MicroRNAs and the Immune System PDF Download

Author: Silvia Monticelli
Publisher: Humana
ISBN: 9781493961504
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 330

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Book Description
In recent years, the critical role of microRNAs has been revealed within the biology of cells that constitute the immune system. In MicroRNAs and the Immune System: Methods and Protocols, expert researchers explore the latest techniques for studying miRNA expression, including the most up-to-date data on splinted ligation and qRT-PCR assays, as well as high-throughput profiling through cloning, deep sequencing, and microarrays. Chapters outline methods to study miRNA functions in various cell types from a single cell type level to entire model organisms, and present studies of miRNAs in the context of viruses and the immune response. Tools are also provided to help navigate bioinformatics databases on miRNAs and their targets. Composed in the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, each chapter contains a brief introduction, step-by-step methods, a list of necessary materials, and a Notes section which shares tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Contemporary and innovative, MicroRNAs and the Immune System: Methods and Protocols is an essential handbook for immunologists, biochemists, and molecular biologists.

Author: Catherine M. Greene
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319136895
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 242

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Book Description
The book serves as a comprehensive resource for scientists and clinicians studying the role of non-coding RNAs in inflammation (viral infections, wound inflammation), human inflammatory diseases (i.e. rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn’s disease, diabetes) and innate immunity. It provides a universal reference work comprising both basic and specialized information. Given that ncRNAs represent new therapeutic targets, this volume will also be of interest to industrial biomedical researchers and those involved in drug development.

Author: Patricia Cho
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Book Description

Author: Vijay Kumar Prajapati
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323996620
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 346

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Book Description
MicroRNA in Human Infectious Diseases offers a detailed overview of the therapeutic and diagnostic role microRNAs can play in the treatment of various infectious diseases. Beginning with an introduction on microRNAs and their mechanisms, the book then delves into the therapeutic role of microRNAs in various categories of diseases: bacterial, viral, and parasitic. A wide range of diseases are explored in these sections, including sexually transmitted diseases, typhoid, tuberculosis, Dengue fever, Ebola, Covid-19, Malaria, Leishmaniasis, and Lymphatic filariasis. The final section of the book covers microRNA-based system approaches, considering aspects such as web-based tools available for detecting and predicting microRNA targets, and the latest technologies for modifying and manipulating microRNAs. This volume explores microRNA across a multitude of conditions and is an ideal reference for those involved in the investigation and development of treatments in this area. Includes foundational knowledge on microRNAs and the fundamental aspects of its biogenesis Explores the potential role microRNAs can play in therapeutics and diagnostics to treat various infectious diseases, including sexually-transmitted diseases, bacterial diseases, viral infections, and parasitic diseases Features a chapter dedicated to the role of microRNA for therapeutics in respiratory viral infections, such as Covid-19 Considers technologies used for manipulating and modifying microRNAs in preparation for applications to treat infectious diseases

Author: Hamed Mirzaei
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3031791770
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 171

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Book Description
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a member of the family of non-coding RNA molecules, and consist of small conserved sequences between 19–25 nucleotides in length that are responsible for regulating many cellular functions by affecting a wide range of messenger RNAs in a sequence specific manner. Fundamental biological processes like cell proliferation and growth, stress resistance, tumorigenesis, fat metabolism, and neural development have all been shown to be governed by miRNAs. miRNAs carry out the post-transcriptional silencing of gene expression via targeting the 30-untranslated region (UTR) of the complementary mRNA sequence. The dysregulation of the expression levels of various miRNAs is typical of tumor cells, and has been associated with tumor progression and poor prognosis. Many miRNAs are up-regulated in cancer, where they can silence tumor suppressor genes such as apoptosis and immune response associated genes. Therefore, it is possible to profile the expression levels of miRNAs as biomarkers, in order to diagnose cancer and noncancerous diseases. Moreover, cancer detection in the early stages is crucial in clinical situations. Characterization of miRNAs in serum, plasma, and other bodily fluids, and understanding their stability against RNase degradation, is important to assess their suitability as biomarkers and diagnostic tools. Exosomes play an important role in inter-cellular communications, and these nanosized particles have various functions in diverse physiological pathways, in normal as well as abnormal cells. Exosomes can carry diverse cargos such as mRNAs, miRNAs, and proteins that transfer information between donor and recipient cells. Furthermore, uptake of exosomes and their cargos may promote or suppress various molecular and cellular pathways, which alter the cellular behavior. Many reports have discussed the role of exosomes released from cancer cells on the progression of cancer at various stages. Exosomes and their cargos may affect the growth of the tumor, metastasis, drug resistance, immune system function, as well as angiogenesis. Therefore, exosomes have been explored as diagnostic biomarkers in many cancers. Moreover, exosomes can be used as biological vehicles to deliver different drugs and agents like doxorubicin (DOX), miRNAs, and siRNAs. The present book covers the role of exosomes and micro-RNAs in the pathogenesis and treatment of various diseases.

Author: Ota Fuchs
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 1789855837
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 248

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Book Description
The cells of the immune system are lymphocytes (T-cells, B-cells and NK (natural killer) cells), neutrophils, eosinophils, and monocytes/macrophages. This book is an overview of some types of these cells and their role in recognizing and/or reacting against foreign material. The immune system is characterized by collaboration between cells and proteins. The development of all cells of the immune system begins in the bone marrow with a hematopoietic stem cell. Two chapters deal with neutrophils, three chapters with T-cells, four chapters with eosinophils, and other chapters review the immunomodulation of macrophages, the role of transcription factor KLF4 in regulating plasticity of myeloid-derived suppressor cells, immune reconstitution after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and role of sorption detoxification in the therapy of acute radiation sickness.

Author: Steven Schaffert
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Book Description
Much has been learned about the molecular and cellular components critical for the control of immune responses and tolerance. It remains a challenge, however, to control the immune response and tolerance at the system level without causing significant toxicity to normal tissues. Recent studies suggest that microRNAs (miRNAs), an abundant class of ~22 nucleotides regulatory RNAs, play important roles in immune cells. In this thesis, I examined the function of miR-181 genes in regulating T cell selection, development, and immune tolerance. We show that genetic ablation of mir-181a-1/b-1 -- a T cell sensitivity tuner -- in double-positive (DP) thymocytes dampens TCR and Erk signaling and affects positive selection. Moreover, dampening TCR signaling as the result of mir-181a-1/b-1 deletion potentiates the reactivity of self-specific T cells without significantly affecting the pool sizes of naive T cells recognizing specific self-antigens. Finally, loss of mir-181a-1/b-1 in peripheral T cells reduces their basal TCR signaling and their ability to migrate from lymph nodes to the pathogenic sites during autoimmune perturbations. Interestingly, loss of mir-181a-1/b-1 results in quantitative defects in various T and B lymphocyte populations, but does not cause major structural damage to the immune system or spontaneous autoimmunity. Our findings illustrate that mir-181a-1/b-1 controls tolerance through opposing activities in selection and peripheral T cell function. Thus, despite the subtle effects of miRNAs on gene expression, miRNAs have the potential to influence the outcomes of normal and pathogenic immune responses by controlling the quantitative and dynamic aspects of immune responses.

Author: Jaishree Paul
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1351679872
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 231

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Book Description
This book explores the role of miRNA as therapeutic agents, the progress made in this direction and the problems that need to be addressed for miRNA based therapies to become successful. It also discusses the basic biology of miRNA sythesis, regulation, and their role in disease biology.

Author: Célia Miguel
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030357724
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 254

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Book Description
This book summarizes the latest findings on the functions of microRNAs in the regulation of plant development and responses to the surrounding environment. MicroRNAs are an important class of molecules that can be found in diverse groups of organisms, including plants and animals, and the investigation of their roles is a highly dynamic and “hot” research topic. The respective chapters address four main aspects, namely: microRNA investigation and annotation, the regulatory roles of microRNAs in various developmental processes, in response to abiotic factors, and in the context of biotic stress response regulation. Systematically reviewing the most important findings in this field, the book offers an essential guide for undergraduate and graduate students, teachers, and plant science researchers. Due to the potential applications of microRNAs in crop breeding and plant protection, it also represents a valuable resource for scientists in academia and the private sector alike.

Author: Krassimir Metodiev
Publisher: IntechOpen
ISBN: 9789535107910
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 404

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Book Description
This book reflects a major medical problem which is still under thorough studies. There is a number of clinical cases corresponding directly or indirectly to a certain alteration of the immune system, thus leading to various pathologic conditions. The unique defense, what humans have with their immunity, is rather often affected by infections, tumor processes, organ, tissue and cell transplantation, allergy, autoimmune processes, as well as different influences by the environment. The Book has an international team of authors all contributing to the investigation of the questions of what, why, how, when and where the immune system deviates from its normal function, what clinical consequences are manifested and is there a way to prevent and treat the immunodeficiency cases. This Book can be a very good teaching tool for students and post-docs of medicine and biology, but it also provides updated information for the colleagues immunologists, microbiologists, virologists, chemotherapists, oncologists, hematologists, transplantologists and pathologist.