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Author: OECD Publisher: OECD Publishing ISBN: 9264085394 Category : Languages : en Pages : 153
Book Description
How Immigrants Contribute to South Africa’s Economy is the result of a project carried out by the OECD Development Centre and the International Labour Organization, with support from the European Union.
Author: OECD Publisher: OECD Publishing ISBN: 9264085394 Category : Languages : en Pages : 153
Book Description
How Immigrants Contribute to South Africa’s Economy is the result of a project carried out by the OECD Development Centre and the International Labour Organization, with support from the European Union.
Author: Heinrich Bohlmann Publisher: ISBN: Category : Employment forecasting Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
This thesis concerns labour and migration in South Africa. We use a dynamic computable general equilibrium model to analyse the effects of a policy-induced cut to illegal immigration on the local economy. We run the same policy simulation under two distinct modelling scenarios. The first scenario portrays typical labour market conditions and behaviour associated with economies that tend to operate at or near full employment. Simulation results under Scenario 1 indicate that a cut in low-skilled immigration would detract from the long-term welfare of local workers by generating a deterioration in the occupation-mix of their employment. With less low-skilled immigrants, native workers would slip down the skills and earnings ladder. This finding supports modelling evidence for the United States presented in Dixon et al (2011).However, the South African labour market can hardly be described as 'typical'. The impact of high unemployment and a legal minimum wage at the lower end of South Africa's labour market stands in contrast to the economy implicitly described under the assumptions of Scenario 1. The second scenario recognises this contradiction between our modelling assumptions in Scenario 1 and available evidence for the South African labour market. A new wage adjustment process assumed for Scenario 2 accounts for the vast surplus of low-skilled legal workers available in the local market.Simulation results under Scenario 2 indicate that a reduction in illegal immigration would benefit legal residents. The favourable result in Scenario 2 relative to that in Scenario 1 is driven by two factors. The first is a much larger gain in legal employment at the lower end of the market. With illegal labour becoming scarcer, employers shift some of their demand for labour towards legal workers. Under Scenario 2, very little wage pressure arises from this increased demand for legal workers, resulting in a significant upsurge in their employment levels relative to that in Scenario 1.The second factor is that the occupation-mix effect is considerably less negative in Scenario 2 than in Scenario 1. In the absence of wage increases in low-skilled occupations, Scenario 1 does not generate a shift in legal work preferences towards these occupations. By presenting both modelling scenarios we are able to better understand and explain our simulation results. We are also able to clearly contrast our set of results against those in the Dixon et al (2011) study of the United States, which used a similar methodology. The importance of applying suitable labour market mechanisms when modelling the South African economy is highlighted.Two main contributions emerge from this thesis. The first relates to the policy simulations. Detailed analysis of the impact of reduced illegal immigration on the South African economy provides policymakers and researchers with fresh evidence based on a state-of-the-art methodology. The second relates to the economic model. In developing the theory and database of the model used in this study we establish a flexible analytical framework to evaluate many other topical issues in South Africa. The detailed and economy-wide nature of the model is well-suited to not only conducting policy analysis, but also forecasting and historical analysis.
Author: Bill Paton Publisher: Springer ISBN: 1349134996 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 409
Book Description
The book's broad theme is that the evolution of the power to control labour flows among different territorial jurisdictions was of major importance in the formation of a system of states. Labour export policy in eight countries in Southern Africa is examined over roughly the century 1890-1990 in Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. The proportion of the total population absent working in another country is graphed for each, and combined, over the same period.
Author: L. M. Sachikonye Publisher: Sappho ISBN: Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 158
Book Description
Contains seven essays which discuss, inter alia, labour migration, labour relations in export processing zones, and women cross-border traders in Southern Africa. Includes the draft protocol on the free movement of persons of the Southern Africa Development Community.
Author: Pieter Kok (Zuid-Afrika.) Publisher: HSRC Press ISBN: 9780796921130 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 380
Book Description
Covers three broad areas: macro-level migration trends in sub-Saharan Africa; micro-level factors in South African migration; and a synthesis of current migration theory.
Author: Hangwelani Hope Magidimisha Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319592351 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 244
Book Description
This book offers a socio-historical analysis of migration and the possibilities of regional integration in Southern Africa. It examines both the historical roots of and contemporary challenges regarding the social, economic, and geo-political causes of migration and its consequences (i.e. xenophobia) to illustrate how ‘diaspora’ migrations have shaped a sense of identity, citizenry, and belonging in the region. By discussing immigration policies and processes and highlighting how the struggle for belonging is mediated by new pressures concerning economic security, social inequality, and globalist challenges, the book develops policy responses to the challenge of social and economic exclusion, as well as xenophobic violence, in Southern Africa. This timely and highly informative book will appeal to all scholars, activists, and policy-makers looking to revisit migration policies and realign them with current globalization and regional integration trends.
Author: Dilip Ratha Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: 0821370731 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 70
Book Description
"South-South Migration and Remittances" reports on preliminary results from an ongoing effort to improve data on bilateral migration stocks. It sets out some working hypotheses on the determinants and socioeconomic implications of South-South migration. Contrary to popular perception that migration is mostly a South-North phenomenon, South-South migration is large. Available data from national censuses suggest that nearly half of the migrants from developing countries reside in other developing countries. Almost 80 percent of South-South migration takes place between countries with contiguous borders. Estimates of South-South remittances range from 9 to 30 percent of developing countries' remittance receipts in 2005. Although the impact of South-South migration on the income of migrants and natives is smaller than for South-North migration, small increases in income can have substantial welfare implications for the poor. The costs of South-South remittances are even higher than those of North-South remittances. These findings suggest that policymakers should pay attention to the complex challenges that developing countries face not only as countries of origin, but also as countries of destination.
Author: Aurelia Segatti Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: 0821387677 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 207
Book Description
Building on global interest in migration development, the volume draws attention to one of the most important migration systems in sub-Saharan Africa. It reviews South Africa’s approach to international migration in the post-apartheid period from a regional development perspective, highlighting key policy issues, debates, and consequences. The authors find at least three areas where migration is resulting in important development impacts. First, by offering options to those affected by conflict and crises in a region that has limited formal disaster management and social protection systems. Second, by mitigating shortcomings and distortions in regional labour markets. Third, by providing support to struggling rural economies and ever expanding urban areas in terms of livelihoods and social capital transfers. Chapter One consists of a study of the country’s historical experience of migration and, in particular, analyses the changes in official attitudes throughout the twentieth century, indicating the roots of contemporary ideas and policy dilemmas. Chapters Two, Three, Four and Five complement this analysis of the South African State’s capacity to reform and manage the South African migration situation by looking at often neglected dimensions: the first explores the question of skilled labour, a crucial question given the unbalanced structure of the South African labour market; the second examines the impact of migration on local government in South African cities and specifically implications for urban planning, service delivery, health, security, and political accountability; the third analyses the nature of undocumented migration to South Africa and the challenges it raises to both State and non-State actors; The book concludes with an examination of health as a critical issue when examining the relationship between migration and development in South Africa, in light of recent empirical data.
Author: OECD
Author: OECD
Author: Heinrich Bohlmann
Author: W. R. Böhning
Author: Bill Paton
Author: L. M. Sachikonye
Author: Pieter Kok (Zuid-Afrika.)
Author: Hangwelani Hope Magidimisha
Author: Dilip Ratha
Author: Aurelia Segatti
Author: Hilton Toolo