Intra- and Interspecific Interference Between Sweet Corn (Zea Mays L.) and a Living Mulch of White Clover (Trifolium Repens L.) PDF Download
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Author: Albert J. Fischer Publisher: ISBN: Category : Mulching Languages : en Pages : 282
Book Description
Living mulches are vegetative covers that can grow in association with row crops and may prevent soil erosion and suppress weeds. Crop reduction from association with the living mulch is a frequent problem with this cultural practice. The interference between a white clover (Trifolium repens L. "New Zealand") living mulch and sweet corn (Zea mays L. "Golden Jubilee") was studied using an established clover sward, that was mowed and then sprayed with 1 to 1.5 kg al/ha of atrazine [6_chloro__ethyl--(1-methylethyl) 1,3,5,triazine-2,4-diamine]. Corn, at different densities and planting arrangements, was planted into a 10-to 15-cm-wide band tilled in the clover. Replacement-series experiments and systematic density experiments also were conducted in this study. The experiments were irrigated. Interference by clover reduced corn yields. However, when corn row width was reduced from 76 cm to 38 cm, intraspecific interference among corn plants was reduced, and corn plants became more productive and clover suppressive. Corn and clover competed for the same resources (mainly for light) when grown in mixture for 35 days after corn emergence. Clover appeared to be the superior competitor. However, the two species partially avoided competition. Nitrogen concentration in corn tissue (48 days after planting) was reduced when the corn was grown with clover, whereas the concentrations of P, K, and S were not altered by the presence of the legume. Twenty-four days after spraying clover with atrazine, up to 3]. kg N/ha had been released into the soil from the clover. Thirty-four days later, the N concentration in soil of sprayed and unsprayed plots was the same. Soil moisture (20 cm depth) was not affected by the presence of the clover mulch.
Author: Albert J. Fischer Publisher: ISBN: Category : Mulching Languages : en Pages : 282
Book Description
Living mulches are vegetative covers that can grow in association with row crops and may prevent soil erosion and suppress weeds. Crop reduction from association with the living mulch is a frequent problem with this cultural practice. The interference between a white clover (Trifolium repens L. "New Zealand") living mulch and sweet corn (Zea mays L. "Golden Jubilee") was studied using an established clover sward, that was mowed and then sprayed with 1 to 1.5 kg al/ha of atrazine [6_chloro__ethyl--(1-methylethyl) 1,3,5,triazine-2,4-diamine]. Corn, at different densities and planting arrangements, was planted into a 10-to 15-cm-wide band tilled in the clover. Replacement-series experiments and systematic density experiments also were conducted in this study. The experiments were irrigated. Interference by clover reduced corn yields. However, when corn row width was reduced from 76 cm to 38 cm, intraspecific interference among corn plants was reduced, and corn plants became more productive and clover suppressive. Corn and clover competed for the same resources (mainly for light) when grown in mixture for 35 days after corn emergence. Clover appeared to be the superior competitor. However, the two species partially avoided competition. Nitrogen concentration in corn tissue (48 days after planting) was reduced when the corn was grown with clover, whereas the concentrations of P, K, and S were not altered by the presence of the legume. Twenty-four days after spraying clover with atrazine, up to 3]. kg N/ha had been released into the soil from the clover. Thirty-four days later, the N concentration in soil of sprayed and unsprayed plots was the same. Soil moisture (20 cm depth) was not affected by the presence of the clover mulch.
Author: Manuel Joaquín Reigosa Roger Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9781402042799 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 660
Book Description
This book provides the reader relevant information about actual knowledge about the process of allelopathy, covering all aspects from the molecular to the ecological level. Special relevance is given to the physiological and ecophysiological aspects of allelopathy. Several ecosystems are studied and methodological considerations are taken into account in several different chapters. The book has been written to be useful both for Ph.D. students and for senior researchers, so the chapters include all necessary information to be read by beginners, but they also include a lot of useful information and discussion for the initiated.
Author: Louise E. Buck Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 9781420049473 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 434
Book Description
Agroforestry in Sustainable Agricultural Systems examines the environmental and social conditions that affect the roles and performance of trees in field- and forest-based agricultural production systems. Various types of ecological settings for agroforestry are analyzed within temperate and tropical regions. The roles of soil, water, light, nutrient and pest management in mixed, annual, woody perennial and livestock systems are discussed. Important new case studies from around the world offer innovative strategies that have been used successfully in raising forests and tree products on a sustainable basis for commercial harvesting and for providing other environmental services in land conservation and watershed management.
Author: Waseem Mushtaq Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030408078 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 69
Book Description
Allelopathic studies may be defined in various aspects; weed against weed/crop and vice versa. This book focuses on the ways to utilize the allelopathic potential of weeds or crops for controlling weeds in the agroecosystems. Vigorous use of herbicides is poisoning our environment at an alarming rate; allelopathy can be employed as a useful alternative to control weeds naturally under field conditions. The book contains chapters on the history of allelopathy; allelopathic potential of several important crops (rice, wheat, sorghum, maize, mustard, sunflower) and weeds (members of Solanaceae, Convolvulaceae, Asteraceae, Verbenaceae). Moreover, it highlights how the allelopathic potential of these weeds and crops can be employed effectively to suppress weeds under field conditions. The book also discusses topics on the role of allelochemicals in agroecosystems; impact on local flora; biotic stress induced by allelochemicals; mechanism of action of allelochemicals and future prospective of allelopathy. Prepared with basic concepts and importance of allelopathy, this book is intended for the agricultural community, botanists, students and researchers.
Author: Marcelo Larramendy Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand ISBN: 9533079754 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 626
Book Description
The content selected in Herbicides, Theory and Applications is intended to provide researchers, producers and consumers of herbicides an overview of the latest scientific achievements. Although we are dealing with many diverse and different topics, we have tried to compile this "raw material" into three major sections in search of clarity and order - Weed Control and Crop Management, Analytical Techniques of Herbicide Detection and Herbicide Toxicity and Further Applications. The editors hope that this book will continue to meet the expectations and needs of all interested in the methodology of use of herbicides, weed control as well as problems related to its use, abuse and misuse.
Author: Dilip Nandwani Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319069047 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 400
Book Description
Sustainable horticulture is gaining increasing attention in the field of agriculture as demand for the food production rises to the world community. Sustainable horticultural systems are based on ecological principles to farm, optimizes pest and disease management approaches through environmentally friendly and renewable strategies in production agriculture. It is a discipline that addresses current issues such as food security, water pollution, soil health, pest control, and biodiversity depletion. Novel, environmentally-friendly solutions are proposed based on integrated knowledge from sciences as diverse as agronomy, soil science, entomology, ecology, chemistry and food sciences. Sustainable horticulture interprets methods and processes in the farming system to the global level. For that, horticulturists use the system approach that involves studying components and interactions of a whole system to address scientific, economic and social issues. In that respect, sustainable horticulture is not a classical, narrow science. Instead of solving problems using the classical painkiller approach that treats only negative impacts, sustainable horticulture treats problem sources.
Author: Daizy Rani Batish Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1420043366 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 400
Book Description
Faced with the growing problems of climate change, ecosystem degradation, declining agricultural productivity, and uncertain food security, modern agricultural scientists look for potential relief in an ancient practice. Agroforestry, if properly designed, can mitigate greenhouse effects, maintain ecosystem health and biodiversity, provide food sec
Author: Albert J. Fischer
Author: Albert J. Fischer
Author: Lee Stewart Altier
Author: 
Author: Manuel Joaquín Reigosa Roger
Author: Louise E. Buck
Author: Waseem Mushtaq
Author: Marcelo Larramendy
Author: Dilip Nandwani
Author: J. Lloveras
Author: Daizy Rani Batish