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Author: Haskell Brooks Curry Publisher: Courier Corporation ISBN: 9780486634623 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 420
Book Description
Written by a pioneer of mathematical logic, this comprehensive graduate-level text explores the constructive theory of first-order predicate calculus. It covers formal methods — including algorithms and epitheory — and offers a brief treatment of Markov's approach to algorithms. It also explains elementary facts about lattices and similar algebraic systems. 1963 edition.
Author: Haskell Brooks Curry Publisher: Courier Corporation ISBN: 9780486634623 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 420
Book Description
Written by a pioneer of mathematical logic, this comprehensive graduate-level text explores the constructive theory of first-order predicate calculus. It covers formal methods — including algorithms and epitheory — and offers a brief treatment of Markov's approach to algorithms. It also explains elementary facts about lattices and similar algebraic systems. 1963 edition.
Author: P. Lorenzen Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9401715823 Category : Philosophy Languages : en Pages : 131
Book Description
"Logic", one of the central words in Western intellectual history, compre hends in its meaning such diverse things as the Aristotelian syllogistic, the scholastic art of disputation, the transcendental logic of the Kantian critique, the dialectical logic of Hegel, and the mathematical logic of the Principia Mathematica of Whitehead and Russell. The term "Formal Logic", following Kant is generally used to distinguish formal logical reasonings, precisely as formal, from the remaining universal truths based on reason. (Cf. SCHOLZ, 1931). A text-book example of a formal-logical inference which from "Some men are philosophers" and "All philosophers are wise" concludes that "Some men are wise" is called formal, because the validity of this inference depends only on the form ofthe given sentences -in particular it does not depend on the truth or falsity of these sentences. (On the dependence of logic on natural language, English, for example, compare Section 1 and 8). The form of a sentence like "Some men are philosophers", is that which remains preserved when the given predicates, here "men" and "philosophers" are replaced by arbitrary ones. The form itself can thus be represented by replacing the given predicates by variables. Variables are signs devoid of meaning, which may serve merely to indicate the place where meaningful constants (here the predicates) are to be inserted. As variables we shall use - as did Aristotle - letters, say P, Q and R, as variables for predicates.
Author: Hans Hermes Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642871321 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 254
Book Description
This book grew out of lectures. It is intended as an introduction to classical two-valued predicate logic. The restriction to classical logic is not meant to imply that this logic is intrinsically better than other, non-classical logics; however, classical logic is a good introduction to logic because of its simplicity, and a good basis for applications because it is the foundation of classical mathematics, and thus of the exact sciences which are based on it. The book is meant primarily for mathematics students who are already acquainted with some of the fundamental concepts of mathematics, such as that of a group. It should help the reader to see for himself the advantages of a formalisation. The step from the everyday language to a formalised language, which usually creates difficulties, is dis cussed and practised thoroughly. The analysis of the way in which basic mathematical structures are approached in mathematics leads in a natural way to the semantic notion of consequence. One of the substantial achievements of modern logic has been to show that the notion of consequence can be replaced by a provably equivalent notion of derivability which is defined by means of a calculus. Today we know of many calculi which have this property.
Author: Wang Hao Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9400923562 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 394
Book Description
~Et moi ... si j'avait su comment en revenir, One service mathematics has rendered the je n'y serais point alle.' human race. It has put common sense back Jules Verne where it belongs, on the topmost shelf next to the dusty canister labelled 'discarded non· The series is divergent; therefore we may be sense'. Eric T. Bell able to do something with it. O. Heaviside Mathematics is a tool for thought. A highly necessary tool in a world where both feedback and non linearities abound. Similarly, all kinds of parts of mathematics serve as tools for other parts and for other sciences. Applying a simple rewriting rule to the quote on the right above one finds such statements as: 'One service topology has rendered mathematical physics .. .'; 'One service logic has rendered com puter science .. .'; 'One service category theory has rendered mathematics .. .'. All arguably true. And all statements obtainable this way form part of the raison d'etre of this series.
Author: Bartel Leendert van der Waerden Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3662221373 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 384
Book Description
Ever since my days as a student, economists, doctors, physiologists, biologists, and engineers have come to me with queries of a statistical nature. This book is the product of my long interest in practical solutions to such problems. Study of the literature and my own ideas have repeat edly led me to improved methods, which will be established here and applied to instructive examples taken from the natural and social sciences. Thus, I hope to help the reader avoid the many fruitless direc tions in which I worked at first. The examples are not artificially con structed from theoretical considerations but are instead taken from real situations; consequently, many of the examples require detailed explana tion. The presentation of the basic mathematical concepts is, I hope, as brief as possible without becoming incomprehensible. Some rather long theoretical arguments have been necessary, but, whenever possible, references for the more difficult proofs have been made to good text books already in existence. There would be no point in developing again the mathematical theories which have been presented clearly and in detail by Kolmogorov, Caratheodory, and Cramer.
Author: Hao Wang Publisher: Courier Corporation ISBN: 0486171043 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 290
Book Description
Noted logician discusses both theoretical underpinnings and practical applications, exploring set theory, model theory, recursion theory and constructivism, proof theory, logic's relation to computer science, and other subjects. 1981 edition, reissued by Dover in 1993 with a new Postscript by the author.
Author: A.A. Fraenkel Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0080887058 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 415
Book Description
Foundations of Set Theory discusses the reconstruction undergone by set theory in the hands of Brouwer, Russell, and Zermelo. Only in the axiomatic foundations, however, have there been such extensive, almost revolutionary, developments. This book tries to avoid a detailed discussion of those topics which would have required heavy technical machinery, while describing the major results obtained in their treatment if these results could be stated in relatively non-technical terms. This book comprises five chapters and begins with a discussion of the antinomies that led to the reconstruction of set theory as it was known before. It then moves to the axiomatic foundations of set theory, including a discussion of the basic notions of equality and extensionality and axioms of comprehension and infinity. The next chapters discuss type-theoretical approaches, including the ideal calculus, the theory of types, and Quine's mathematical logic and new foundations; intuitionistic conceptions of mathematics and its constructive character; and metamathematical and semantical approaches, such as the Hilbert program. This book will be of interest to mathematicians, logicians, and statisticians.
Author: Haskell Brooks Curry
Author: Haskell Brooks Curry
Author: 
Author: P. Lorenzen
Author: Carl Müller
Author: Hans Hermes
Author: Wang Hao
Author: Bartel Leendert van der Waerden
Author: Paul Lorenzen
Author: Hao Wang
Author: A.A. Fraenkel