Author: Gregory S. Walsh Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 332
Book Description
"Developmental sympathetic neuron death is determined by functional interactions between the TrkA/NGF receptor and the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR). A key question is whether p75NTR promotes apoptosis by directly inhibiting or modulating TrkA activity, or by stimulating cell death independently of TrkA. Here we show that the presence or absence of p75NTR does not alter Trk activity or NGF- and NT-3-mediated downstream survival signaling in primary neurons. Crosses of p75NTR-/- and TrkA-/-mice indicate that the coincident absence of p75NTR substantially rescues TrkA-/-sympathetic neurons from developmental death in vivo. These data support a model where developing sympathetic neurons are "destined to die" by an ongoing p75NTR-mediated apoptotic signal, and one of the major ways that TrkA promotes neuronal survival is by silencing this ongoing death signal. We then examined a role for JNK-p53 apoptotic pathway in NGF-deprived neurons and in nerve injury-induced death. Specifically, inhibition of JNK by overexpression of JIP-1 was sufficient to rescue sympathetic neurons from NGF withdrawal-induced death. In addition, JNK is robustly activated in nerve-injured neonatal facial motoneurons and these neurons are rescued from nerve-injury-induced cell death in p53 null mice. We then investigated the intracellular mechanisms that underlie the relative invulnerability of adult versus developing DRG sensory neurons. In both adult and neonatal neurons, death stimuli induced the apoptotic JNK pathway, but JNK activation only caused death of neonatal neurons, indicating that adult neurons have a downstream block to apoptosis. An essential component of this "block" is the p53 family member, DeltaNp73. Cultured adult p73+/- DRG neurons were more vulnerable to apoptotic stimuli than their p73+/+ counterparts, and invulnerability could be restored to the p73+/- neurons by increased expression of DeltaNp73. Moreover, although DRG neuron development was" --
Author: Gert Fricker Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3662437872 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 169
Book Description
Medicinal chemistry is both science and art. The science of medicinal chemistry offers mankind one of its best hopes for improving the quality of life. The art of medicinal chemistry continues to challenge its practitioners with the need for both intuition and experience to discover new drugs. Hence sharing the experience of drug research is uniquely beneficial to the field of medicinal chemistry. Drug research requires interdisciplinary team-work at the interface between chemistry, biology and medicine. Therefore, the topic-related series Topics in Medicinal Chemistry covers all relevant aspects of drug research, e.g. pathobiochemistry of diseases, identification and validation of (emerging) drug targets, structural biology, drugability of targets, drug design approaches, chemogenomics, synthetic chemistry including combinatorial methods, bioorganic chemistry, natural compounds, high-throughput screening, pharmacological in vitro and in vivo investigations, drug-receptor interactions on the molecular level, structure-activity relationships, drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination, toxicology and pharmacogenomics. In general, special volumes are edited by well known guest editors.
Author: Nicole Le Douarin Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 9780521620109 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 494
Book Description
This 1999 edition of The Neural Crest contains comprehensive information about the neural crest, a structure unique to the vertebrate embryo, which has only a transient existence in early embryonic life. The ontogeny of the neural crest embodies the most important issues in developmental biology, as the neural crest is considered to have played a crucial role in evolution of the vertebrate phylum. Data that analyse neural crest ontogeny in murine and zebrafish embryos have been included in this revision. This revised edition also takes advantage of recent advances in our understanding of markers of neural crest cell subpopulations, and a full chapter is now devoted to cell lineage analysis. The major research breakthrough since the first edition has been the introduction of molecular biology to neural crest research, enabling an elucidation of many molecular mechanisms of neural crest development. This book is essential reading for students and researchers in developmental biology, cell biology, and neuroscience.
Author: Katherine Elliott Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 047071834X Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 192
Book Description
The Novartis Foundation Series is a popular collection of the proceedings from Novartis Foundation Symposia, in which groups of leading scientists from a range of topics across biology, chemistry and medicine assembled to present papers and discuss results. The Novartis Foundation, originally known as the Ciba Foundation, is well known to scientists and clinicians around the world.
Author: J. Klein Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 044482166X Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 397
Book Description
This volume offers a comprehensive update and overview of the field of cholinergic transmission as presented by some thirty distinguished investigators who were recruited for their task from Germany, Great Britain, Canada, USA, Sweden, Israel, France and Italy. Exciting new discoveries, described in this volume, are due to recent methodological breakthroughs. These discoveries throw new light on many areas of cholinergic mechanisms.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309045312 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 167
Book Description
Scientists agree that exposure to toxic agents in the environment can cause neurological and psychiatric illnesses ranging from headaches and depression to syndromes resembling parkinsonism. It can even result in death at high exposure levels. The emergence of subclinical neurotoxicity-the concept that long-term impairments can escape clinical detection-makes the need for risk assessment even more critical. This volume paves the way toward definitive solutions, presenting the current consensus on risk assessment and environmental toxicants and offering specific recommendations. The book covers: The biologic basis of neurotoxicity. Progress in the application of biologic markers. Reviews of a wide range of in vitro and in vivo testing techniques. The use of surveillance and epidemiology to identify neurotoxic hazards that escape premarket screening. Research needs. This volume will be an important resource for policymakers, health specialists, researchers, and students.
Author: Laura Lossi Publisher: Humana Press ISBN: 9781493921515 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
This volume represents a valuable and readily reproducible collection of established and emerging techniques for neuronal cell death research. Conveniently divided into four parts, sections cover a series of techniques for the molecular, structural, functional and genomic characterization of dying neurons, a number of protocols that are of primary interest in neuropathology and in experimental neuropathology, a series of gene engineering techniques to obtain and manipulate neuronal stem cells and progenitors, to prepare HSV-1 vectors for the gene therapy, and to CNS transplantation of bone marrow stem cells, and finally, some very interesting protocols for the study of cell death in non-mammalian models. Written in the successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and easily accessible, Neuronal Cell Death: Methods and Protocols seeks to serve a large audience of scientists that are currently active in the field or are willing to enter such an exciting and still expanding area of neurobiology.
Author: Hans J. ten Donkelaar Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3540346597 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 544
Book Description
Progress in developmental neurobiology and advances in (neuro) genetics have been spectacular. The high resolution of modern imaging techniques applicable to developmental disorders of the human brain and spinal cord have created a novel insight into the developmental history of the central nervous system (CNS). This book provides a comprehensive overview of the development of the human CNS in the context of its many developmental disorders. It provides a unique combination of data from human embryology, animal research and developmental neuropathology, and there are more than 400 figures in over a hundred separate illustrations.
Author: Eduardo E. Benarroch Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0190209429 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 850
Book Description
Fully updated and revised according to student feedback, the sixth edition of Mayo Clinic Medical Neurosciences: Organized by Neurologic System and Level provides a systematic approach to anatomy, physiology, and pathology of the nervous system inspired by the neurologist's approach to solving clinical problems. This volume has 4 sections: 1) an overview of the neurosciences necessary for understanding anatomical localization and pathophysiologic characterization of neurologic disorders; 2) an approach to localizing lesions in the 7 longitudinal systems of the nervous system; 3) an approach to localizing lesions in the 4 horizontal levels of the nervous system; and 4) a collection of clinical problems. This book provides the neuroscience framework to support the neurologist in a clinical setting and is also a great resource for neurology and psychiatry board certifications. This is the perfect guide for all medical students and neurology, psychiatry, and physical medicine residents at early stages of training. New to This Edition - A chapter devoted to multiple-choice questions for self-assessment - Discussion of emerging concepts in molecular, cellular, and system neurosciences - New chapters on emotion and consciousness systems - Incorporation of new discoveries in neuroimaging and an appendix for tables of medications commonly used to treat neurologic disorders
Author: Gregory S. Walsh
Author: Katya Park
Author: Gert Fricker
Author: Nicole Le Douarin
Author: Katherine Elliott
Author: J. Klein
Author: National Research Council
Author: Laura Lossi
Author: Hans J. ten Donkelaar
Author: Eduardo E. Benarroch