Labour Market Polarization and Social Policy Reform PDF Download

Author: Queen's University (Kingston, Ont.). School of Policy Studies
Publisher: Kingston, Ont. : School of Policy Studies, Queen's University
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 282

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Book Description
Labour Market Polarization and Social Policy Reform explores the dimensions of polarization and the challenges it poses for social policy reform, presenting the most recent evidence on polarization, poverty, and inequality in Canada and other nations.

Author: France St-Hilaire
Publisher: IRPP
ISBN: 9780886451868
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 356

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Book Description
After two decades of rapid technological and structural change and an overall record of poor economic performance, Canadians need to take stock of the ongoing transformation of the labour market and its implications for public policy. The fundamental changes to the nature of work itself suggest that labour and social policies established decades ago may no longer be adequate or appropriate. Moreover, the continuing perception of increased instability and worsening employment outcomes, and the growing concern over increased earnings inequality and labour market polarisation, have raised serious questions about the role of government not only in addressing the consequences of economic adjustment but also in facilitating or, worse, hampering this process. In Adapting Public Policy to a Labour Market in Transition leading labour market specialists examine specific areas of public policy that have generated considerable attention and debate in recent years. They provide new evidence on issues of utmost concern to the well-being of Canadians and a solid assessment of the challenges and avenues for policy reform.

Author: Alain Noël
Publisher: IIGR, Queen's University
ISBN: 1553390067
Category : Comparative industrial relations
Languages : en
Pages : 270

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Book Description
Though these countries vary significantly in both their federal institutions and labour market policies, they all seek to define a relatively coherent approach for federal and sub-unit governments in a policy field where collaboration and coordination appear unavoidable. In some cases, such as Germany, collaboration is highly developed and policies are ambitious and integrated; in others, such as Switzerland, diversity and decentralization are privileged and policies remain fragmented. Finally, there are countries such as the United States that do not grant much importance to labour market policies. these five federations and so help us understand how political institutions and public policies are inter-related. Federalism and labour market policies certainly influence each other, but there is no simple relationship between them. Comparing different governance and employment strategies is nevertheless very instructive because it shows the range of approaches and policies that are possible in federal countries.

Author: David H. Autor
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 143798018X
Category : Income distribution
Languages : en
Pages : 67

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Book Description
We reassess the effect of state and federal minimum wages on U.S. earnings inequality using two additional decades of data and far greater variation in minimum wages than was available to earlier studies. We argue that prior literature suffers from two sources of bias and propose an IV strategy to address both. We find that the minimum wage reduces inequality in the lower tail of the wage distribution (the 50/10 wage ratio), but the impacts are typically less than half as large as those reported elsewhere and are almost negligible for males. Nevertheless, the estimated effects extend to wage percentiles where the minimum is nominally non-binding, implying spillovers. However, we show that spillovers and measurement error (absent spillovers) have similar implications for the effect of the minimum on the shape of the lower tail of the measured wage distribution. With available precision, we cannot reject the hypothesis that estimated spillovers to non-binding percentiles are due to reporting artifacts. Accepting this null, the implied effect of the minimum wage on the actual wage distribution is smaller than the effect of the minimum wage on the measured wage distribution.

Author: Claudia Goldin
Publisher: Harvard University Press
ISBN: 0674037731
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 497

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Book Description
This book provides a careful historical analysis of the co-evolution of educational attainment and the wage structure in the United States through the twentieth century. The authors propose that the twentieth century was not only the American Century but also the Human Capital Century. That is, the American educational system is what made America the richest nation in the world. Its educational system had always been less elite than that of most European nations. By 1900 the U.S. had begun to educate its masses at the secondary level, not just in the primary schools that had remarkable success in the nineteenth century. The book argues that technological change, education, and inequality have been involved in a kind of race. During the first eight decades of the twentieth century, the increase of educated workers was higher than the demand for them. This had the effect of boosting income for most people and lowering inequality. However, the reverse has been true since about 1980. This educational slowdown was accompanied by rising inequality. The authors discuss the complex reasons for this, and what might be done to ameliorate it.

Author: International Development Research Centre (Canada)
Publisher: IDRC
ISBN: 0889367612
Category : Canada
Languages : en
Pages : 250

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Book Description
Social Policy in a Global Society: Parallels and lessons from the Canada-Latin America experience

Author: George J. Borjas
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 0226066703
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 294

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Book Description
Since the 1970s, the striking increase in immigration to the United States has been accompanied by a marked change in the composition of the immigrant community, with a much higher percentage of foreign-born workers coming from Latin America and Asia and a dramatically lower percentage from Europe. This timely study is unique in presenting new data sets on the labor force, wage rates, and demographic conditions of both the U.S. and source-area economies through the 1980s. The contributors analyze the economic effects of immigration on the United States and selected source areas, with a focus on Puerto Rico and El Salvador. They examine the education and job performance of foreign-born workers; assimilation, fertility, and wage rates; and the impact of remittances by immigrants to family members on the overall gross domestic product of source areas. A revealing and original examination of a topic of growing importance, this book will stand as a guide for further research on immigration and on the economies of developing countries.

Author: Danielle Juteau Lee
Publisher: University of Toronto Press
ISBN: 9780802084040
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 324

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Book Description
Social Differentiation examines the economic, political, and normatively defined relations that underlie the construction of social categories. Social differentiation, embedded in inequalities of power, status, wealth, and prestige, affects life chances of individuals as well as the allocation of resources and opportunities. Starting with a theoretical framework that challenges many traditional analyses, the contributors focus on four specific strands of social differentiation: gender, age, race/ethnicity, and locality. They explore the historically specific social practices, policies, and ideologies that produce distinct forms of inequality, in turn revealing and explaining such issues as the formation and maintenance of a gendered order; the privileging of prime-age workers; the penalties incurred by visible minorities in the labour market; the highly disadvantaged position of Aboriginals; and the economic decline of agriculture, resource, and fishing dependent regions. By paying special attention to political processes, norms, and representations, and by indicating how social policies shape economic functioning and relate to normative definitions, this book will interest policy-oriented researchers and decision-makers.

Author: Keith G. Banting
Publisher: McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
ISBN: 0773566260
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 510

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Book Description
The book's primary aim is to determine whether Canada and the United States have become more similar as their economies have become more integrated and their societies more diverse. The authors conclude that, although powerful economic and social pressures clearly constrain national governments and lead to convergence in some areas, distinctive cultural and political processes preserve room for distinctive national responses to important problems of the late twentieth century. Authors include Keith Banting, Paul Boothe (University of Alberta), Marsha Chandler (University of Toronto), George Hoberg, Robert Howse (University of Toronto), Christopher Manfredi (McGill University), George Perlin (Queen's University), Douglas Purvis (Queen's University), Richard Simeon, and Elaine Willis (consultant, Toronto).

Author: Engelbert Stockhammer
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1137357932
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 329

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Book Description
This volume seeks to go beyond the microeconomic view of wages as a cost having negative consequences on a given firm, to consider the positive macroeconomic dynamics associated with wages as a major component of aggregate demand.