Juvenile Life History, Downstream Migration Rate, and Survival of Wild Snake River Fall Chinook Salmon PDF Download

Author: William P. Connor
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chinook salmon
Languages : en
Pages : 200

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Author:
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ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 55

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This study was initiated to provide empirical data and analyses on the dam passage timing, travel rate, survival, and life history variation of fall Chinook salmon that are produced in the Clearwater River. The area of interest for this study focuses on the lower four miles of the Clearwater River and its confluence with the Snake River because this is an area where many fish delay their seaward migration. The goal of the project is to increase our understanding of the environmental and biological factors that affect juvenile life history of fall Chinook salmon in the Clearwater River. The following summaries are provided for each of the individual chapters in this report.

Author: William P. Connor
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 80

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This report summarizes results of research activities conducted in 2004 and years previous to aid in the management and recovery of fall Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha in the Columbia River basin. For detailed summaries, we refer the reader to the abstracts given on the second page of each chapter. The Annual Reporting section includes information provided to fishery managers in-season and post-season, and it contains a detailed summary of life history and survival statistics on wild Snake River fall Chinook salmon juveniles for the years 1992-2004. Publication is a high priority of our staff. Publication provides our results to a wide audience, and it insures that our work meets high scientific standards. The Bibliography of Published Journal Articles section provides citations for peer-reviewed papers co-authored by personnel of project 1991-02900 that were written or published from 1998 to 2005.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 72

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This report summarizes results of research activities conducted in 2002 and years previous to aid in the management and recovery of fall chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha in the Columbia River basin. The report is divided into self-standing chapters. For detailed summaries, we refer the reader to the abstracts given on the second page of each chapter. The Annual Reporting section includes information provided to fishery managers in-season and post-season, and it contains a detailed summary of life history and survival statistics on wild Snake River fall chinook salmon juveniles for the years 1992-2002. Peer-review publication remains a high priority of this research project, and it insures that our work meets high scientific standards. The Bibliography of Published Journal Articles section provides citations for peer-reviewed papers coauthored by personnel of project 199102900 that were written or published from 1998 to 2003.

Author: Nick Bouwes
Publisher: Createspace Independent Pub
ISBN: 9781479184460
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 52

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Mass transportation of juvenile fish in the lower Snake River was initiated in the late 1970's in an effort to reduce mortality of salmon and steelhead during downstream migration. Fish are transported in barges and trucks to below BON, thereby circumventing direct mortality due to passage through the hydroelectric projects and reservoirs. Measurement of the efficacy of smolt transportation has taken the form of studies of “T/C” (transport/control) ratios. These mark recapture studies measured the smolt-to-adult return rates (SARs) of test fish, which were transported, and control fish which were returned to the river. These studies estimated the relative effectiveness of transportation to improve survival rates of fish from the site where they were collected as juveniles back to (usually) the same site when they returned as adults. Included in this T/C ratio is any differential mortality from the collection point to the end of the hydrosystem (to BON tailrace), as well as any differential mortality from below BON to the adult recapture site(s). Although fish generally appear to survive reasonably well while in the trucks and barges, it is harder to gauge how well transported fish survive below BON, after they are released and continue their life cycle in the estuary and ocean. NMFS suggests there may be partial support for delaying a decision to breach the lower Snake River hydroelectric dams because 'D' estimates, using “improved methods provided by PIT-tag technology”, appears to be high for the recent past (A-Fish). Based on these estimates, NMFS further suggest that “ongoing experiments by NMFS are likely to resolve the uncertainty regarding differential delayed transportation mortality in 5 to 10 years.” Alternatively, the Plan for Analyzing and Testing Hypotheses (PATH) analyses include a larger set of T/C studies and stock recruitment data that suggests 'D' is low, which lends support to breaching of the four Snake River dams as the most robust hydro action for recovery of Snake River salmon and steelhead (Marmorek et al. 1998). In this paper, we evaluate the NMFS conclusion that 'D' is now much higher than previously thought (A-Fish), demonstrate the sensitivity of estimates of 'D' to the numerous assumptions required to make an estimate of 'D', clarify and discuss the evidence for and against various interpretations of these assumptions, and discuss the possibility of improving estimates of 'D' in the future. We note that 'D' is not a measurement. Instead, it is an indirect estimate from data and requires numerous assumptions, with many different possible interpretations. In our analysis we evaluate the effect of these different assumptions on 'D' estimates: 1) including and excluding different control and transport groups; 2) using different techniques to expand reach survival rate estimates from a shorter experimental reach to the entire migration corridor; 3) using different approaches to weight cohort reach survival rate estimates to produce seasonal estimates; 4) using different approaches to summarize experimental groups on a daily or on a weekly basis for wild fish only or wild and hatchery fish combined; and finally 5) using different approaches of pooling or averaging estimates across years. In addition, the effects of using alternative tools (passage models) to estimate reach survival rates on 'D' value estimates were evaluated.

Author: National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Water Resources Management, Instream Flows, and Salmon Survival in the Columbia River Basin
Publisher: National Academy Press
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 274

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Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com).

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 199

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This report summarizes results of research activities conducted in 2000, 2001, and years previous to aid in the management and recovery of fall chinook salmon in the Columbia River basin. The report is divided into sections and self-standing chapters. For detailed summaries, we refer the reader to the abstracts given on the second page of each chapter. The Annual Reporting section includes information provided to fishery managers in-season and post-season, and it contains a detailed summary of life history and survival statistics on wild Snake River fall chinook salmon juveniles for the years 1992-2001. The Journal Manuscripts section includes complete copies of papers submitted or published during 2000 and 2001 that were not included in previous annual reports. Publication is a high priority for this project because it provides our results to a wide audience, it ensures that our work meets high scientific standards, and we believe that it is a necessary obligation of a research project. The Bibliography of Published Journal Articles section provides citations for peer-reviewed papers co-authored by personnel of project 199102900 that were published from 1998 to 2001.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 90

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In 2007, we used radio and acoustic telemetry to evaluate the migratory behavior, survival, mortality, and delay of subyearling fall Chinook salmon in the Clearwater River and Lower Granite Reservoir. Monthly releases of radio-tagged fish ((almost equal to)95/month) were made from May through October and releases of 122-149/month acoustic-tagged fish per month were made from August through October. We compared the size at release of our tagged fish to that which could have been obtained at the same time from in-river, beach seine collections made by the Nez Perce Tribe. Had we relied on in-river collections to obtain our fish, we would have obtained very few in June from the free-flowing river but by late July and August over 90% of collected fish in the transition zone were large enough for tagging. Detection probabilities of radio-tagged subyearlings were generally high ranging from 0.60 (SE=0.22) to 1.0 (SE=0) in the different study reaches and months. Lower detection probabilities were observed in the confluence and upper reservoir reaches where fewer fish were detected. Detection probabilities of acoustic-tagged subyearlings were also high and ranged from 0.86 (SE=0.09) to 1.0 (SE=0) in the confluence and upper reservoir reaches during August through October. Estimates of the joint probability of migration and survival generally declined in a downstream direction for fish released from June through August. Estimates were lowest in the transition zone (the lower 7 km of the Clearwater River) for the June release and lowest in the confluence area for July and August releases. The joint probability of migration and survival in these reaches was higher for the September and October releases, and were similar to those of fish released in May. Both fish weight and length at tagging were significantly correlated with the joint probability of migrating and surviving for both radio-tagged and acoustic-tagged fish. For both tag types, fish that were heavier at tagging had a higher probability of successfully passing through the confluence (P=0.0050 for radio-tagged fish; P=0.0038 for acoustic-tagged fish). Radio-tagged fish with greater weight at tagging also had a higher probability of migrating and surviving through both the lower free-flowing reach (P=0.0497) and the transition zone (P=0.0007). Downstream movement rates of radio-tagged subyearlings were highest in free-flowing reaches in every month and decreased considerably with impoundment. Movement rates were slowest in the transition zone for the June and August release groups, and in the confluence reach for the July release group. For acoustic-tagged subyearlings, the slowest movement rates through the confluence and upper reservoir reaches were observed for the September release group. Radio-tagged fish released in August showed the greatest delay in the transition zone, while acoustic-tagged fish released in September showed the greatest delay in the transition zone and confluence reaches. Across the monthly release groups from July through September, the probability of delaying in the transition zone and surviving there declined throughout the study. All monthly release groups of radio-tagged subyearlings showed evidence of mortality within the transition zone, with final estimates (across the full 45-d detection period) ranging from 0.12 (SE not available) for the May release group to 0.58 (SE = 0.06) for the June release group. The May and September release groups tended to have lower mortality in the transition zone than the June, July, and August release groups. Live fish were primarily detected away from shore in the channel, whereas all dead fish were located along shorelines with most being located in the vicinity of the Memorial Bridge and immediately upstream. During the May detection period, before the implementation of summer flow augmentation, temperatures in the Clearwater River and Snake River arms of Lower Granite Reservoir and the downstream boundary of the confluence ranged from 8 to 17 C. During the June-August detection periods, however, temperatures in the Clearwater River arm ranged from 10-16 C down to 7 m and the Snake River arm was above 20 C down to a depth of 9 m. Incomplete mixing between the two water sources resulted in significant vertical temperature variation at the downstream boundary of the confluence during a large portion of the June-August detection periods. This variation diminished during the September and October detection periods when temperatures once again fell to 17 C and lower and eventually became uniformly distributed throughout the water column in the confluence.

Author: Matthew L. Keefer
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chinook salmon
Languages : en
Pages : 47

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Author: Katherine E. Gillies-Rector
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chinook salmon
Languages : en
Pages : 114

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Understanding the conditions that produce diverse salmonid migration strategies is challenging in a large river network where life history trajectories arise from multiple biotic and abiotic factors. Because early growth is closely linked to migration initiation, identifying the growth conditions experienced by individual fish at a small time scale is crucial. Here, we paired a long-term otolith dataset with a detailed bioenergetic assessment of early growth opportunity in a population of Chinook salmon to identify how growth conditions related to migration initiation. In the Snake river population of fall Chinook salmon, juveniles historically migrated their first summer, but in recent years an overwintering migration strategy has emerged. Using otolith microchemistry and microstructure analysis, we determined that a significant proportion of fish from both the Clearwater and Snake rivers overwinter and migrate the following spring. Notably, Clearwater origin fish that migrated as yearlings performed a larger proportion of their freshwater growth in natal habitat than Snake origin fish. We also found higher growth and consumption during the early growth period for fish originating in the Snake river and downstream reservoir compared to the Clearwater river, by comparing relative growth and consumption using a daily time-step bioenergetics model. The combined bioenergetics and migration analysis demonstrates that while both Snake river and Clearwater origin fish express the overwintering strategy, their relative growth in natal habitats differ. These findings suggest that the yearling migration strategy may arise from different conditions throughout the population, though the net effect is the increasing prevalence of this strategy.