Book Description
L'objectif de cette thèse est de décrire et de hiérarchiser les processus à l'origine du ruissellement sur les parcelles artificiellement drainées, en prenant en compte non seulement les fluctuations de la nappe superficielle, mais aussi la dégradation éventuelle de la structure du sol en surface. A cet effet, trois axes complémentaires de recherche ont été développés. Le premier axe est consacré à l'étude de l'évolution de la structure de l'horizon travaillé du sol au cours d'une pluie en présence de nappe superficielle, grâce à des simulations de pluie en laboratoire. Les profils de masse volumique mesurés par radiographie aux rayons X indiquent que l'effondrement et le changement de masse volumique lié à la croûte de battance sont plus marqués en conditions initiales très humides. Le modèle proposé d'évolution de la masse volumique avec la profondeur et au cours de la pluie, reproduit correctement cet effet.Le deuxième axe a pour objectif de déterminer les propriétés hydrodynamiques de la croûte de battance à partir de données issues de nouvelles simulations de pluie associées à un modèle s'appuyant sur la distribution de la masse volumique du sol avec la profondeur. Les paramètres de ce modèle, estimés par méthode inverse, sont comparables aux mesures de masse volumique effectuées par rayons X, et permettent de correctement reproduire le comportement hydraulique du système, confirmant la forte baisse de la conductivité hydraulique en surface due à la croûte de battance.Enfin, le troisième axe s'appuie sur le suivi expérimental d'une parcelle agricole drainée du bassin versant de Mélarchez (Seine et Marne) associé à une modélisation (logiciel HYDRUS 2D).
Author: Herbert F. Wang Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0080571948 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 248
Book Description
The dramatic advances in the efficiency of digital computers during the past decade have provided hydrologists with a powerful tool for numerical modeling of groundwater systems. Introduction to Groundwater Modeling presents a broad, comprehensive overview of the fundamental concepts and applications of computerized groundwater modeling. The book covers both finite difference and finite element methods and includes practical sample programs that demonstrate theoretical points described in the text. Each chapter is followed by problems, notes, and references to additional information. This volume will be indispensable to students in introductory groundwater modeling courses as well as to groundwater professionals wishing to gain a complete introduction to this vital subject. - Systematic exposition of the basic ideas and results of Hilbert space theory and functional analysis - Great variety of applications that are not available in comparable books - Different approach to the Lebesgue integral, which makes the theory easier, more intuitive, and more accessible to undergraduate students
Author: John Boardman Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 0470859113 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 878
Book Description
Provides a unique and comprehensive assessment of soil erosion throughout Europe, an important aspect to control and manage if landscapes are to be sustained for the future. Written in two parts, Soil Erosion in Europe primarily focuses on current issues, area specific soil erosion rates, on and off-site impacts, government responses, soil conservation measures, and soil erosion risk maps. The first part overviews the erosion processes and the problems encountered within each European country, whilst the second section takes a cross-cutting theme approach. Based on an EU-funded project that has been running for four years with erosion scientists from 19 countries Reviews contemporary erosion processes and rates on arable and rangeland in Europe Looks at current issues, such as socio-economic drivers, controlling factors specific to the country and changes in land use
Author: Chunmiao Zheng Publisher: Wiley ISBN: 9780471285366 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Applied Contaminant Transport Modeling Theory and Practice Chunmiao Zheng and Gordon D. Bennett The design of remedial systems for groundwater contamination requires a thorough understanding of how various interacting processes — advection, dispersion, and chemical reactions — influence the movement and fate of contaminants. Solute transport simulation provides an ideal vehicle to synthesize these controlling processes, evaluate their interactions, and test the effectiveness of remedial measures. Applied Contaminant Transport Modeling is the first complete resource designed to provide clear coverage of the basic principles of solute transport simulation — including the theory behind the most common numerical techniques for solving transport equations, and step-by-step guidance on the development and use of field-scale models. Written by two experts with extensive practical experience in the field, Applied Contaminant Transport Modeling clearly explains: Factors controlling the transport and fate of solutes in the subsurface —g including advective and dispersive transport and chemical reaction — and the equations governing these processes Development of mathematical models of solute transport regimes and representative analytical solutions to the transport equation Particle tracking as a practical tool for solving many types of field problems Development of Eulerian-Lagrangian methods for solving advection-dispersion-reaction equations Step-by-step development and application of solute transport models — emphasizing problem formulation, model setup, parameter selection, calibration, and sensitivity analysis Sources of uncertainty in transport simulation, and methods of evaluating and managing uncertainty Applied Contaminant Transport Modeling presents detailed case histories illustrating how hydrologists, geologists, chemists, and environmental engineers apply transport models in real-life situations, including landfills, hazardous waste sites, and contaminated aquifers. An optional diskette designed to accompany the text provides software to help the reader explore the concepts and techniques presented in the text and gain hands-on experience in transport simulation. Driven by growing concern over groundwater quality and the rapid dissemination of computer technology, solute transport simulation has become an essential means of evaluating and solving groundwater contamination and remediation problems. Applied Contaminant Transport Modeling provides you with the tools to master this significant field of study.
Author: Adrian K. Fung Publisher: Artech House Remote Sensing Li ISBN: 9780890065235 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
"An excellent reference book. Treatment is thorough in terms of starting from some fundamental assumptions and working through the details so the reader may understand both the mathematical derivation and the physical basis for the resulting phase distribution functions (PDFs). [Fung's] discussion of the dependence of the PDF on the scattering parameters and the range of possible values is extremely helpful, and the illustration of the terrain scattering PDF is quite clear."
Author: Larry J. Segerlind Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 458
Book Description
An introductory textbook for senior/graduate couses in finite element analysis taught in all engineering departments. Covers the basic concepts of the finite element method and their application to the analysis of plane structures and two-dimensional continuum problems in heat transfer, irrotational fluid flow, and elasticity. This revised edition includes a reorganization of topics and an increase in the number of homework problems. The emphasis on numerical illustrations make topis clear without heavy use of sophisticated mathematics.
Author: Bénédicte Augeard
Author: 
Author: C. P. Murphy
Author: Malcolm E. Sumner
Author: Herbert F. Wang
Author: John Boardman
Author: Chunmiao Zheng
Author: Adrian K. Fung
Author: Larry J. Segerlind
Author: J. Sehgal