Isolation and Molecular Characterization of Circulating Tumor Cells PDF Download

Author: Mark Jesus M. Magbanua
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319559478
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 304

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Book Description
Numerous studies have shown that elevated levels of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in blood of cancer patients are associated with poor response to treatment and inferior survival probabilities. Despite this clinical significance, the molecular biology of CTCs remains poorly understood. The paucity in molecular information can be attributed to the tremendous technical challenges involved in isolating these extremely rare cells. Recent technological advancements in rare-cell technology, however, have allowed for the reliable enrichment and isolation of CTCs. Consequently, the use of recently developed molecular approaches —e.g., multiplexed QPCR, microarray, and next generation sequencing analyses— to profile CTCs have provided novel insights into the molecular makeup of these tumor cells. This book discusses approaches for enrichment and isolation of CTCs as well as recent advances in comprehensive molecular profiling of CTCs using cutting-edge omics technology.

Author: Michail Ignatiadis
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642281605
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 245

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Book Description
This important book provides up-to-date information on a series of topical issues relating to the approach to minimal residual disease in breast cancer patients. It first explains how the study of minimal residual disease and circulating and disseminated tumor cells (CTCs/DTCs) can assist in the understanding of breast cancer metastasis. A series of chapters then discuss the various technologies available for the detection and characterization of CTCs and DTCs, pinpointing their merits and limitations. Detailed consideration is given to the relevance of CTCs and DTCs, and their detection, to clinical research and practice. The role of other blood-based biomarkers is also addressed, and the closing chapters debate the challenges facing drug and biomarker co-development and the use of CTCs for companion diagnostic development. This book will be of interest and assistance to all who are engaged in the modern management of breast cancer.

Author: U. Reinhold
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642595375
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 284

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Book Description
Knowledge about diagnostic procedures in melanoma has in creased rapidly within the past few years. Single tumor cells have been identified in normal tissue such as sentinel lymph nodes, as well as in bone marrow, peripheral blood, and other bodily fluids and cells, by molecular technologies. The introduction of polymerase chain reaction-based methods can be regarded as a prototype of this dramatic development towards molecular approaches in new diagnostic procedures. This fact opens up the possibility of clinical use in patients and of influencing treatment strategies. Considerable discrepancies have been described, how ever, in the success rates of these new techniques for the detec tion of minimal residual disease in cancer patients. Despite fav orable results reported by different groups of investigators, it will take several years to define the clinical and pathophysiological relevance of new diagnostic procedures. The 1st International Symposium "Minimal Residual Disease in Melanoma: Biology, Detection and Clinical Relevance of Microme tastases", held in September 1999 in Homburg/Saar, Germany, fo cused on recent developments in this particular area of cancer re search. The purpose of the meeting was to stimulate discussion and exchange of new data and ideas by renowned international scientists. The aim of this volume is to summarize major topics of basic research and clinical investigations presented by invited experts in this fascinating but still. controversial field of melanoma re search.

Author: Ludmilla Thomé Domingos Chinen
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030698793
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 208

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Book Description
This book provides a wealth of images and extensive information on circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and other cells usually observed in blood from patients with cancer, such as giant macrophages, and circulating tumor microemboli (CTM). The field of “liquid biopsy” began with the analysis of CTCs in the early 2000s. In the beginning, molecular techniques were developed to detect these cells in the blood. However, it has since become clear that CTCs initially require a cytopathological analysis to be detected without false positive and negative results. After detection, molecular analysis can be subsequently performed. Cancer is an important cause of mortality, especially when detected in late stages. Even with all the advances that have been made in its treatment, cancer is still challenging, as many patients do not respond to any therapy. Many health agencies have considered early diagnosis as a feasible tool. In this context, it is of the utmost importance to know the morphology and characteristics of CTCs to determine a correct diagnosis. Currently much of the scientific community is committed to expanding our knowledge of CTCs, and this work makes a valuable contribution, presenting hundreds of cell images from patients with various types of cancer, in many different stages of disease, and after receiving various treatments. The Atlas of Liquid Biopsy: Circulating Tumor Cells and Other Rare Cells in Cancer Patients’ Blood is an essential reference guide for all physicians, biologists, biomedics, and professionals working at clinical and research laboratories, hospitals and research centers.

Author: Mark Jesus M. Magbanua
Publisher: Humana Press
ISBN: 9781493971435
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 306

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Book Description
This volume explores various approaches for enrichment, detection, isolation, and molecular profiling of circulating tumor cells (CTCs). Each chapter provides comprehensive descriptions and guidelines on how to perform innovative experiments in CTC research. Included are protocols for capture of CTCs via filtration and density gradient centrifugation; microfluidic and immunomagnetic separation of CTCs; detection of CTCs by immunocytochemistry, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and flow cytometry; assays designed for genomic characterization and functional analyses of CTCs, and many more. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, the chapters in this book include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Cutting-edge and authoritative, Circula ting Tumor Cells: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource for laboratory researchers and clinicians who are interested in furthering their studies on CTCs.

Author: Alejandro López-Soto
Publisher: Humana Press
ISBN: 9781493988846
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 363

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Book Description
This volume explores the latest techniques used to study tumor immunology. The chapters in this book detail methodologies for functional analysis and expansion of T lymphocytes for cancer research. The chapters also cover topics such as how single-cell RNA-sequencing can be exploited to dissect immune cell heterogeneity and precursors; isolating and expanding natural killer (NK) cells; evaluating NK cell-mediated anti-tumor killing activity in vitro; immunosurveillance orchestrated by specific immune subsets; use of HLA peptidomics for cancer-exome based identification of tumor neo-antigens; gold standard assessment of immunogenic cell death in oncological mouse models and methods to look at the therapeutic relevance of immune modulation in cancer. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Cutting-edge and thorough, Cancer Immunosurveillance: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource to aid researchers in better understanding and experimenting in this exciting and developing field.

Author: Alexander E. Kalyuzhny
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1592599036
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 323

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Book Description
In this first book dedicated entirely to the ELISPOT, a critical enzyme-linked immunospot assay used widely in biomedical research, recognized experts with first-hand experience detail how to design, perform, and analyze these assays. The readily reproducible techniques they provide cover a wide variety of topics, including the use of membrane-backed plates, the standardization and validation procedures, the removal of cells from ELISPOT plates, cell separation techniques, and the quantification of ELISPOT data. There are also numerous ELISPOT applications involving animal models, human cells, measles, multiple sclerosis, immune responses, multicytokine detection systems, and immunocytochemistry. Highlights include dual-color and multiplex ELISPOT assays, use of the ELISPOT assay on feline lymphocytes, standardization of the ELISPOT procedure, and combining the ELISPOT assay with immunohistochemistry.

Author: Sinem Nalbantoglu
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 183962759X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 168

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Book Description
Molecular medicine is an applied science focused on human genes/transcripts, proteins, metabolites, and metabolic networks that describes molecular and cellular processes of health and disease onset and progression. Molecular medicine-based integrative identification and characterization of biomarker targets and their clinical translations is essential to explain/decipher the mechanism(s) underlying physiological pathways and pathological conditions, and acquire cell-targeted early interventional and therapeutic strategies in the context of precision medicine and public health. Principally, Molecular Medicine provides an overview of the latest headlines/developments of systems and molecular medicine, highlighting the emerging high-throughput technologies, promising potential applications, and progress in biomedical research and development strategies.

Author: Catherine Alix-Panabieres
Publisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3039286986
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 366

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Book Description
The analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) as a real-time liquid biopsy approach can be used to obtain new insights into metastasis biology, and as companion diagnostics to improve the stratification of therapies and to obtain insights into the therapy-induced selection of cancer cells. In this book, we will cover all the different facets of CTCs to assemble a huge corpus of knowledge on cancer dissemination: technologies for their enrichment, detection, and characterization; their analysis at the single-cell level; their journey as CTC microemboli; their clinical relevance; their biology with the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT); their stem-cell properties; their potential to initiate metastasis at distant sites; their ex vivo expansion; and their escape from the immune system.

Author: Shay Soker
Publisher: Humana Press
ISBN: 3319605119
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 225

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Book Description
Cancer cell biology research in general, and anti-cancer drug development specifically, still relies on standard cell culture techniques that place the cells in an unnatural environment. As a consequence, growing tumor cells in plastic dishes places a selective pressure that substantially alters their original molecular and phenotypic properties.The emerging field of regenerative medicine has developed bioengineered tissue platforms that can better mimic the structure and cellular heterogeneity of in vivo tissue, and are suitable for tumor bioengineering research. Microengineering technologies have resulted in advanced methods for creating and culturing 3-D human tissue. By encapsulating the respective cell type or combining several cell types to form tissues, these model organs can be viable for longer periods of time and are cultured to develop functional properties similar to native tissues. This approach recapitulates the dynamic role of cell–cell, cell–ECM, and mechanical interactions inside the tumor. Further incorporation of cells representative of the tumor stroma, such as endothelial cells (EC) and tumor fibroblasts, can mimic the in vivo tumor microenvironment. Collectively, bioengineered tumors create an important resource for the in vitro study of tumor growth in 3D including tumor biomechanics and the effects of anti-cancer drugs on 3D tumor tissue. These technologies have the potential to overcome current limitations to genetic and histological tumor classification and development of personalized therapies.