Inter and Intra-specific Variation in Photosynthetic Acclimation Response to Long Term Exposure of Elevated Carbon Dioxide PDF Download
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Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 84
Book Description
The response of intra and interspecific variation in photosynthetic acclimation to growth at elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration (600[mu]mol mol-l) in six important grassland species was investigated. Plants were grown in a background sward of Lolium perenne and measurements were made after four years of growth at elevated C{sub a}. Elevated CO2 was maintained using a FACE (Free-Air Carbon Enrichment) system. Significant intra and interspecific variation in acclimation response was demonstrated. The response of adaxial and abaxial stomatal conductance to elevated CO2 was also investigated. The stomatal conductance of both the adaxial and abaxial leaf surfaces was found to be reduced by elevated C{sub a}. Significant asymmetric responses in stomatal conductance was demonstrated in D. glomerata and T. pratense. Analysis of stomatal indices and densities indicated that the observed reductions in stomatal conductance were probably the result of changes in stomatal aperture.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 84
Book Description
The response of intra and interspecific variation in photosynthetic acclimation to growth at elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration (600[mu]mol mol-l) in six important grassland species was investigated. Plants were grown in a background sward of Lolium perenne and measurements were made after four years of growth at elevated C{sub a}. Elevated CO2 was maintained using a FACE (Free-Air Carbon Enrichment) system. Significant intra and interspecific variation in acclimation response was demonstrated. The response of adaxial and abaxial stomatal conductance to elevated CO2 was also investigated. The stomatal conductance of both the adaxial and abaxial leaf surfaces was found to be reduced by elevated C{sub a}. Significant asymmetric responses in stomatal conductance was demonstrated in D. glomerata and T. pratense. Analysis of stomatal indices and densities indicated that the observed reductions in stomatal conductance were probably the result of changes in stomatal aperture.
Author: John Lonfover Jifon Publisher: ISBN: 9780599271142 Category : Languages : en Pages : 227
Book Description
Downward acclimation was more severe in Redkloud (a determinate bean genotype), compared with Redkote (an indeterminate genotype). This was accompanied by sustained vegetative growth and sink activity (increased branching/fruiting and leaf production) after anthesis in Redkote. Growth at high temperature (35/21°C day/night) and elevated Ca (700 mumol mol --1) stimulated early vegetative growth, leading to an up-regulation of Pn350. Pod development was, however, severely limited by high temperature and this was associated with greater downward acclimation of Pn 350 at elevated Ca compared with plants grown at optimal temperature (26/15°C).
Author: Katie M. Becklin Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030649261 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 407
Book Description
Changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and global climate conditions have altered photosynthesis and plant respiration across both geologic and contemporary time scales. Understanding climate change effects on plant carbon dynamics is critical for predicting plant responses to future growing conditions. Furthermore, demand for biofuel, fibre and food production is rapidly increasing with the ever-expanding global human population, and our ability to meet these demands is exacerbated by climate change. This volume integrates physiological, ecological, and evolutionary perspectives on photosynthesis and respiration responses to climate change. We explore this topic in the context of modeling plant responses to climate, including physiological mechanisms that constrain carbon assimilation and the potential for plants to acclimate to rising carbon dioxide concentration, warming temperatures and drought. Additional chapters contrast climate change responses in natural and agricultural ecosystems, where differences in climate sensitivity between different photosynthetic pathways can influence community and ecosystem processes. Evolutionary studies over past and current time scales provide further insight into evolutionary changes in photosynthetic traits, the emergence of novel plant strategies, and the potential for rapid evolutionary responses to future climate conditions. Finally, we discuss novel approaches to engineering photosynthesis and photorespiration to improve plant productivity for the future. The overall goals for this volume are to highlight recent advances in photosynthesis and respiration research, and to identify key challenges to understanding and scaling plant physiological responses to climate change. The integrated perspectives and broad scope of research make this volume an excellent resource for both students and researchers in many areas of plant science, including plant physiology, ecology, evolution, climate change, and biotechnology. For this volume, 37 experts contributed chapters that span modeling, empirical, and applied research on photosynthesis and respiration responses to climate change. Authors represent the following seven countries: Australia (6); Canada (9), England (5), Germany (2), Spain (3), and the United States (12).
Author: Luo Yiqi Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0080500714 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 434
Book Description
This book focuses on the interactive effects of environmental stresses with plant and ecosystem functions, especially with respect to changes in the abundance of carbon dioxide. The interaction of stresses with elevated carbon dioxide are presented from the cellular through whole plant ecosystem level. The book carefully considers not only the responses of the above-ground portion of the plant, but also emphasizes the critical role of below-ground (rhizosphere) components (e.g., roots, microbes, soil) in determining the nature and magnitude of these interactions.* Will rising CO2 alter the importance of environmental stress in natural and agricultural ecosystems?* Will environmental stress on plants reduce their capacity to remove CO2 from the atmosphere?* Are some stresses more important than others as we concern ourselves with global change?* Can we develop predictive models useful for scientists and policy-makers?* Where should future research efforts be focused?
Author: C M. Stirling Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Acclimation of photosynthesis to growth at elevated CO2 concentration varies markedly between species. Species functionally classified as stress-tolerators (S) and ruderals (R), are thought to be incapable, or the least capable, of responding positively in terms of growth to elevated [CO2]. Is this pattern of response also apparent in leaf photosynthesis of wild S- and R-strategists? Acclimatory loss of a photosynthetic and growth response to elevated [CO2] is assumed to reflect limitation on capacity to utilize additional photosynthate. The doubling of pre-industrial global [CO2] is expected to coincide with a 3 degrees C increase in mean temperature which could stimulate growth; will photosynthetic capacity at elevated [CO2] be greater when the concurrent temperature increase is simulated? Five species from natural grassland of NW Europe and of contrasting ecological strategy were grown in hemispherical greenhouses, environmentally controlled to track the external microclimate. Within a replicated design, plants were grown at (i) current ambient [CO2] and temperature, (ii) elevated [CO2] (ambient + 340 mu mol mol(-1)) and ambient temperature, (iii) ambient [CO2] and elevated temperature (ambient + 3 degrees C), or (iv) elevated [CO2] and elevated temperature. After 75-104 days, the CO2 response of light-saturated rates of photosynthesis (A(sat)) was analysed in controlled-environment cuvettes in a field laboratory. There was no acclimatory loss of photosynthetic capacity with growth in elevated [CO2] or elevated temperature over this period in Poa alpina (S), Bellis perennis (R) or Plantago lanceolata (mixed C-S-R strategist), and a significant (P
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 2
Book Description
The objective of this research was to investigate the acclimation phenomena involved in plants as they adjust to a CO2 enriched atmosphere. Plants were grown under various CO2 concentrations in the controlled chambers of the Duke University Phytotron. Soil nutrients, irradiance, temperature, soil water, and atmospheric relative humidity were controlled. Photosynthesis, leaf structure, leaf biomass of photosynthetic leaves or leaflets and of growth points that are not assimilating CO2 were measured to determine contributions of carbon source tissues to sink tissues. Export and import rates following movement of plants into atmospheres of higher carbon dioxide concentration were specifically examined.
Author: Zoltan Tuba Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 9781560221203 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 444
Book Description
The impact of rising levels of greenhouse gases—and the global consequences for crops! Carbon dioxide is a major greenhouse gas that causes global warming and directly impacts every aspect of plant life and indirectly impacts animal and human life. Atmospheric carbon dioxide levels have risen dramatically over the past century, and though this could mean opportunities for better growth and increased yield of certain crops, other factors like weather extremes and changes to plant physiology may mitigate the positive effects. Ecological Responses and Adaptations of Crops to Rising Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide comprehensively analyzes every aspect of crop responses to increasing carbon dioxide as well as their productional significance for the world. Changes in the growth rate and yield of crops are explored, with attention given to the consequences of coming weather changes on production and the expected economic impact. Ecological Responses and Adaptations of Crops to Rising Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide takes the data gleaned from careful research to provide an in-depth vision of the impact of carbon dioxide on global temperatures, plant physiology, and the ecological and economic future of our world. Respected authorities thoroughly discuss the research detailing the complete range of issues from plant growth under increased carbon dioxide levels to the impact of rising air temperatures to the evolving ecophysiological responses within various crops. Extensive references provide opportunities for further research while detailed tables and graphs clearly illustrate data. Ecological Responses and Adaptations of Crops to Rising Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide explores the effects of carbon dioxide enrichment on: plants, crops, and vegetation—is it beneficial? growth, yield, and photosynthetic responses in rice the photosynthetic capacity and productivity of rice under field conditions—and the role of nitrogen fertilization forage and grain nitrogen content potato crops crop responses including interaction with temperature the growth of maize different agricultural systems around the world—such as central and southeastern Europe, northern climates, Sudan, citrus-growing regions, and others the production ecophysiology of Hungarian green pepper and much more! The impending changes in our world make Ecological Responses and Adaptations of Crops to Rising Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide a valuable text for educators and postgraduate students in the field of plant ecology and crop production and an essential resource for researchers in the fields of plant ecology, ecophysiology, agricultural crop production, and environmental sciences.
Author: 
Author: 
Author: John Lonfover Jifon
Author: Katie M. Becklin
Author: Luo Yiqi
Author: Mark Gerard Tjoelker
Author: C M. Stirling
Author: L. H. Allen
Author: Elizabeth Anna Ainsworth
Author: 
Author: Zoltan Tuba