief review of the homogeneous productivity imperfect competition literature. Chapter 2 …finishes with a comparison of the three most in‡fluential models of fi…rm heterogeneity and the oligopoly model put forward in the thesis. Chapter 3 addresses exporting uncertainty under heterogeneous popularity. Chapter 4 contains the chapter on …firm heterogeneity under oligopoly. Chapter 5 constitutes the models on …firm heterogeneity and endogenous quality. Chapter 6 points out the within-sector specialization model. Chapter 7 addresses the effect of importer characteristics on unit values and the role of markups and quality to explain this effect. Chapter 8 concludes.
Author: Eddy Bekkers Publisher: Rozenberg Publishers ISBN: 905170903X Category : Languages : en Pages : 144
Book Description
The thesis is organized as follows. Chapter 2 contains a survey of the three most in‡fluential models on fi…rm heterogeneity and of the most important empirical work on firrm heterogeneity. The chapter starts with a brief review of the homogeneous productivity imperfect competition literature. Chapter 2 …finishes with a comparison of the three most in‡fluential models of fi…rm heterogeneity and the oligopoly model put forward in the thesis. Chapter 3 addresses exporting uncertainty under heterogeneous popularity. Chapter 4 contains the chapter on …firm heterogeneity under oligopoly. Chapter 5 constitutes the models on …firm heterogeneity and endogenous quality. Chapter 6 points out the within-sector specialization model. Chapter 7 addresses the effect of importer characteristics on unit values and the role of markups and quality to explain this effect. Chapter 8 concludes.
Author: Michael Betz Publisher: GRIN Verlag ISBN: 3668257760 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 97
Book Description
Master's Thesis from the year 2015 in the subject Economics - International Economic Relations, grade: 2,0, University of Münster (Institute of International Economics), language: English, abstract: While the traditional Trade Theory is merely able to explain trade between developed and less developed countries, the more recent literature of the New Trade Theory allows for capturing trade between countries that are all highly developed. One of its models - the Melitz model of intra-industry trade (2003) - incorporates heterogeneity in firm productivity into a framework based on Krugman (1980). The Melitz model is a corner stone of New Trade Theory models and has been extended in various papers to analyze intra-industry trade with respect to different aspects. One important aspect that is covered intensively in recent literature is the efect of unilateral trade liberalization on a country's welfare. This thesis presents the Melitz model (2003) by firstly illustrating its fundament based onKrugman (1980) and secondly deriving its working mechanisms both for opening for trade as well as for trade liberalization. Further, extensions by Melitz and Ottaviano (2005) and Demidova and Rodriguez-Clarez (2011) will be presented. The thesis concludes by discussing the contribution of the Melitz model to explain occurring trading patterns and its limitations.
Author: Colin Hottman Publisher: ISBN: Category : Business enterprises Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
We estimate a structural model of heterogeneous multiproduct firms to examine the sources of firm heterogeneity emphasized in the recent trade and macro literatures. Using Nielsen barcode data on prices and sales, we estimate elasticities of substitution within and between firms, and use the estimated model to recover unobserved qualities, marginal costs and markups. We find that variation in firm quality and product scope explains at least four fifths of the variation in firm sales. Most firms are well approximated by the monopolistic competition benchmark of constant markups, but the largest firms that account for most of aggregate sales depart substantially from this benchmark. Although the output of multiproduct firms is differentiated, cannibalization is quantitatively important for the largest firms. This imperfect substitutability of products within firms, and the fact that larger firms supply more products than smaller firms, implies that standard productivity measures are not independent of demand system assumptions and probably dramatically understate the relative productivity of the largest firms.
Author: Richard E. Baldwin Publisher: ISBN: Category : Commerce Languages : en Pages : 44
Book Description
This paper sets out a basic heterogeneous-firms trade model that is closely akin to Melitz (2003). The positive and normative properties of the model are studied in a manner intended to highlight the core economic logic of the model. The paper also studies the impact of greater openness at the firm-level and aggregate level, focusing on changes in the number and type of firms, trade volumes and prices, and productivity effects. The normative effects of liberalisation are also studied and here the paper focuses on aggregate gains from trade, and income redistribution effects, showing inter alia that the model is marked by a Stolper-Samuelson like effect. A number of empirically testable hypotheses are also developed. These concern the impact of greater openness on the firm-level trade pattern, the variance of unit-prices, the stock market valuation of firms according to size, and the lobbying behaviour by size.
Author: Arnaud Costinot Publisher: ISBN: Category : Commercial policy Languages : en Pages : 59
Book Description
The empirical observation that "large firms tend to export, whereas small firms do not" has transformed the way economists think about the determinants of international trade. Yet, it has had surprisingly little impact about how economists think about trade policy. In this paper, we characterize optimal trade policy in a generalized version of the trade model with monopolistic competition and firm-level heterogeneity developed by Melitz (2003). At the micro-level, we find that optimal import taxes discriminate against the most profitable foreign exporters, while optimal export taxes are uniform across domestic exporters. At the macro-level, we demonstrate that the selection of heterogeneous firms into exporting tends to create aggregate nonconvexities that dampen the incentives for terms-of-trade manipulation, and in turn, the overall level of trade protection.
Author: Andrew B. Bernard Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
This paper examines how country, industry and firm characteristics interact in general equilibrium to determine nations' responses to trade liberalization. When firms possess heterogeneous productivity, countries differ in relative factor abundance and industries vary in factor intensity, falling trade costs induce reallocations of resources both within and across industries and countries. These reallocations generate substantial job turnover in all sectors, spur relatively more creative destruction in comparative advantage industries than comparative disadvantage industries, and magnify ex ante comparative advantage to create additional welfare gains from trade. The relative ascendance of high-productivity firms within industries boosts aggregate productivity and drives down consumer prices. In contrast with the neoclassical model, these price declines dampen and can even reverse the real wage losses of scarce factors as countries liberalize.
Author: Eddy Bekkers
Author: Jørgen Drud Hansen
Author: Eddy Bekkers
Author: 
Author: Michael Betz
Author: Hong Ma
Author: Colin Hottman
Author: Richard E. Baldwin
Author: Arnaud Costinot
Author: Andrew B. Bernard
Author: Na Yang