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Author: P.W. Hawkes Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642815162 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 474
Book Description
No single volume has been entirely devoted to the properties of magnetic lenses, so far as I am aware, although of course all the numerous textbooks on electron optics devote space to them. The absence of such a volume, bringing together in formation about the theory and practical design of these lenses, is surprising, for their introduction some fifty years ago has created an entirely new family of commercial instruments, ranging from the now traditional transmission electron microscope, through the reflection and transmission scanning microscopes, to co lumns for micromachining and microlithography, not to mention the host of experi mental devices not available commercially. It therefore seemed useful to prepare an account of the various aspects of mag netic lens studies. These divide naturally into the five chapters of this book: the theoretical background, in which the optical behaviour is described and formu lae given for the various aberration coefficients; numerical methods for calculat ing the field distribution and trajectory tracing; extensive discussion of the paraxial optical properties and aberration coefficients of practical lenses, il lustrated with curves from which numerical information can be obtained; a comple mentary account of the practical, engineering aspects of lens design, including permanent magnet lenses and the various types of superconducting lenses; and final ly, an up-to-date survey of several kinds of highly unconventional magnetic lens, which may well change the appearance of future electron optical instruments very considerably after they cease to be unconventional.
Author: P.W. Hawkes Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642815162 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 474
Book Description
No single volume has been entirely devoted to the properties of magnetic lenses, so far as I am aware, although of course all the numerous textbooks on electron optics devote space to them. The absence of such a volume, bringing together in formation about the theory and practical design of these lenses, is surprising, for their introduction some fifty years ago has created an entirely new family of commercial instruments, ranging from the now traditional transmission electron microscope, through the reflection and transmission scanning microscopes, to co lumns for micromachining and microlithography, not to mention the host of experi mental devices not available commercially. It therefore seemed useful to prepare an account of the various aspects of mag netic lens studies. These divide naturally into the five chapters of this book: the theoretical background, in which the optical behaviour is described and formu lae given for the various aberration coefficients; numerical methods for calculat ing the field distribution and trajectory tracing; extensive discussion of the paraxial optical properties and aberration coefficients of practical lenses, il lustrated with curves from which numerical information can be obtained; a comple mentary account of the practical, engineering aspects of lens design, including permanent magnet lenses and the various types of superconducting lenses; and final ly, an up-to-date survey of several kinds of highly unconventional magnetic lens, which may well change the appearance of future electron optical instruments very considerably after they cease to be unconventional.
Author: P. Grivet Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 1483137856 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 412
Book Description
Electron Optics, Second English Edition, Part I: Optics is a 10-chapter book that begins by elucidating the fundamental features and basic techniques of electron optics, as well as the distribution of potential and field in electrostatic lenses. This book then explains the field distribution in magnetic lenses; the optical properties of electrostatic and magnetic lenses; and the similarities and differences between glass optics and electron optics. Subsequent chapters focus on lens defects; some electrostatic lenses and triode guns; and magnetic lens models. The strong focusing lenses and prism optics are also described. This book will be useful to graduating students, as well as to beginners who sometimes feel lost in the abundant specialized literature.
Author: P. W. Hawkes Publisher: ISBN: Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 268
Book Description
Good,No Highlights,No Markup,all pages are intact, Slight Shelfwear,may have the corners slightly dented, may have slight color changes/slightly damaged spine.
Author: Saul Wischnitzer Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 1483148696 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 311
Book Description
Introduction to Electron Microscopy, Second Edition provides an introduction to the foundations of electron microscopy; an outline of some practical aspects of instrument operation; and discussion of the rationale of the methodology of biological specimen preparation. The book seeks to provide a comprehensive understanding of the theoretical and operational aspects of the electron microscope. This edition consists of two parts. Part One deals with the history, basic theory, and operation of the electron microscope. Part Two discusses steps used in material preparation for electron microscope investigation such as fixation, embedding, and staining techniques. Biomedical researchers, molecular biologists, toxicologists, forensic investigators, and medical students will find this book a very useful reference.
Author: A El-Kareh Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0323150772 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 428
Book Description
Electron Beams, Lenses, and Optics, Volume I deals with the physics of electron beams, lenses, and optics and covers topics ranging from the paraxial ray in symmetrical electric fields to the analytical determination of electrostatic fields. The general properties of electrostatic lenses and the electrostatic immersion lens are also considered. Each equation except one is derived from first principles. To emphasize the physics of the discussions, elementary mathematics is used as much as possible. Comprised of eight chapters, this volume begins with an introduction to the laws that govern electron beams and light rays, including Snell's law. Some fundamental limitations to the analogy between electron optics and light optics are evaluated, together with electron rays in plane symmetrical and in rotationally symmetrical fields. Subsequent chapters explore the general properties of electrostatic lenses and electrostatic immersion lenses; electrostatic unipotential lenses; and formation of optical images by rotationally symmetrical magnetic fields. The final chapter is devoted to the symmetrical magnetic lens and its magnetic scalar potential, paying particular attention to the flux density along the z axis and factors to consider in the design of the pole pieces. This book will be of interest to students, practitioners, and researchers in physics.
Author: P.W. Hawkes
Author: P.W. Hawkes
Author: Peter Hawkes
Author: Ernst Ruska
Author: P. Grivet
Author: Carol L. Kory
Author: P. W. Hawkes
Author: Sabah Mahmood Juma
Author: Saul Wischnitzer
Author: Pierre Grivet
Author: A El-Kareh