Integrated Realizations of Reconfigurable Low Pass and Band Pass Filters for Wide Band Multi-mode Receivers PDF Download

Author: Gabor-Laszlo Csipkes
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783938863466
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 167

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Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Book Description
With the explosive development of wireless communication systems the specifications of the supporting hardware platforms have become more and more demanding. According to the long term goals of the industry, future communications systems should integrate a wide variety of standards. This leads to the idea of software defined radio, implemented on fully reconfigurable hardware. Among other reconfigurable hardware blocks, suitable for the software radio concept, an outstanding importance belongs to the reconfigurable filters that are responsible for the selectivity of the system. The problematic of filtering is strictly connected to the architecture chosen for a multi-mode receiver realization. According to the chosen architecture, the filters can exhibit low pass or band pass frequency responses. The idea of reconfigurable frequency parameters has been introduced since the beginning of modern filtering applications due to the required precision of the frequency response. However, the reconfiguration of the parameters was usually done in a limited range around ideal values. The purpose of the presented research is to transform the classical filter structures with simple self-correction into fully reconfigurable filters over a wide range of frequencies. The ideal variation of the frequency parameters is continuous and consequently difficult to implement in real circuits. Therefore, it is usually sufficient to use a discrete programming template with reasonably small steps. There are several methods to implement variable frequency parameters. The most often used programming templates employ resistor and capacitor arrays, switched according to a given code. The low pass filter implementation proposed in this work uses a special switching template, optimized for a quasi-linear frequency variation over logarithmic axes. The template also includes the possibility to compensate errors caused by component tolerances and temperature. Another important topic concerns the implement.

Author: Mircea Gh. Negoita
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540769943
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 202

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Evolvable Hardware (EHW) has emerged as a sub-domain of artificial evolution represented by a design methodology (consortium of methods) involving the application of Evolutionary Algorithms (EA) to the synthesis of digital and analogue electronic circuits and systems. Nevertheless, the most benefit for the society and indeed most revolutionizing application of EA is its hardware implementation leading to the EHW. These new EA based methodologies led to a new type of machines that is evolved to attain a desired behaviour, which means they have a behavioural computational intelligence. EHW is a special case of the adaptive hardware, namely being strongly related to the Adaptive Systems (AS) and the Adaptive Hardware (AH). The book presents a careful selection of the field that very well reflects the breadth of this high technology and its terminology and applications in context of the AS/AH. The harmonious symbiosis of the engineering approach and the accurate scientific methodology features the aspects of highly relevant and practical design principles governing the development of EHW and its connections with AS/AH. This book is both attractive and useful for everybody interested in the design and analysis of EHW in context of AS/AH and implementation of real time adaptive hardware hybrid intelligent systems.

Author: Ville Saari
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461433665
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 207

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This book presents a new filter design approach and concentrates on the circuit techniques that can be utilized when designing continuous-time low-pass filters in modern ultra-deep-submicron CMOS technologies for integrated wideband radio receivers. Coverage includes system-level issues related to the design and implementation of a complete single-chip radio receiver and related to the design and implementation of a filter circuit as a part of a complete single-chip radio receiver. Presents a new filter design approach, emphasizing low-voltage circuit solutions that can be implemented in modern, ultra-deep-submicron CMOS technologies;Includes filter circuit implementations designed as a part of a single-chip radio receiver in modern 1.2V 0.13um and 65nm CMOS;Describes design and implementation of a continuous-time low-pass filter for a multicarrier WCDMA base-station;Emphasizes system-level considerations throughout.

Author: Ankan Bhattacharya
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000997324
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 365

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This text showcases recent advancements in the field of microwave engineering, starting from the use of innovative materials to the latest microwave applications. It also highlights safety guidelines for exposure to microwave and radio frequency energy. The book provides information on measuring circuit parameters and dielectric parameters. • Explains microwave antennas, microwave communication, microwave propagation, microwave devices, and circuits in detail • Covers microwave measurement techniques, radiation hazards, space communication, and safety measures • Focuses on advanced computing technologies, wireless communication, and fiber optics • Presents scattering matrix and microwave passive components and devices such as phase shifters and power dividers • Showcases the importance of space communication, radio astronomy, microwave material processing, and advanced computing technologies The text provides a comprehensive study of the foundations of microwave heating and its interactions with materials for various applications. It also addresses applications of microwave devices and technologies in diverse areas, including computational electromagnetics, remote sensing, transmission lines, radiation hazards, and safety measures. It emphasizes the impact of resonances on microwave power absorption and the effect of nonuniformity on heating rates. The text is primarily written for senior undergraduate students, graduate students, and academic researchers in the fields of electrical engineering, electronics and communication engineering, computer engineering, and materials science.

Author: Md Naimul Hasan
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780355460957
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Book Description
Modern wireless communication standards support numerous frequency bands. A dedicated surface acoustic wave (SAW) filter is assigned to each single band to isolate the desired frequency bands. As a result, multiple SAW filters are necessary to cover different frequency bands which clearly increases cost and form factor. There is a strong demand towards complete integrated solutions to reduce the cost and form-factor of wireless devices. However, it is quite challenging to build integrated high-performance bandpass filters. The inherent losses associated with on-chip inductors lead to filters having relatively high insertion losses, limited dynamic range and low out-of-band rejection. For this reason, nowadays, most wireless systems utilize individual off-chip filters rather than fully integrated bandpass filters. A cellular radio receiver is required to recover a weak desired signal in presence of other in-band and out-of-band interfering signals (blockers). These interfering signals near the desired signal need to be suppressed. To that end, a band selection filter is used to provide attenuation for out-of-band signals, and a subsequent baseband lowpass channel select filters provide channel selection. Existing filters providing channel selection directly at RF for cellular applications does not have adequate rejection in the stopband to full LTE requirements. In this thesis, several techniques based on N-path filters have been proposed to handle large out-of-band blockers. The ultimate rejection of classical N-path fillter is limited due to non-zero switch resistance. A cascaded configuration of bandpass (BP) and bandstop (BS) filter is utilized to create notches on both sides of the passband where the center frequency of bandstop filters are shifted by using feed-forward and feedback g[subscript m] cell. The filter is tunable from 0.2 GHz to 1.8 GHz. The proposed tunable filter has 48.3 dB rejection at 20 MHz offsetand has 58.8 dB rejection at 45 MHz offset from the center frequency. The simulated stop-band rejection of the filter is 71.2 dB. However, it is diffcult to create nearby notches without affecting the passband response of the later. To overcome the above diffculty, a new architecture is presented based on two-path signal cancellation technique to create notches close to the passband to handle large blockers. The filter consists of a tunable BPF in parallel with tunable BS filters. Due to the subtraction of BP and BS filters two notches can be created. This combination ensures the correct amplitude and phase relationships across a wide tuning range to create adjustable TZs without sacrificing the gain of the passband. This paper presents in detail the design considerations and guidelines, as well as analysis of the filter performance in the presence of non-idealities such as parasitics and imperfect clock signal shape. The proposed filter is implemented with high-Q N-path lter blocks in a 65-nm CMOS process. The passband of the filter is tunable from 0.1 GHz to 1.4 GHz with a 3-dB bandwidth of 9.8-10.2 MHz, a gain of 21.5-24 dB, a noise figure of 3-4.2 dB, and a total power consumption of 50-73 mW. TZs are created on both sides of the passband with a minimal offset of 25 MHz and are tunable across a 20 MHz range with up to 60 dB rejection. The measured blocker 1-dB compression point is 8 dBm and the out-of-band IIP3 is 23 dBm. The reported filter provides a promising on-chip filtering solution for multi-standard, multi-frequency software-dened radio applications with improved interference mitigation capabilities. Various on-chip techniques to handle out-of-band blockers have been proposed recently. Although these approaches are suitable for suppressing a single frequency blocker, the created single-frequency notch is not effective in presence of wideband blockers which is becoming more prevalent with the development in high-speed wireless communications. A tunable active bandpass filter with bandwidth-adjustable notches close to the passband for wideband blocker suppression with high attenuation is designed and fabricated. The proposed filter is composed of a 3-pole N-path bandstop filter in cascade with an Npath bandpass filter, where the center frequency of the bandpass filter is offset from the bandstop filters. With proper tuning of the coupling capacitors in the bandstop filter, three adjacent notches can be created which provides a larger suppression bandwidth. An implementation of the filter in 65-nm CMOS exhibits a passband tunable between 0.1-1.1 GHz, with a 3-dB bandwidth of 12.4-14.2 MHz, a gain of 9.5-10.3 dB, a noise figure of 4.3-5.8 dB, and a total power consumption of 40-64.3mW. The blocker 1-dB compression point is 6.5 dBm and the out-of-band IIP3 is 18.4 dBm.

Author: Saad Mekhilef
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811917426
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 568

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Book Description
This book features selected high-quality papers presented at International Conference on Electrical and Electronics Engineering (ICEEE 2022), jointly organized by University of Malaya and Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research India during January 8–9, 2022, at NCR New Delhi, India. The book focuses on current development in the fields of electrical and electronics engineering. The book one covers electrical engineering topics–power and energy including renewable energy, power electronics and applications, control, and automation and instrumentation and book two covers the areas of robotics, artificial intelligence and IoT, electronics devices, circuits and systems, wireless and optical communication, RF and microwaves, VLSI, and signal processing. The book is beneficial for readers from both academia and industry.

Author: Jinjing Li
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 79

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Radio Frequency/Microwave filter is a key component that defines the performance of the front-end portion of the modern wireless communication system. A well-designed Radio Frequency/Microwave filter is able to select and pass/reject the frequency of the signals to be transmitted/received or attenuated with minimum added loss and interference. With the rapid development of wireless communication technologies, the modern handset device needs to integrate multiple technologies, services, and applications (LTE, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, GPS, GNSS) covering the frequency spectrum from a few hundred megahertz to 7GHz, posing extreme challenges to the spectrum filtering functions and size reduction. The filters in the modern RF frontend are realized with filter banks, which means that each filter is dedicated to a certain frequency range for a specific service. On the other hand, filters with reconfigurable characteristics can be a good candidate to replace the traditional filter banks due to their flexibility, smaller size, and lower cost. The challenge from the current literature is the limited tuning capability and added filter losses from the tuning circuit. In this thesis, a 3rd order Chebyshev planar comb-line band-pass filter is designed at a center frequency of 1.5GHz with 20% fractional bandwidth, and 0.01 Ripple factor on a Microstrip substrate. Tuning capability is achieved by replacing the resonator-loaded capacitors with varactors. The final measurements show a tuning range from 1.45GHz to 1.71GHz, an insertion loss of 3.6dB, a return loss better than 10dB, and an out-of-band rejection better than 35dB. The size of the standalone comb-line filter is 20.8mm by 24.6mm, and the varactor-tuned filter with the biasing circuit is 63.5mm by 43.7mm. In wireless communication, the wider bandwidth allows the higher speed of signal transmission. And for tunable components, it is important to keep their performance constant. Compared to previously published works, this design is for achieving a wider bandwidth and maintaining the broad passband while tuning.

Author: Cesar A. Lugo (Jr)
Publisher:
ISBN: 9788390498409
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 115

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This thesis discusses the investigation and development of design methodologies for the creation of multi-functional bandpass filters at microwave frequencies. These filters are capable of tuning to different frequency bands as well as varying their fractional bandwidth. The research also studies polynomial synthesis procedures as a tool for the derivation of reconfigurable planar filters with advanced asymmetrical responses.

Author: Cheng-kai Luo
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 110

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Book Description
Growing demand for multi-band wireless systems has emphasized tunable highly linear filtering without sacrificing cost or form factor. The 3G/4G frequency-division duplex (FDD) cellular systems such as long-term evolution (LTE) are more prone to interference from strong blockers associated primarily with the co-located transmit signal. In an LTE receiver (RX), transmit signal introduces a strong out-of-band (OOB) blocker, transmit (TX) leakage, placing stringent linearity and power-handling capability requirements at the diversity RXs. In conventional multi-band systems, a large number of SAW filters are used and single-pole multi-throw switches select the appropriate SAW filter for the desired channel. The cascaded insertion loss of the filter and switch, impose a significant noise performance degradation. Therefore, filtering solutions that are tunable, blocker tolerant, and highly linear are critical to extending multi-band schemes. In this research work, tunable filters are proposed with offset band-reject filtering to address TX leakage. First, a N-path filter is demonstrated in 45-nm CMOS SOI technology and consists of a combination of tunable band-pass and band-reject filtering. A tunable filter was presented with more than a decade tuning range, high linearity and blocker tolerance for a SAW-less diversity path receiver in FDD cellular systems. The 3-dB bandwidth (BW) of the pass band is greater than 80 MHz with an independently tunable reject band, providing the ultimate rejection is 33 dB to 41 dB while the pass band insertion loss is between 2.6 dB and 4.3 dB over the tuning range. The proposed filter offers 29-dBm OOB 3rd-order input-intercept power (IIP3) and 22-dBm in band (IB) IIP3 with a 10-dBm blocker 1-dB compression point (B1dB). Then, A channel-selecting low-noise amplifier (CS-LNA) with blocker filtering is presented for a SAW-less diversity path receiver in frequency-division duplexing cellular systems. A hybrid-path bandpass filter/band-reject filter (BPF/BRF) feedback network is applied to the LNA to create close-in reject bands around the passband to suppress transmit leakage and improve the out-of-band (OOB) input-referred third-order intercept point (IIP3). Control of the frequency and depth of the reject bands is demonstrated with analysis and simulation. A cancellation linearization is applied to improve the in-band (IB) linearity. Adaptive LO swing and silicon-on-insulator (SOI) thick-oxide devices are demonstrated to improve the power-handling capability. The proposed CS-LNA is implemented in 32-nm CMOS SOI and operates from 0.4 to 6 GHz with the maximum rejection larger than 60 dB and power-handling capability up to 17 dBm. The prototype demonstrates an OOB IIP3 of 36 dBm and IB IIP3 of 10 dBm at 1 GHz. To the authors' knowledge, this is the highest blocker rejection, power-handling capability, linearity, and the widest tuning range for an LNA with tunable filtering.