Author: Robin S. Goldstein Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 1483269701 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 503
Book Description
Toxic Interactions is a collection of papers that discusses the basic principles behind the mechanism of toxicological interactions. This book deals with interacting chemicals and their effects on certain exposed organs or molecules. Concerning discussion of the principles, contributed papers explain the role of xenobiotic biotransformation processes in inactivating reactive intermediates of toxicants. Other authors discuss the effects of endogenous molecules and the consequences of chemically induced depletion of protective agents, as well as the pharmacokinetic principles that affect chemical interactions. Several authors also review experiments on the types of chemicals that produce or increase the degree of toxicity. The text reviews the results of liver and kidney injuries from exposure to two or more chemicals, while other papers focus on lung and heart toxicity. For example, direct mechanism of cardio toxicity includes toxicity due to an increase in plasma concentrations of the compound, or as in latent cardiac toxicity that is a product of another action on another system of organs. Professors in pharmacology, practitioners of general medicine, specialists or researchers dealing with microchemistry, toxicology or drug therapy will find this reference valuable.
Author: M.A.Q. Khan Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 1483182339 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 417
Book Description
Toxicology of Halogenated Hydrocarbons: Health and Ecological Effects covers the papers of a symposium held at the 2nd Chemical Congress of the North American Continent and the 180th national meeting of the American Chemical Society in fall of 1980 in Las Vegas, Nevada, USA. The book contains papers on human exposure and health effects; hepatotoxicity and carcinogenicity; and cytotoxicity, teratogenicity, mutagenicity, and neurotoxicity. The text also presents papers on the metabolism and toxicodynamics of halogenated hydrocarbons, as well as the embryotoxicity and environmental fate related to halogenated hydrocarbons in animals and humans.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309045312 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 167
Book Description
Scientists agree that exposure to toxic agents in the environment can cause neurological and psychiatric illnesses ranging from headaches and depression to syndromes resembling parkinsonism. It can even result in death at high exposure levels. The emergence of subclinical neurotoxicity-the concept that long-term impairments can escape clinical detection-makes the need for risk assessment even more critical. This volume paves the way toward definitive solutions, presenting the current consensus on risk assessment and environmental toxicants and offering specific recommendations. The book covers: The biologic basis of neurotoxicity. Progress in the application of biologic markers. Reviews of a wide range of in vitro and in vivo testing techniques. The use of surveillance and epidemiology to identify neurotoxic hazards that escape premarket screening. Research needs. This volume will be an important resource for policymakers, health specialists, researchers, and students.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309048753 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 402
Book Description
Many of the pesticides applied to food crops in this country are present in foods and may pose risks to human health. Current regulations are intended to protect the health of the general population by controlling pesticide use. This book explores whether the present regulatory approaches adequately protect infants and children, who may differ from adults in susceptibility and in dietary exposures to pesticide residues. The committee focuses on four major areas: Susceptibility: Are children more susceptible or less susceptible than adults to the effects of dietary exposure to pesticides? Exposure: What foods do infants and children eat, and which pesticides and how much of them are present in those foods? Is the current information on consumption and residues adequate to estimate exposure? Toxicity: Are toxicity tests in laboratory animals adequate to predict toxicity in human infants and children? Do the extent and type of toxicity of some chemicals vary by species and by age? Assessing risk: How is dietary exposure to pesticide residues associated with response? How can laboratory data on lifetime exposures of animals be used to derive meaningful estimates of risk to children? Does risk accumulate more rapidly during the early years of life? This book will be of interest to policymakers, administrators of research in the public and private sectors, toxicologists, pediatricians and other health professionals, and the pesticide industry.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309044375 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 224
Book Description
The National Human Monitoring Program (NHMP) identifies concentrations of specific chemicals in human tissues, including toxicologic testing and risk assessment determinations. This volume evaluates the current activities of the NHMP; identifies important scientific, technical, and programmatic issues; and makes recommendations regarding the design of the program and use of its products.
Author: Ernest Hodgson Publisher: Nature Publishing Group ISBN: 9781561592166 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 504
Book Description
With over 4,000 insightful definitions, Dictionary of Toxicology is the only book to bring together in one place the language of toxicology. This edition contains 40% new material in areas such as molecular, environmental and regulatory toxicology. In addition, one third of the first edition entries have been revised. A new comprehensive subject area index guides users to all entries pertinent to particular topical areas. Ideal for those studying and/or working in toxicology, pharmacology, medicine, biotechnology, R&D in industry, government and science policy.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309064198 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 453
Book Description
Some investigators have hypothesized that estrogens and other hormonally active agents found in the environment might be involved in breast cancer increases and sperm count declines in humans as well as deformities and reproductive problems seen in wildlife. This book looks in detail at the science behind the ominous prospect of "estrogen mimics" threatening health and well-being, from the level of ecosystems and populations to individual people and animals. The committee identifies research needs and offers specific recommendations to decision-makers. This authoritative volume: Critically evaluates the literature on hormonally active agents in the environment and identifies known and suspected toxicologic mechanisms and effects of fish, wildlife, and humans. Examines whether and how exposure to hormonally active agents occursâ€"in diet, in pharmaceuticals, from industrial releases into the environmentâ€"and why the debate centers on estrogens. Identifies significant uncertainties, limitations of knowledge, and weaknesses in the scientific literature. The book presents a wealth of information and investigates a wide range of examples across the spectrum of life that might be related to these agents.
Author: J. Routt Reigart Publisher: DIANE Publishing ISBN: 1437914527 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 238
Book Description
This 5th ed. is an update and expansion of the 1989 4th ed. This EPA manual provides health professionals with information on the health hazards of pesticides currently in use, and current consensus recommendations for management of poisonings and injuries caused by them. As with previous updates, this new ed. incorporates new pesticide products that are not necessarily widely known among health professionals. Contents: (1) General Information: Introduction; General Principles in the Management of Acute Pesticide Poisonings; Environmental and Occupational History; (2) Insecticides; (3) Herbicides; (4) Other Pesticides; (5) Index of Signs and Symptoms; Index of Pesticide Products. Charts and tables.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309065445 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 235
Book Description
The Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC) of the State of California Environmental Protection Agency is in the process of complying with the Regulatory Structure Update. The Regulatory Structure Update is a comprehensive review and refocusing of California's system for identifying and regulating management of hazardous wastes. As part of this effort, the DTSC proposes to change its current waste classification system that categorizes wastes as hazardous or nonhazardous based on their toxicity. Under the proposed system there would be two risk-based thresholds rather than the single toxicity threshold currently used to distinguish between the wastes. Wastes that contain specific chemicals at concentrations that exceed the upper threshold will be designated as hazardous; those below the lower threshold will be nonhazardous; and those with chemical concentrations between the two thresholds will be "special" wastes and subject to variances for management and disposal. The proposed DTSC system combines toxicity information with short or long-term exposure information to determine the risks associated with the chemicals. Under section 57004 of the California Health and Safety Code, the scientific basis of the proposed waste classification system is subject to external scientific peer review by the National Academy of Sciences, the University of California, or other similar institution of higher learning or group of scientists. This report addresses that regulatory requirement.
Author: Robin S. Goldstein
Author: M.A.Q. Khan
Author: National Research Council
Author: National Research Council
Author: National Research Council
Author: Ernest Hodgson
Author: National Research Council
Author: J. Routt Reigart
Author: 
Author: National Research Council