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Author: Elad Mokadi Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 73
Book Description
The construction of Cincinnati's streetcar system, which has been planned since the year 2007, will supposedly begin during the fall of 2011. The $128-million project is intended to increase connectivity between the city's two major employment centers, and foster economic growth in its urban core. Ever since its inception, the project has instigated controversies in the local community regarding its future impacts on urban growth and redevelopment. The project supporters argue that it would increase commercial and retail activities, and boost property values; opponents insist that the system will be underutilized and redundant, senselessly wasting scarce public resources. This study explores the impact of the proposed streetcar system on land use transitions, by employing an advanced Geographic Information System (GIS) based land use change model. In an attempt to reconstruct the major arguments behind the public debate, the study models land use changes as represented by three scenarios: (1) the supporters' narrative, (2) the opponents' narrative, and (3) a baseline scenario which does not include the streetcar line. Since land use changes are reliable indicators of redevelopment processes, the study has the potential to contribute to a better understanding of urban redevelopment dynamics and increase public involvement in planning processes, both in Cincinnati and in similar-scale cities. The study first had identified the streetcar supporters and opponents' arguments and quantified them into various spatial criteria. It then incorporated those criteria into a Cellular Automata (CA) - Markov Chains model, to generate future land use distribution raster images. Finally, the model outcomes were evaluated using spatial-statistical analyses. The study sheds a new light on the escalating dispute between the streetcar opponents and its supporters. The results indicate that supporters and opponents' scenarios beget distinct results in terms of land use changes. Under both scenarios, however, the streetcar establishment would impact its surrounding area to some extent.
Author: Elad Mokadi Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 73
Book Description
The construction of Cincinnati's streetcar system, which has been planned since the year 2007, will supposedly begin during the fall of 2011. The $128-million project is intended to increase connectivity between the city's two major employment centers, and foster economic growth in its urban core. Ever since its inception, the project has instigated controversies in the local community regarding its future impacts on urban growth and redevelopment. The project supporters argue that it would increase commercial and retail activities, and boost property values; opponents insist that the system will be underutilized and redundant, senselessly wasting scarce public resources. This study explores the impact of the proposed streetcar system on land use transitions, by employing an advanced Geographic Information System (GIS) based land use change model. In an attempt to reconstruct the major arguments behind the public debate, the study models land use changes as represented by three scenarios: (1) the supporters' narrative, (2) the opponents' narrative, and (3) a baseline scenario which does not include the streetcar line. Since land use changes are reliable indicators of redevelopment processes, the study has the potential to contribute to a better understanding of urban redevelopment dynamics and increase public involvement in planning processes, both in Cincinnati and in similar-scale cities. The study first had identified the streetcar supporters and opponents' arguments and quantified them into various spatial criteria. It then incorporated those criteria into a Cellular Automata (CA) - Markov Chains model, to generate future land use distribution raster images. Finally, the model outcomes were evaluated using spatial-statistical analyses. The study sheds a new light on the escalating dispute between the streetcar opponents and its supporters. The results indicate that supporters and opponents' scenarios beget distinct results in terms of land use changes. Under both scenarios, however, the streetcar establishment would impact its surrounding area to some extent.
Author: ITE (Institute of Transportation Engineers) Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1118762355 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 1204
Book Description
A multi-disciplinary approach to transportation planning fundamentals The Transportation Planning Handbook is a comprehensive, practice-oriented reference that presents the fundamental concepts of transportation planning alongside proven techniques. This new fourth edition is more strongly focused on serving the needs of all users, the role of safety in the planning process, and transportation planning in the context of societal concerns, including the development of more sustainable transportation solutions. The content structure has been redesigned with a new format that promotes a more functionally driven multimodal approach to planning, design, and implementation, including guidance toward the latest tools and technology. The material has been updated to reflect the latest changes to major transportation resources such as the HCM, MUTCD, HSM, and more, including the most current ADA accessibility regulations. Transportation planning has historically followed the rational planning model of defining objectives, identifying problems, generating and evaluating alternatives, and developing plans. Planners are increasingly expected to adopt a more multi-disciplinary approach, especially in light of the rising importance of sustainability and environmental concerns. This book presents the fundamentals of transportation planning in a multidisciplinary context, giving readers a practical reference for day-to-day answers. Serve the needs of all users Incorporate safety into the planning process Examine the latest transportation planning software packages Get up to date on the latest standards, recommendations, and codes Developed by The Institute of Transportation Engineers, this book is the culmination of over seventy years of transportation planning solutions, fully updated to reflect the needs of a changing society. For a comprehensive guide with practical answers, The Transportation Planning Handbook is an essential reference.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309444535 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 193
Book Description
Cities have experienced an unprecedented rate of growth in the last decade. More than half the world's population lives in urban areas, with the U.S. percentage at 80 percent. Cities have captured more than 80 percent of the globe's economic activity and offered social mobility and economic prosperity to millions by clustering creative, innovative, and educated individuals and organizations. Clustering populations, however, can compound both positive and negative conditions, with many modern urban areas experiencing growing inequality, debility, and environmental degradation. The spread and continued growth of urban areas presents a number of concerns for a sustainable future, particularly if cities cannot adequately address the rise of poverty, hunger, resource consumption, and biodiversity loss in their borders. Intended as a comparative illustration of the types of urban sustainability pathways and subsequent lessons learned existing in urban areas, this study examines specific examples that cut across geographies and scales and that feature a range of urban sustainability challenges and opportunities for collaborative learning across metropolitan regions. It focuses on nine cities across the United States and Canada (Los Angeles, CA, New York City, NY, Philadelphia, PA, Pittsburgh, PA, Grand Rapids, MI, Flint, MI, Cedar Rapids, IA, Chattanooga, TN, and Vancouver, Canada), chosen to represent a variety of metropolitan regions, with consideration given to city size, proximity to coastal and other waterways, susceptibility to hazards, primary industry, and several other factors.
Author: Shlomo Angel Publisher: Lincoln Inst of Land Policy ISBN: 9781558442122 Category : Architecture Languages : en Pages : 72
Book Description
In a rapidly urbanizing world -- over half the world's population lives in urban areas, including many millions in informal settlement -- the large cities of the developing world in particular are expanding. Yet there is little in the way of planning and preparation for this explosive growth in urban population. Making Room for a Planet of Cities is a comprehensive and original analysis of the quantitative dimensions of past, present, and future global urban land cover, culminating in a proposed new paradigm for preparing for explosive growth in cities the world over. Carefully selected metrics measured in four new data sets with ArcGIS software provide a comprehensive and consistent global and historical perspective on urban expansion. These data sets are:1. The built-up areas of a global sample of 120 cities with 100,000 people or more, 1990 and 2000, based on satellite images;2. Historic population density data in digital images for 20 U. S. cities, 1910–2000, based on census tracts;3. Built-up areas of a representative global sample of 30 cities, 1800–2000, from the set of 120 cities based on historic maps; and4. Urban land cover areas of the universe of 3,646 cities that had populations of 100,000 or more in 2000, based on satellite images.The key findings show that on average, densities in developing countries are double those in Europe and Japan, and densities in Europe and Japan are double those of the United States, Canada, and Australia; and that on average, the annual growth rate of urban land cover was twice that of the urban population between 1990 and 2000. Most of the cities studied expanded their built-up area more than 16-fold in the twentieth century. At present rates of density decline, the world's urban population is expected to double in 43 years, while urban land cover will double in only 19 years. The urban population of the developing countries is expected to double between 2000 and 2030 while the built-up area of their cities can be expected to triple.The research suggests that preparation for the sustainable growth of cities in rapidly urbanizing countries should be grounded in four key components: the realistic projections of urban land needs; generous metropolitan limits; selective protection of open space; and an arterial grid of roads spaced one kilometer apart that can support transit.Making Room for a Planet of Cities provides both the conceptual framework and, for the first time, the basic empirical data and quantitative dimensions of past, present, and future urban expansion in cities around the world that are necessary for making minimal preparations for the massive urban growth expected in the coming decades.
Author: Kumares C. Sinha Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1118169662 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 576
Book Description
This pioneering text provides a holistic approach to decisionmaking in transportation project development and programming, whichcan help transportation professionals to optimize their investmentchoices. The authors present a proven set of methodologies forevaluating transportation projects that ensures that all costs andimpacts are taken into consideration. The text's logical organization gets readers started with asolid foundation in basic principles and then progressively buildson that foundation. Topics covered include: Developing performance measures for evaluation, estimatingtravel demand, and costing transportation projects Performing an economic efficiency evaluation that accounts forsuch factors as travel time, safety, and vehicle operatingcosts Evaluating a project's impact on economic development and landuse as well as its impact on society and culture Assessing a project's environmental impact, including airquality, noise, ecology, water resources, and aesthetics Evaluating alternative projects on the basis of multipleperformance criteria Programming transportation investments so that resources can beoptimally allocated to meet facility-specific and system-widegoals Each chapter begins with basic definitions and concepts followedby a methodology for impact assessment. Relevant legislation isdiscussed and available software for performing evaluations ispresented. At the end of each chapter, readers are providedresources for detailed investigation of particular topics. Theseinclude Internet sites and publications of international anddomestic agencies and research institutions. The authors alsoprovide a companion Web site that offers updates, data foranalysis, and case histories of project evaluation and decisionmaking. Given that billions of dollars are spent each year ontransportation systems in the United States alone, and that thereis a need for thorough and rational evaluation and decision makingfor cost-effective system preservation and improvement, this textshould be on the desks of all transportation planners, engineers,and educators. With exercises in every chapter, this text is anideal coursebook for the subject of transportation systems analysisand evaluation.
Author: Elad Mokadi
Author: Elad Mokadi
Author: 
Author: ITE (Institute of Transportation Engineers)
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Author: 
Author: Shlomo Angel
Author: 
Author: David L. Ames
Author: Kumares C. Sinha
Author: