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Author: Ricardo J. Caballero Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 26
Book Description
This paper is an attempt to enrich the characterization of the sluggish behavior of the aggregate price level. Our contribution to this vast literature is to explicitly consider microeconomic heterogeneity and its interaction with nonlinear microeconomic price adjustment policies. The model we propose outperforms the constant-probability-of-adjustment/partial- adjustment model in describing the path of postwar U.S. inflation. Using only aggregate data, we infer that the probability that a firm adjusts its price depends on the sign and the magnitude of the deviation of the price from its target level. At the aggregate level we find that the aggregate price responds less to negative shocks than to positive shocks, that the size of this asymmetry increases with the size of the shock, and that the number of firms changing their prices - and therefore the flexibility of the price level to aggregate shocks - varies endogenously over time in response to changes in economic conditions.
Author: Ricardo J. Caballero Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 26
Book Description
This paper is an attempt to enrich the characterization of the sluggish behavior of the aggregate price level. Our contribution to this vast literature is to explicitly consider microeconomic heterogeneity and its interaction with nonlinear microeconomic price adjustment policies. The model we propose outperforms the constant-probability-of-adjustment/partial- adjustment model in describing the path of postwar U.S. inflation. Using only aggregate data, we infer that the probability that a firm adjusts its price depends on the sign and the magnitude of the deviation of the price from its target level. At the aggregate level we find that the aggregate price responds less to negative shocks than to positive shocks, that the size of this asymmetry increases with the size of the shock, and that the number of firms changing their prices - and therefore the flexibility of the price level to aggregate shocks - varies endogenously over time in response to changes in economic conditions.
Author: Ricardo J. Caballero Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 26
Book Description
This paper is an attempt to enrich the characterization of the sluggish behavior of the aggregate price level. Our contribution to this vast literature is to explicitly consider microeconomic heterogeneity and its interaction with nonlinear microeconomic price adjustment policies. The model we propose outperforms the constant-probability-of-adjustment/partial- adjustment model in describing the path of postwar U.S. inflation. Using only aggregate data, we infer that the probability that a firm adjusts its price depends on the sign and the magnitude of the deviation of the price from its target level. At the aggregate level we find that the aggregate price responds less to negative shocks than to positive shocks, that the size of this asymmetry increases with the size of the shock, and that the number of firms changing their prices - and therefore the flexibility of the price level to aggregate shocks - varies endogenously over time in response to changes in economic conditions.
Author: Emi Nakamura Publisher: ISBN: Category : Economics Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
We review recent evidence on price rigidity from the macroeconomics literature, and discuss how this evidence is used to inform macroeconomic modeling. Sluggish price adjustment is a leading explanation for large effects of demand shocks on output and, in particular, the effects of monetary policy on output. A recent influx of data on individual prices has greatly deepened macroeconomists' understanding of individual price dynamics. However, the analysis of these new data raise a host of new empirical issues that have not traditionally been confronted by parsimonious macroeconomic models of price-setting. Simple statistics such as the frequency of price change may be misleading guides to the flexibility of the aggregate price level in a setting where temporary sales, product-churning, cross-sectional heterogeneity, and large idiosyncratic price movements play an important role. We discuss empirical evidence on these and other important features of micro price adjustment and ask how they affect the sluggishness of aggregate price adjustment and the economy's response to demand shocks.
Author: Angel Estrada Publisher: ISBN: Category : Inflation (Finance) Languages : en Pages : 48
Book Description
Illustrates the implications for aggregate price dynamics of alternative characterizations of microeconomic price adjustment policies.
Author: Fouad Sabry Publisher: One Billion Knowledgeable ISBN: Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 266
Book Description
What is New Keynesian Economics For the purpose of providing Keynesian economics with microeconomic underpinnings, the New Keynesian economics school of macroeconomics is an attempt to give those foundations. New classical macroeconomics advocates were the ones who initially voiced their opposition to Keynesian macroeconomics, which led to the development of this theory. How you will benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: New Keynesian economics Chapter 2: Macroeconomics Chapter 3: Stagflation Chapter 4: Phillips curve Chapter 5: Nominal rigidity Chapter 6: Ricardo Reis Chapter 7: John B. Taylor Chapter 8: Policy-ineffectiveness proposition Chapter 9: Menu cost Chapter 10: Dynamic stochastic general equilibrium Chapter 11: Neoclassical synthesis Chapter 12: New classical macroeconomics Chapter 13: AD-AS model Chapter 14: David Romer Chapter 15: History of macroeconomic thought Chapter 16: Real rigidity Chapter 17: New neoclassical synthesis Chapter 18: Divine coincidence Chapter 19: Taylor contract (economics) Chapter 20: Calvo (staggered) contracts Chapter 21: Jón Steinsson (II) Answering the public top questions about new keynesian economics. (III) Real world examples for the usage of new keynesian economics in many fields. Who this book is for Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of New Keynesian Economics.
Author: Fouad Sabry Publisher: One Billion Knowledgeable ISBN: Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 288
Book Description
What is Menu Cost One of the costs that a company incurs as a result of adjusting its prices is referred to as the menu cost in economics. This is one of the microeconomic explanations that New Keynesian economists put up to explain the price-stickiness that exists in the macroeconomy. It was the expenditure that restaurants incur when they print fresh menus in order to adjust the prices of products that gave rise to the term. Nevertheless, economists have broadened the scope of its term to encompass the costs associated with altering prices in a more comprehensive sense. One way to categorize the expenses involved with the menu is as follows: costs associated with alerting the consumer, costs related with planning for and deciding on a price adjustment, and costs associated with the impact of consumers' probable reluctance to buy at the new price. The expenses associated with updating computer systems, re-tagging goods, changing signage, printing new menus, the costs associated with making mistakes, and the costs associated with employing consultants to establish new pricing strategies are all examples of menu costs. At the same time, businesses have the ability to lower the costs of their menus by implementing clever pricing strategies, which in turn reduces the need for constant adjustments. How you will benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Menu cost Chapter 2: Macroeconomics Chapter 3: Stagflation Chapter 4: Inflation Chapter 5: New Keynesian economics Chapter 6: Macroeconomic model Chapter 7: Phillips curve Chapter 8: Nominal rigidity Chapter 9: Neutrality of money Chapter 10: Dynamic stochastic general equilibrium Chapter 11: Neoclassical synthesis Chapter 12: New classical macroeconomics Chapter 13: AD-AS model Chapter 14: Missing market Chapter 15: History of macroeconomic thought Chapter 16: Real rigidity Chapter 17: New neoclassical synthesis Chapter 18: Calvo (staggered) contracts Chapter 19: Monopoly profit Chapter 20: Emi Nakamura Chapter 21: Jón Steinsson (II) Answering the public top questions about menu cost. (III) Real world examples for the usage of menu cost in many fields. Who this book is for Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of Menu Cost.
Author: Jean Imbs Publisher: ISBN: Category : Phillips curve Languages : en Pages : 56
Book Description
The New Keynesian Phillips Curve is at the center of two raging empirical debates. First, how can purely forward looking pricing account for the observed persistence in aggregate inflation. Second, price-setting responds to movements in marginal costs, which should therefore be the driving force to observed inflation dynamics. This is not always the case in typical estimations. In this paper, we show how heterogeneity in pricing behavior is relevant to both questions. We detail the conditions under which imposing homogeneity results in overestimating a backward-looking component in (aggregate) inflation, and under estimating the importance of (aggregate) marginal costs for (aggregate) inflation. We provide intuition for the direction of these biases, and verify them in French data with information on prices and marginal costs at the industry level. We show that the apparent discrepancy in the estimated duration of nominal rigidities, as implied from aggregate or microeconomic data, can be fully attributable to a heterogeneity bias.
Author: Ricardo J. Caballero
Author: Ricardo J. Caballero
Author: Ricardo J. Caballero
Author: 
Author: Emi Nakamura
Author: Angel Estrada
Author: Hafedh Bouakez
Author: Fouad Sabry
Author: Steven Mark Fazzari
Author: Fouad Sabry
Author: Jean Imbs