Author: Susanne Boutrup Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers ISBN: 9289328150 Category : Languages : en Pages : 12
Book Description
Strategy and results This brochure highlights the work conducted by the Joint Nordic screening group. The activities in the Joint Nordic Screening Group can be divided into three areas: 1) Joint screening studies, 2) Sharing knowledge by organizing seminars and 3) literature studies. The aim of the joint Nordic screening studies is to obtain a snapshot of the occurrence of emerging pollutants in the environment. A Nordic cooperation on screening studies is an advantage for increased representativity of the results since it is possible to include a larger number of samples in a larger area than normally in national studies. In addition, it is cost effective and makes it easy to compare results with neighbouring countries. The group has its own webpage, from where the reports can be downloaded.
Author: Martin Schlabach Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers ISBN: 9289352000 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 88
Book Description
This report describes the results of a suspect screening study in samples from city areas in the Nordic countries. In contrast to target analysis, suspect screening starts with a general sample preparation and identification including as much compounds as possible. The resulting list of recorded compounds will be identified by comparison with a list of suspected compounds. Suspect screening has shown to be very useful for identification of emerging environmental pollutants. It was possible to identify: Perfluorinated compounds (PFC), chlorinated and brominated compounds, flame retardants, bisphenols, polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAC), industrial additives, and pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCP). This study was jointly performed by NILU, NIVA, and Umeå University on behalf of the Nordic Council of Ministers. The study was supervised by the Nordic screening group.
Author: Anna Kärrman Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers ISBN: 9289360623 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 156
Book Description
This report describes a screening study of in all ninety-nine conventional and emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in the Nordic environment. In addition, extractable organic fluorine (EOF) was analysed. The latter can provide the amount, but not identity, of organofluorine in the samples, which in turn can be used to assess the mass balance between known and unknown PFASs. The study was initiated by the Nordic Screening Group and funded by these and the Nordic Council of Ministers through the Chemicals Group.A total of 102 samples were analyzed in this study, including bird eggs, fish, marine mammals, terrestrial mammals, surface water, WWTP effluents and sludge, and air. Samples were collected by institutes from the participating countries and self-governing areas; Denmark, Faroe Islands, Finland, Greenland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden.
Author: Gretta Goldenman Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers ISBN: 9289360658 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 194
Book Description
PFAS (per and polyfluoroalkylsubstances) are known to be extremely difficult to degrade in the environment and to be bioaccumulative and toxic. Exposure to PFAS is suspected to increase the risk of adverse health effects, such as impacts on the thyroid gland, the liver, fat metabolism and the immune system. This study estimates the socioeconomic costs that may result from impacts on human health and the environment from the use of PFAS. Better awareness of the costs and problems associated with PFAS exposure will assist decision-makers and the general public to make more efficient and timely risk management decisions. Findings indicate that the costs are substantial, with annual health-related costs estimated to 2.8 – 4.6 billion EUR for the Nordic countries and 52 – 84 billion EUR for all EEA countries. Overall non-health costs are estimated at 46 million – 11 billion EUR for the Nordic countries.Upon request the excel spreadsheets used for the monetarisation and valuation in this report can also be provided along with a guidance on how to use the estimation of costs for value transfer. Please contact any of the consultants or members of the steering group from the Swedish Chemicals Agency or the Danish Environmental Protection Agency if you are interested in receiving these excel spreadsheets.
Author: Publisher: World Health Organization ISBN: Category : House & Home Languages : en Pages : 488
Book Description
This book presents WHO guidelines for the protection of public health from risks due to a number of chemicals commonly present in indoor air. The substances considered in this review, i.e. benzene, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, naphthalene, nitrogen dioxide, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (especially benzo[a]pyrene), radon, trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene, have indoor sources, are known in respect of their hazardousness to health and are often found indoors in concentrations of health concern. The guidelines are targeted at public health professionals involved in preventing health risks of environmental exposures, as well as specialists and authorities involved in the design and use of buildings, indoor materials and products. They provide a scientific basis for legally enforceable standards.
Author: Schlabach, Martin Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers ISBN: 9289372915 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 64
Book Description
Available online: https://pub.norden.org/temanord2022-519/ On behalf of the Nordic Council of Ministers’ Screening Group, NILU and NIVA performed a monitoring study on selected environmental contaminants, namely UV-filters, dechloranes, and chlorinated paraffins. UV-compounds were frequently detected in samples related to the marine food web. In the group of dechloranes, dechlorane 602 was detected most frequently in samples related to the marine, freshwater, and terrestrial food web. Short and medium chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs and MCCPs) were found in most of the samples, but long chain chlorinated paraffins (LCCPs) with a slightly lower detection frequency. For nearly all biota samples, the concentrations of MCCPs were higher than the SCCP concentrations. LCCP-concentrations were as high or higher than the SCCP-concentrations.
Author: United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General Publisher: ISBN: Category : Government publications Languages : en Pages : 728
Book Description
This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.
Author: Susanne Boutrup
Author: Martin Schlabach
Author: Anna Kärrman
Author: Andersson
Author: Gretta Goldenman
Author: 
Author: Vieno, Niina
Author: Schlabach, Martin
Author: 
Author: United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General