International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor Physics PDF Download

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ISBN:
Category : Engineering test reactors
Languages : en
Pages : 312

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Languages : en
Pages : 20

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The physics basis of ITER has been developed from an assessment of the present knowledge of tokamak physics with allowance for improvements in that knowledge during the design and construction phases of ITER. The assessment has been carried out by the ITER design team in collaboration with the international fusion program, including participation by the experimental teams of all of the major toroidal experiments. The physics basis consists of guidelines for energy confinement, operational limits, power and particle control, disruptions, current drive and heating, alpha particle physics, and plasma control. The ITER physics group has worked with the engineering groups to implement these guidelines. In addition, a preliminary design for the plasma diagnostics for ITER has been developed and an operational program has been planned. In many cases, the physics issues have not been fully resolved, and a physics R D program has been developed to complete the physics basis for ITER. 16 refs., 3 tabs.

Author: Alain Bécoulet
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262547287
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 217

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A concise and accessible explanation of the science and technology behind the domestication of nuclear fusion energy. Nuclear fusion research tells us that the Sun uses one gram of hydrogen to make as much energy as can be obtained by burning eight tons of petroleum. If nuclear fusion—the process that makes the stars shine—could be domesticated for commercial energy production, the world would gain an inexhaustible source of energy that neither depletes natural resources nor produces greenhouse gases. In Star Power, Alan Bécoulet offers a concise and accessible primer on fusion energy, explaining the science and technology of nuclear fusion and describing the massive international scientific effort to achieve commercially viable fusion energy. Bécoulet draws on his work as Head of Engineering at ITER (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor) to explain how scientists are trying to “put the sun in a box.” He surveys the history of nuclear power, beginning with post–World War II efforts to use atoms for peaceful purposes and describes how energy is derived from fusion, explaining that the essential principle of fusion is based on the capacity of nucleons (protons and neutrons) to assemble and form structures (atomic nuclei) in spite of electrical repulsion between protons, which all have a positive charge. He traces the evolution of fusion research and development, mapping the generation of electric current though fusion. The ITER project marks a giant step in the development of fusion energy, with the potential to demonstrate the feasibility of a nuclear fusion reactor. Star Power offers an introduction to what may be the future of energy production.

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Languages : en
Pages : 14

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The physics requirements for the ITER design have been set to provide reasonable assurance that the plasma performance will be sufficient to meet the goals of ITER in both physics and technology phases of operation. Considerations for an adequate level of energy confinement with a stable plasma, a satisfactory power and particle control system, an efficient heating and current drive scheme, a suitable plasma control system, a sufficient level of volt-seconds, a need for high-fluence burn, etc., along with several engineering and technology, constraints, set the machine parameters (current, size, field, etc.) The physics guidelines for the ITER design are based on reasonable extrapolations of the tokamak physics database as assessed during the ITER Conceptual Design Activities (1988--90). The reference ITER design has a nominal plasma current of 22 MA (with capability up to 25--28 MA for limited pulse duration), magnetic field of 4.85 T, major radius of 6 m, minor radius of 2.15 m, and a plasma elongation (at the 95% flux surface) of (approximately)2 that produces a nominal fusion power of (approximately)1 GW. 17 refs., 1 tab.

Author: Weston Stacey
Publisher: Oxford University Press on Demand
ISBN: 0199733848
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 199

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Based on the journal of one of the principal participants, this book provides a history of the IAEA INTOR Workshop (1978-88) during which hundreds of fusion scientists and engineers collaborated to define an experimental fusion energy reactor. The INTOR Workshop led to the present international ITER project, a collaborative effort to construct the first fusion energy reactor.

Author: A. Edward Profio
Publisher: Wiley-Interscience
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 876

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Languages : en
Pages : 6

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The ITER Current Drive and Heating (CD H) systems are required for: Ionization and current initiation; Non-inductive current ramp-up assist; Heating of the plasma; Steady-state operation with full non-inductive current drive; Current profile control; and Burn control by modulation of the auxiliary power. Steady-state current drive is the most demanding requirement, so this has driven the choice of the ITER current drive and heating systems.

Author: Takashi Okazaki
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527414037
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 644

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Fusion Reactor Design Provides a detailed overview of fusion reactor design, written by an international leader in the field Nuclear fusion—generating four times as much energy from the same mass of fuel as nuclear fission—is regarded by its proponents as a viable, eco-friendly alternative to gas-fired, coal-fired, and conventional power plants. Although the physics of nuclear fusion is essentially understood, the construction of prototype reactors currently presents significant technical challenges. Fusion Reactor Design: Plasma Physics, Fuel Cycle System, Operation and Maintenance provides a systematic, reader-friendly introduction to the characteristics, components, and critical systems of fusion reactors. Focusing on the experimental Tokamak reactor, this up-to-date resource covers relevant plasma physics, necessary technology, analysis methods, and the other aspects of fusion reactors. In-depth chapters include derivations of key formulas, figures highlighting physical and structural characteristics of fusion reactors, illustrative numerical calculations, practical design examples, and more. Designed to help researchers and engineers understand and overcome the technological difficulties in making fusion power a reality, this volume: Provides in-depth knowledge on controlled thermonuclear fusion and its large-scale application in both current fusion reactors and future test reactors Covers plasma analysis, plasma equilibrium and stability, and plasma transport and confinement, and safety considerations Explains each component of fusion reactors, including divertors, superconducting coils, plasma heating and current drive systems, and vacuum vessels Discusses safety aspects of fusion reactors as well as computational approaches to safety aspects of fusion reactors Fusion Reactor Design: Plasma Physics, Fuel Cycle System, Operation and Maintenance is required reading for undergraduate and graduate students studying plasma physics and fusion reactor technology, and an important reference for nuclear physicists, nuclear reactor manufacturers, and power engineers involved in fusion reactor research and advanced technology development.

Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309166918
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 208

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Significant advances have been made in fusion science, and a point has been reached when we need to decide if the United States is ready to begin a burning plasma experiment. A burning plasmaâ€"in which at least 50 percent of the energy to drive the fusion reaction is generated internallyâ€"is an essential step to reach the goal of fusion power generation. The Burning Plasma Assessment Committee was formed to provide advice on this decision. The committee concluded that there is high confidence in the readiness to proceed with the burning plasma step. The International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER), with the United States as a significant partner, was the best choice. Once a commitment to ITER is made, fulfilling it should become the highest priority of the U.S. fusion research program. A funding trajectory is required that both captures the benefits of joining ITER and retains a strong scientific focus on the long-range goals of the program. Addition of the ITER project will require that the content, scope, and level of U.S. fusion activity be defined by program balancing through a priority-setting process initiated by the Office of Fusion Energy Science.

Author: Peter E. Stott
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461553539
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 615

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This book of proceedings collects the papers presented at the workshop on "Diagnostics for Experimental Fusion Reactors" held at Villa Monastero, Varenna (Italy) September 4-12, 1997. This workshop was the seventh organized by the International School of Plasma Physics "Piero Caldirola" on the topic of plasma diagnostics and the second devoted to the diagnostic studies for the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER). The proceedings of the first workshop on ITER diagnostics were published by Plenum Press in 1996 with the title "Diagnostics for Experimental Thermonuclear Fusion Reactors". While many of the ideas and studies reported in the first workshop remain valid, there has been sub stantial progress in the design and specification of many diagnostics for ITER. This moti vated a second workshop on this topic and the publication of a new book of proceedings. ITER is a joint venture between Europe, Japan, Russia and USA in the field of con trolled thermonuclear fusion research. The present aim of ITER is to design an experimental fusion reactor that can demonstrate ignition and sustained burn in a magnetically confined plasma. To achieve this goal, a wide range of plasma parameters will have to be measured reliably. It is also anticipated that diagnostics will be used much more extensively as input to control systems on ITER than on present fusion devices and this will require increased relia bility and long-term stability.