Mechanism of Cleavage Fracture In Fully Pearlitic 1080 Rail Steel PDF Download
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Author: IM. Bernstein Publisher: ISBN: Category : Austenite Languages : en Pages : 16
Book Description
Under service conditions, final failure of rails is usually caused by impact. To elucidate the phenomenon, the mechanism of impact-initiated cleavage fracture has been studied in fully pearlitic rail steel. The study has demonstrated that the early stages of cracking probably occur by strain localization in the ferritic lamellae. By direct correlation studies of fracture surface and microstructure, it has been further shown that a crack usually does not change direction at pearlite colony boundaries. Rather, the prior austenite grain size is the controlling agent for the more effective obstacle to crack propagation, namely, the cleavage facet size. The data show that the facet size is dependent on the prior austenite grain size, although it is always somewhat less, particularly for the larger grain size materials. The reasons why it is an effective parameter to represent the toughness of eutectoid steels are discussed.
Author: IM. Bernstein Publisher: ISBN: Category : Austenite Languages : en Pages : 16
Book Description
Under service conditions, final failure of rails is usually caused by impact. To elucidate the phenomenon, the mechanism of impact-initiated cleavage fracture has been studied in fully pearlitic rail steel. The study has demonstrated that the early stages of cracking probably occur by strain localization in the ferritic lamellae. By direct correlation studies of fracture surface and microstructure, it has been further shown that a crack usually does not change direction at pearlite colony boundaries. Rather, the prior austenite grain size is the controlling agent for the more effective obstacle to crack propagation, namely, the cleavage facet size. The data show that the facet size is dependent on the prior austenite grain size, although it is always somewhat less, particularly for the larger grain size materials. The reasons why it is an effective parameter to represent the toughness of eutectoid steels are discussed.
Author: George Krauss Publisher: ASM International ISBN: 1627080848 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 705
Book Description
George Krauss, University Emeritus Professor, Colorado School of Mines and author of the best-selling ASM book Steels: Processing, Structure, and Performance, discusses some of the important additions and updates to the new second edition.
Author: J.J. Kalker Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9401581517 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 445
Book Description
In April 1990 a conference was held at the Cracow Institute of Technology, Cracow, Poland. The title of that conference was "Residual Stresses in Rails - Effects on Rail Integrity and Railroad Economics" and its themes were the measurement and prediction of residual stresses in rails, but, as the sub-title suggests, the intention was also to provide a link between research and its application to the practical railway world. At the Cracow conference there were 40 participants with 5 railways and 5 rail makers being represented and 25 papers were given. The Cracow conference was a success, and by March 1991 its off-spring, "The International Conference on Rail Quality and Maintenance for Modern Railway Operations", was conceived and birth was ultimately given in June 1992 at the Technical University, Delft. It turned out to be some baby, with 112 delegates from 24 countries taking part! As with its predecessor, the conference was to provide a forum for the exchange of ideas between research investigators, rail makers and railway engineers. A cursory examination of the list of participants suggests that about 57% were from the railway industry, 34% from universities and other research institutions and 9% from the steel industry. Bearing in mind that some of the railway industry participants were from their respective research and development organisations the balance of interests was about right.
Author: Jianhong Chen Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann ISBN: 0128010517 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 488
Book Description
In this book the authors focus on the description of the physical nature of cleavage fracture to offer scientists, engineers and students a comprehensive physical model which vividly describes the cleavage microcracking processes operating on the local (microscopic) scale ahead of a defect. The descriptions of the critical event and the criteria for cleavage fracture will instruct readers in how to control the cleavage processes and optimize microstructure to improve fracture toughness of metallic materials. - Physical (mechanical) processes of cleavage fracture operating on the local (microscopic) scale, with the focus on the crack nucleation and crack propagation across the particle/grain and grain/grain boundaries - Critical event, i.e., the stage of greatest difficulty in forming the microcrack, which controls the cleavage fracture - Criteria triggering the cleavage microcracking with incorporation of the actions of macroscopic loading environment into the physical model - Effects of microstructure on the cleavage fracture, including the effects of grain size, second phase particles and boundary - Comprehensive description of the brittle fracture emerging in TiAl alloys and TiNi memory alloys
Author: George Krauss Publisher: ASM International(OH) ISBN: Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 526
Book Description
Steels: Processing, Structure, and Performance is a comprehensive guide to the broad, dynamic physical metallurgy of steels. The volume is an extensively revised and updated edition of the classic 1990 book Steels: Heat Treatment and Processing Principles. Eleven new chapters expand the coverage in the previous edition, and other chapters have been reorganized and updated. This volume is an essential reference for anyone who makes, uses, studies, or designs with steel. The interrelationships between chemistry, processing, structure, and performance--the elements of physical metallurgy--are integrated for all the types of steel discussed.
Author: IM. Bernstein
Author: IM. Bernstein
Author: D. H. Stone
Author: D. H. Stone
Author: George Krauss
Author: Yong-Jin Park
Author: J.J. Kalker
Author: Jianhong Chen
Author: George Krauss
Author: American Society for Testing and Materials
Author: American Railway Engineering Association