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Author: Fatih Aktas Publisher: ISBN: 9781303290329 Category : Languages : en Pages : 60
Book Description
This research investigates the contribution of community colleges to U.S. college graduates' salary and participation in the labor market. Using a quantitative approach to a human capital framework, this study investigates annual salary and employment rate differences between only bachelor's degree holders and both an associate's and a bachelor's degree holders. Labor market expectations have led to increasing attention on community-college and four-year college graduates throughout the late 20th and early 21 st centuries. This research tests these labor market expectations and asks whether degree-type contributes to annual salary and employment status in the labor market. The data from the 2008 National Survey of Recent College Graduates administered by the National Science Foundation was used to examine annual salary and employment rate differences. The analyses reported here show that degree type has a slight positive impact on annual salary and employment status. However, there are other factors such as gender, age, race/ethnicity that mediate the positive impact of having both an associate's degree and a bachelor's degree on annual salary and labor market participation. These findings suggest that examining background factors and educational history together rather than focusing only on the relationship between degree type and labor market outcomes is needed in further analyses.
Author: Fatih Aktas Publisher: ISBN: 9781303290329 Category : Languages : en Pages : 60
Book Description
This research investigates the contribution of community colleges to U.S. college graduates' salary and participation in the labor market. Using a quantitative approach to a human capital framework, this study investigates annual salary and employment rate differences between only bachelor's degree holders and both an associate's and a bachelor's degree holders. Labor market expectations have led to increasing attention on community-college and four-year college graduates throughout the late 20th and early 21 st centuries. This research tests these labor market expectations and asks whether degree-type contributes to annual salary and employment status in the labor market. The data from the 2008 National Survey of Recent College Graduates administered by the National Science Foundation was used to examine annual salary and employment rate differences. The analyses reported here show that degree type has a slight positive impact on annual salary and employment status. However, there are other factors such as gender, age, race/ethnicity that mediate the positive impact of having both an associate's degree and a bachelor's degree on annual salary and labor market participation. These findings suggest that examining background factors and educational history together rather than focusing only on the relationship between degree type and labor market outcomes is needed in further analyses.
Author: Veronica Minaya Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 30
Book Description
Over the past few years, a multitude of studies have examined the labor market returns to community college credentials, taking advantage of new administrative datasets that link college transcripts to quarterly earnings records and allow for comparisons of students' earnings before and after enrollment. These studies, however, typically follow students for only four to six years after initial entry, meaning they may only be observed for a year or two after graduation. Graduates' early labor market experiences may not fully capture the returns to completion, and may particularly distort comparisons of longer versus shorter duration credential programs. We extend the literature by examining returns to terminal associate degrees and certificates up to 11 years after students initially entered a community college in Ohio. We use an individual fixed-effects approach that controls for students' pre-enrollment earnings and allows the returns to credential completion to vary over time. Additionally, we examine how the returns to credential completion shift as students enter and exit the Great Recession, as well as how credentials affect other labor market outcomes such as employment stability and the likelihood of earning a "living wage." Our results confirm prior findings regarding the positive early returns to associate degrees and long-term certificates. However, the value of an associate degree grows substantially after graduation while the returns to a long-term certificate remain flat. Returns to associate degrees are notably higher during the recession (the patterns for certificates are more muted and vary by gender). Finally, we find that while both associate degrees and long-term certificates increase the likelihood and stability of employment, associate degrees lead to much higher paying jobs and a greater likelihood of earning a living wage. We conclude with a discussion of policy implications.
Author: Peter Riley Bahr Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 40
Book Description
We examine the relative labor market gains experienced by first-time college students who enrolled in five community colleges in Michigan in 2003 and 2004. We track credentials, credits, earnings, and employment for these students through 2011. We compare labor market outcomes of those who earned a credential (associate degree or certificate) to those who enrolled but did not earn a credential. The data sources consist of administrative records data from the colleges, Unemployment Insurance earnings data from the State of Michigan, and enrollment and graduation data from the National Student Clearinghouse. Our analytic sample consists of 20,581 students. We find that students who were awarded a long-term certificate (referred to as a "diploma" in some states, including North Carolina) earned $2,500 to $3,600 more per year than did those without a credential, with the larger returns concentrated among men. For associate degrees, the estimated returns were $9,400 for women and $5,600 for men. Women saw little gain when awarded a short-term certificate, while men gained $5,200 per year. Estimated returns were highest in health-related and technical fields. Two appendices are included: (1) Analysis of Non-Credit Courses and Awards; and (2) Coding of Fields and Subfields of Study.
Author: James E. Rosenbaum Publisher: Russell Sage Foundation ISBN: 1610448685 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 212
Book Description
College-for-all has become the new American dream. Most high school students today express a desire to attend college, and 90% of on-time high school graduates enroll in higher education in the eight years following high school. Yet, degree completion rates remain low for non-traditional students—students who are older, low-income, or have poor academic achievement—even at community colleges that endeavor to serve them. What can colleges do to reduce dropouts? In Bridging the Gaps, education scholars James Rosenbaum, Caitlin Ahearn, and Janet Rosenbaum argue that when institutions focus only on bachelor’s degrees and traditional college procedures, they ignore other pathways to educational and career success. Using multiple longitudinal studies, the authors evaluate the shortcomings and successes of community colleges and investigate how these institutions can promote alternatives to BAs and traditional college procedures to increase graduation rates and improve job payoffs. The authors find that sub-baccalaureate credentials—associate degrees and college certificates—can improve employment outcomes. Young adults who complete these credentials have higher employment rates, earnings, autonomy, career opportunities, and job satisfaction than those who enroll but do not complete credentials. Sub-BA credentials can be completed at community college in less time than bachelor’s degrees, making them an affordable option for many low-income students. Bridging the Gaps shows that when community colleges overemphasize bachelor’s degrees, they tend to funnel resources into remedial programs, and try to get low-performing students on track for a BA. Yet, remedial programs have inconsistent success rates and can create unrealistic expectations, leading struggling students to drop out before completing any degree. The authors show that colleges can devise procedures that reduce remedial placements and help students discover unseen abilities, attain valued credentials, get good jobs, and progress on degree ladders to higher credentials. To turn college-for-all into a reality, community college students must be aware of their multiple credential and career options. Bridging the Gaps shows how colleges can create new pathways for non-traditional students to achieve success in their schooling and careers.
Author: Jerold S. Laguilles Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1119326133 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 114
Book Description
The post-graduation outcomes of college students are being more widely used as key metrics to demonstrate institutional effectiveness to both external agencies and internal stakeholders. Institutional research offices play an integral role in these data collection efforts. However, underlying challenges exist regarding obtaining an adequate amount of survey responses and salary or earnings information. This volume focuses on the first-destination outcomes (e.g., earnings, employment, graduate/ professional school enrollment) of college graduates while recognizing that other outcomes are also relevant across institutional settings. Through the use of current research, case studies, and best practices, each chapter highlights how postgraduate outcomes information is collected and used across the higher education spectrum. In this volume readers will learn: the internal and external demands for these data, the strengths and challenges of their data, and how to best communicate these data to various constituents. This is the 169th volume of this Jossey-Bass quarterly report series. Timely and comprehensive, New Directions for Institutional Research provides planners and administrators in all types of academic institutions with guidelines in such areas as resource coordination, information analysis, program evaluation, and institutional management.
Author: James E. Rosenbaum Publisher: Russell Sage Foundation ISBN: 1610444787 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 281
Book Description
Enrollment at America's community colleges has exploded in recent years, with five times as many entering students today as in 1965. However, most community college students do not graduate; many earn no credits and may leave school with no more advantages in the labor market than if they had never attended. Experts disagree over the reason for community colleges' mixed record. Is it that the students in these schools are under-prepared and ill-equipped for the academic rigors of college? Are the colleges themselves not adapting to keep up with the needs of the new kinds of students they are enrolling? In After Admission, James Rosenbaum, Regina Deil-Amen, and Ann Person weigh in on this debate with a close look at this important trend in American higher education. After Admission compares community colleges with private occupational colleges that offer accredited associates degrees. The authors examine how these different types of institutions reach out to students, teach them social and cultural skills valued in the labor market, and encourage them to complete a degree. Rosenbaum, Deil-Amen, and Person find that community colleges are suffering from a kind of identity crisis as they face the inherent complexities of guiding their students towards four-year colleges or to providing them with vocational skills to support a move directly into the labor market. This confusion creates administrative difficulties and problems allocating resources. However, these contradictions do not have to pose problems for students. After Admission shows that when colleges present students with clear pathways, students can effectively navigate the system in a way that fits their needs. The occupational colleges the authors studied employed close monitoring of student progress, regular meetings with advisors and peer cohorts, and structured plans for helping students meet career goals in a timely fashion. These procedures helped keep students on track and, the authors suggest, could have the same effect if implemented at community colleges. As college access grows in America, institutions must adapt to meet the needs of a new generation of students. After Admission highlights organizational innovations that can help guide students more effectively through higher education.
Author: Fatih Aktas
Author: Fatih Aktas
Author: Veronica Minaya
Author: Peter Riley Bahr
Author: Carnegie Commission on Higher Education
Author: Brian J. Surette
Author: James E. Rosenbaum
Author: Jerold S. Laguilles
Author: Seymour Edwin Harris
Author: Robert A. Fitzgerald
Author: James E. Rosenbaum