Ionization Curves for Secondary Ions in Mass-spectrometer Ion Sources PDF Download
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Author: U. Lauterbach Publisher: ISBN: Category : Deuterium Languages : en Pages : 36
Book Description
An automatic version of the R.P.D. (Retarding Potential Difference) method was developed for obtaining digital ionization curves of secondary ions by using counting techniques and a multi-channel analyzer. The application of an indirectly heated sintered Nickel cathode yielded ca. 40 percent of the total electron current within an energy range of 0.1 eV. The R.P.D. ion source in connection with the automation circuit and a conventional mass spectrometer were used to investigate the formation of KrD(+) ions in Kr-D2 mixtures. It is shown that besides the well known reaction Kr(+) + D2 yields KrD(+) + D the complementary reaction D2(+) + Kr yields KrD(+) + D contributes considerably to the KrD(+) yield. A rather small contribution of the neutral reaction Kr(*) + D2 yields KrD(+) + D + e( - ), found earlier by Hotop, could be confirmed. Strong evidence was found for the existence of a reaction path D2(*) + Kr yields KrD(+) + D + e( - ) by longlived exited states of D2 above the first ionization limit of D2.
Author: U. Lauterbach Publisher: ISBN: Category : Deuterium Languages : en Pages : 36
Book Description
An automatic version of the R.P.D. (Retarding Potential Difference) method was developed for obtaining digital ionization curves of secondary ions by using counting techniques and a multi-channel analyzer. The application of an indirectly heated sintered Nickel cathode yielded ca. 40 percent of the total electron current within an energy range of 0.1 eV. The R.P.D. ion source in connection with the automation circuit and a conventional mass spectrometer were used to investigate the formation of KrD(+) ions in Kr-D2 mixtures. It is shown that besides the well known reaction Kr(+) + D2 yields KrD(+) + D the complementary reaction D2(+) + Kr yields KrD(+) + D contributes considerably to the KrD(+) yield. A rather small contribution of the neutral reaction Kr(*) + D2 yields KrD(+) + D + e( - ), found earlier by Hotop, could be confirmed. Strong evidence was found for the existence of a reaction path D2(*) + Kr yields KrD(+) + D + e( - ) by longlived exited states of D2 above the first ionization limit of D2.
Author: J. C. Vickerman Publisher: IM Publications ISBN: 1906715173 Category : Mass spectrometry Languages : en Pages : 742
Book Description
Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) is the most versatile of the surface analysis techniques that have been developed during the last 30 years. This is the Second Edition of the first book ToF-SIMS: Surface analysis by Mass Spectrometry to be dedicated to the subject and the treatment is comprehensive
Author: R. M. Elliott Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 1483149447 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 647
Book Description
Advances in Mass Spectrometry, Volume 2 documents the proceedings of a conference on mass spectrometry held in Oxford in September 1961. This compilation is categorized into six major topics — mass spectrometry in research; mass spectrometry of inorganic compounds; instruments and techniques; theory and correlation of mass spectra; mass spectra and analysis; and ionization and dissociation. Under these major topics, parts of the papers discussed include field ionization mass spectroscopy; initial kinetic energy discrimination effects in crossed-field ion sources; mass spectrometric study of CaO and Ta; and spark source mass spectrometry as an analytical technique. The book also covers discussions on initial energy of hydrocarbon fragment ions; determination of the structure of alkaloids by mass spectrometry; and application of a time-of-flight mass spectrometer to the examination of ion-molecule interactions. This volume is a useful reference to students and researchers conducting work on mass spectrometry.
Author: Mynard Hamming Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0323143148 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 709
Book Description
Interpretation of Mass Spectra of Organic Compounds outlines the basic instrumentation, sample handling techniques, and procedures used in the interpretation of mass spectra of organic compounds. The fundamental concepts of ionization, fragmentation, and rearrangement of ions as found in mass spectra are covered in some detail, along with the rectangular array and interpretation maps. Computerization of mass spectral data is also discussed. This book consists of nine chapters and begins with a historical overview of mass spectrometry and a discussion on some important developments in the field, along with a summary of interpretation objectives and methods. The following chapters focus on instruments, ion sources, and detectors; recording of the mass spectrum and the instrumental and sample variables affecting the mass spectrum; sample introduction systems; and fragmentation reactions. Correlations as applied to interpretations are also considered, with emphasis on applications of the branching rule as well as beta-bond and alpha-bond cleavages. Example interpretations, calculations, data-processing procedures, and computer programs are included. This monograph is intended for organic chemists, biochemists, mass spectroscopists, technicians, managers, and others concerned with the whys and wherefores of mass spectrometry.
Author: Edmond de Hoffmann Publisher: Wiley ISBN: 9780471485650 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 420
Book Description
Offers a complete overview of the principles, theories and key applications of modern mass spectrometry in this introductory textbook. Following on from the highly successful first edition, this edition is extensively updated including new techniques and applications. All instrumental aspects of mass spectrometry are clearly and concisely described; sources, analysers and detectors. * Revised and updated * Numerous examples and illustrations are combined with a series of exercises to help encourage student understanding * Includes biological applications, which have been significantly expanded and updated * Also includes coverage of ESI and MALDI
Author: Alex. G. Harrison Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 9780849342547 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 222
Book Description
The only comprehensive guide to CIMS applications in structural elucidation and analytical studies Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry, 2nd Edition, provides a comprehensive, up-to-date review of CIMS applications in structural elucidation and quantitative analytical studies. For the benefit of readers without a background in gaseous ion chemistry, a thorough review is presented in Chapter 2. Other chapters discuss such topics as reagent ion systems within the context of the thermochemistry and kinetics of the ionization process, including reactions and the type of information obtained; isotopic exchange reactions; stereochemical effects in chemical ionization; and reactive ion/molecule collisions in quadrupole cells. Chemical ionization mass spectra of 13 classes of compounds are discussed in detail to illustrate the influence of different functional groups on the spectra observed. Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry, 2nd Edition will be a valuable reference for anyone interested in mass spectrometry and gaseous ion chemistry in general.
Author: D. Price Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 1483151190 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 313
Book Description
Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry contains the proceedings of the First European Symposium on Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry held at the University of Salford in the UK on July 3-5, 1967. The papers focus on time-of-flight mass spectrometry and its chemical applications, from flash photolysis and pyrolysis reactions to shock wave reactions and high-temperature studies of inorganic solids. This book is comprised of nine chapters and opens with an introduction to the MA-1 and other time-of-flight mass spectrometers, followed by their applications to studies of chemical reactions such as flash photolysis and pyrolysis reactions, reactions involving shock waves, and high-temperature studies of inorganic solids. Subsequent chapters explore fast recording techniques for time-resolved mass spectrometry; detection of the NH2 free radical and other ammoniacal complexes in the electrical discharge decomposition of ammonia gas; and reactions of ions with molecules in the gas phase and the sputtering of solid surfaces by ion bombardment. The use of a time-of-flight mass spectrometer in experimental investigations of negative ions is also described. This monograph will be a valuable resource for users of a time-of-flight mass spectrometer and allow non-users to become acquainted with its applications and advantages.
Author: Sabine Becker Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 9780470517208 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 514
Book Description
Providing an exhaustive review of this topic, Inorganic Mass Spectrometry: Principles and Applications provides details on all aspects of inorganic mass spectrometry, from a historical overview of the topic to the principles and functions of mass separation and ion detection systems. Offering a comprehensive treatment of inorganic mass spectrometry, topics covered include: Recent developments in instrumentation Developing analytical techniques for measurements of trace and ultratrace impurities in different materials This broad textbook in inorganic mass spectrometry, presents the most important mass spectrometric techniques used in all fields of analytical chemistry. By covering recent developments and advances in all fields of inorganic mass spectrometry, this text provides researchers and students with information to answer any questions on this topic as well as providing the basic fundamentals for understanding this potentially complex, but increasingly relevant subject.
Author: U. Lauterbach
Author: U. Lauterbach
Author: J. C. Vickerman
Author: 
Author: R. M. Elliott
Author: Mynard Hamming
Author: Edmond de Hoffmann
Author: Alex. G. Harrison
Author: D. Price
Author: 
Author: Sabine Becker