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Author: Véronique Ghetta Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1402084226 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 596
Book Description
Global warming, shortage of low-cost oil resources and the increasing demand for energy are currently controlling the world's economic expansion while often opposing desires for sustainable and peaceful development. In this context, atomic energy satisfactorily fulfills the criteria of low carbon gas production and high overall yield. However, in the absence of industrial fast-breeders the use of nuclear fuel is not optimal, and the production of high activity waste materials is at a maximum. These are the principal reasons for the development of a new, fourth generation of nuclear reactors, minimizing the undesirable side-effects of current nuclear energy production technology while increasing yields by increasing operation temperatures and opening the way for the industrial production of hydrogen through the decomposition of water. The construction and use of such reactors is hindered by several factors, including performance limitations of known structural materials, particularly if the life of the projected systems had to extend over the periods necessary to achieve low costs (at least 60 years). This book collects lectures and seminars presented at the homonymous NATO ASI held in autumn 2007 at the Institut d’Etudes Scientifiques in Cargèse, France. The adopted approach aims at improving and coordinating basic knowledge in materials science and engineering with specific areas of condensed matter physics, the physics of particle/matter interaction and of radiation damage. It is our belief that this methodology is crucially conditioning the development and the industrial production of new structural materials capable of coping with the requirements of these future reactors.
Author: Véronique Ghetta Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1402084226 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 596
Book Description
Global warming, shortage of low-cost oil resources and the increasing demand for energy are currently controlling the world's economic expansion while often opposing desires for sustainable and peaceful development. In this context, atomic energy satisfactorily fulfills the criteria of low carbon gas production and high overall yield. However, in the absence of industrial fast-breeders the use of nuclear fuel is not optimal, and the production of high activity waste materials is at a maximum. These are the principal reasons for the development of a new, fourth generation of nuclear reactors, minimizing the undesirable side-effects of current nuclear energy production technology while increasing yields by increasing operation temperatures and opening the way for the industrial production of hydrogen through the decomposition of water. The construction and use of such reactors is hindered by several factors, including performance limitations of known structural materials, particularly if the life of the projected systems had to extend over the periods necessary to achieve low costs (at least 60 years). This book collects lectures and seminars presented at the homonymous NATO ASI held in autumn 2007 at the Institut d’Etudes Scientifiques in Cargèse, France. The adopted approach aims at improving and coordinating basic knowledge in materials science and engineering with specific areas of condensed matter physics, the physics of particle/matter interaction and of radiation damage. It is our belief that this methodology is crucially conditioning the development and the industrial production of new structural materials capable of coping with the requirements of these future reactors.
Author: M.d.Mar Rubio-Varas Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319598678 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 316
Book Description
This book analyses the economic history of the nuclear program in Spain, from its inception in the 1950s to the nuclear moratorium in the early 1980s, and investigates the economic, financial and business origins of atomic energy in Spain. The actual dimension of the Spanish nuclear sector, which exceeded the relative economic and political clout of the country at the time, reflects the combination of domestic and foreign interests. Each contribution inserts the Spanish case within the international development of nuclear energy, but also shows how the Spanish nuclear program came about, how it was financed, and who the main architects and beneficiaries at the industrial, financial, commercial and banking levels were; all without losing sight of the energy policy aspects such as energy mix and energy security. The volume provides useful analysis and sources for a variety of core fields across the social sciences including economic history of post-war Europe, industrial and energy policy, international relations and history of technology.
Author: Publisher: Odile Jacob ISBN: 2738170889 Category : Languages : en Pages : 242
Author: Didier Alcante Publisher: Abrams ISBN: 1647005302 Category : Comics & Graphic Novels Languages : en Pages : 472
Book Description
From the Big Bang to Hiroshima, the incredible story of the most disastrous weapon ever invented On August 6, 1945, at 8:15 in the morning, an explosive charge of more than 15 kilotons fell on the city of Hiroshima. Tens of thousands of people were pulverized, and everything within four square miles was instantly destroyed. A deluge of flames and ash had just caused Japan’s greatest trauma and changed the course of modern warfare and life on Earth forever. The world was horrified by the existence of the bomb—the first weapon of mass destruction. But how could such an appalling tool be invented? To answer this question, Alcante, Laurent-Frédéric Bollée, and Denis Rodier return to the origins of its main component, uranium, and shed light on the scientific discoveries around this element and its uses both civilian and military. Sifting through the history, from Katanga to Japan, through Germany, Norway, the USSR, and New Mexico,The Bomb is a succession of incredible but true stories. Alcante, Bollée, and Rodier have created an exhaustive and definitive work of nonfiction that details the stories of the unsung players as well as the remarkable men and women who are at the crux of its history and the events that followed.
Author: Serge Marguet Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030866386 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 1950
Book Description
This book offers a complete panorama of the pressurized water reactor industry, beginning from its origin in the USA and the realization of nuclear engines for naval propulsion, to its most recent developments in the field of civil energy production, particularly in France with the 56 reactors of the multinational electric utility company, Electricité de France (EDF). This comprehensive two-volume masterwork features detailed descriptions of all the crucial components driving a pressurized water nuclear reactor. Volume 1 deals with the main components, such as the main primary circuit, the reactor core, and the steam generators. Volume 2 covers the secondary circuit and the cold source, including components such as the turbine, condenser, alternator, transformers and power supply. Written by Serge Marguet, a leading specialist in reactor physics and author of several books on the subject, this book draws on his experience of more than 35 years in research and development at EDF, a global leader in civil nuclear energy. Featuring a richly illustrated, full-color iconography, as well as a detailed index and bibliography, The Technology of Pressurized Water Reactors is an indispensable work for seasoned nuclear energy professionals, as well as inquisitive newcomers to the field.
Author: Vaclav Smil Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA ISBN: 031338178X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 190
Book Description
This bold and controversial argument shows why energy transitions are inherently complex and prolonged affairs, and how ignoring this fact raises unrealistic expectations that the United States and other global economies can be weaned quickly from a primary dependency on fossil fuels. Energy transitions are fundamental processes behind the evolution of human societies: they both drive and are driven by technical, economic, and social changes. In a bold and provocative argument, Energy Transitions: History, Requirements, Prospects describes the history of modern society's dependence on fossil fuels and the prospects for the transition to a nonfossil world. Vaclav Smil, who has published more on various aspects of energy than any working scientist, makes it clear that this transition will not be accomplished easily, and that it cannot be accomplished within the timetables established by the Obama administration. The book begins with a survey of the basic properties of modern energy systems. It then offers detailed explanations of universal patterns of energy transitions, the peculiarities of changing energy use in the world's leading economies, and the coming shifts from fossil fuels to renewable conversions. Specific cases of these transitions are analyzed for eight of the world's leading energy consumers. The author closes with perspectives on the nature and pace of the coming energy transition to renewable conversions.
Author: Serge Marguet Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319595601 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 1462
Book Description
This comprehensive volume offers readers a progressive and highly detailed introduction to the complex behavior of neutrons in general, and in the context of nuclear power generation. A compendium and handbook for nuclear engineers, a source of teaching material for academic lecturers as well as a graduate text for advanced students and other non-experts wishing to enter this field, it is based on the author’s teaching and research experience and his recognized expertise in nuclear safety. After recapping a number of points in nuclear physics, placing the theoretical notions in their historical context, the book successively reveals the latest quantitative theories concerning: • The slowing-down of neutrons in matter • The charged particles and electromagnetic rays • The calculation scheme, especially the simplification hypothesis • The concept of criticality based on chain reactions • The theory of homogeneous and heterogeneous reactors • The problem of self-shielding • The theory of the nuclear reflector, a subject largely ignored in literature • The computational methods in transport and diffusion theories Complemented by more than 400 bibliographical references, some of which are commented and annotated, and augmented by an appendix on the history of reactor physics at EDF (Electricité De France), this book is the most comprehensive and up-to-date introduction to and reference resource in neutronics and reactor theory.
Author: AMIARD Jean-Claude Publisher: Lavoisier ISBN: 2743064951 Category : Languages : en Pages : 664
Book Description
L’utilisation et la gestion de l’énergie nucléaire sont des sujets sensibles. Chaque accident nucléaire majeur qui se produit soulève de nombreuses et nouvelles interrogations sur les risques radioactifs pour l’environnement et la biodiversité, et l’impact des radionucléides sur les êtres vivants et la santé. S’inscrivant au cœur du débat public, Le risque radioactif propose une synthèse complète des connaissances actuelles sur les principaux polluants radioactifs de l’environnement (uranium, transuraniens, isotopes radioactifs du césium, du strontium, de l’iode, du tritium, du carbone et de divers métaux de transition…), leur comportement et leur devenir dans les divers compartiments physiques des milieux et au sein des organismes vivants, dont l’homme. Il présente de façon claire et raisonnée : - les fondements de la physique et de la chimie nucléaires ainsi que leurs applications dans différents domaines (militaire, énergie, médecine, industrie…). Il aborde également les notions à connaître d’écologie et de génétique, et rappelle les origines anthropiques des radionucléides dans l’environnement ; - les grands principes de la radioécologie, discipline consacrée à l’étude des radionucléides, le comportement de ces derniers dans l’environnement (atmosphère, hydrosphère et lithosphère), leur mode de contamination et leur effet néfaste sur les organismes non humains ; - les principaux risques radioactifs pour l’homme (exposition, imprégnation), les mécanismes de contamination et leurs conséquences sur la santé (effets des irradiations) ; - les principaux inconvénients de l’utilisation de l’énergie nucléaire que sont les déchets radioactifs et leur gestion, et les accidents nucléaires et leur impact. Véritable ouvrage de référence multidisciplinaire, Le risque radioactif s’adresse aux ingénieurs, techniciens et industriels concernés par l’évaluation, la prévention et la gestion des risques radioactifs, aux responsables « environnement » des entreprises et collectivités ainsi qu’aux autorités de sûreté nucléaire. Il sera également utile aux enseignants et étudiants de troisième cycle ainsi qu’à toute personne souhaitant mieux comprendre le risque radioactif.
Author: Jean-Claude Amiard Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1786303353 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 372
Book Description
Detailing the estimation and perception of nuclear risk, this book follows military and civilian nuclear accidents, plus the systems put in place by national and international authorities for recording and analyzing feedback. Prevention and anticipation being the best defenses against a nuclear accident, the authorities have also categorized the different types of accidents, and are doing research to better understand and control them. In light of this, this book shows how the authorities take practical measures to protect neighboring populations and limit radioactive contamination of the environment. Frances experience in this arena is well-documented and a chapter of this book is devoted to the fight against terrorist attacks in the nuclear field. Nuclear Accidents is based on scientifically-recognized publications, as well as on reports from the various countries concerned, and the national and international organizations competent in this field (IAEA, WHO, UNSCEAR, IRSN, etc.).
Author: Véronique Ghetta
Author: Véronique Ghetta
Author: M.d.Mar Rubio-Varas
Author: 
Author: Didier Alcante
Author: 
Author: Serge Marguet
Author: Vaclav Smil
Author: Serge Marguet
Author: AMIARD Jean-Claude
Author: Jean-Claude Amiard