Initial Coin Offering. New form of corporate financing PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Initial Coin Offering. New form of corporate financing PDF full book. Access full book title Initial Coin Offering. New form of corporate financing by Simon Kröger. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Simon Kröger Publisher: GRIN Verlag ISBN: 3346680533 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 47
Book Description
Bachelor Thesis from the year 2018 in the subject Business economics - Investment and Finance, grade: 1,0, University of Cologne, language: English, abstract: Since the introduction of Bitcoin in 2009, cryptocurrencies and the blockchain technology behind them have grown in popularity. A new funding mechanism has emerged from blockchain technology, referred to as Initial Coin Offering (hereafter abbreviated as ICO). Recently, this instrument has been increasingly used to finance blockchain-based projects and represents a new alternative to traditional forms of capital raising such as venture capital financing. Although the investors often receive neither co-determination rights nor a share in the profits of the project in return for their financial resources, the organizations implementing the ICOs manage to collect millions of euros within a few hours. The venture capital raised through ICOs has grown from around $300 million to around $19.4 billion since January 2017 to June 2018. Due to the rapidly increasing popularity of ICOs, the new financing mechanism is the focus of this bachelor thesis. This serves as introductory literature for the reader and gives him an understanding of the new form of corporate financing. In addition, it should be examined whether the recent success of the ICOs can be justified.
Author: Simon Kröger Publisher: GRIN Verlag ISBN: 3346680533 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 47
Book Description
Bachelor Thesis from the year 2018 in the subject Business economics - Investment and Finance, grade: 1,0, University of Cologne, language: English, abstract: Since the introduction of Bitcoin in 2009, cryptocurrencies and the blockchain technology behind them have grown in popularity. A new funding mechanism has emerged from blockchain technology, referred to as Initial Coin Offering (hereafter abbreviated as ICO). Recently, this instrument has been increasingly used to finance blockchain-based projects and represents a new alternative to traditional forms of capital raising such as venture capital financing. Although the investors often receive neither co-determination rights nor a share in the profits of the project in return for their financial resources, the organizations implementing the ICOs manage to collect millions of euros within a few hours. The venture capital raised through ICOs has grown from around $300 million to around $19.4 billion since January 2017 to June 2018. Due to the rapidly increasing popularity of ICOs, the new financing mechanism is the focus of this bachelor thesis. This serves as introductory literature for the reader and gives him an understanding of the new form of corporate financing. In addition, it should be examined whether the recent success of the ICOs can be justified.
Author: Dmitri Boreiko Publisher: Universitas Studiorum ISBN: 8833690474 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 182
Book Description
The great and fastening strides of the Fintech revolution continuously transform once-static traditional financial industry and provision of credit in particular. Blockchain innovation has led to creation of new industry of raising funds without the need for financial intermediaries such as venture capital or banks. In this book we build up a holistic picture of the token sales or initial coin offerings (ICOs) from their inception in 2013 to our days. We analyze the initial phases of the industry’s development, collecting information on all campaigns or ICO attempts in this period, providing a thorough quantitative analysis of the phenomenon. We also provide a detailed account of token sales mechanics and overview all the main actors in this new ecosystem of blockchain-based financing. By leveraging the open data on token sales contributions, we study the behavior of token sales investors and find out that recurrent investors do not succeed in selecting better ICO projects but bigger investors do. In the last part of the book, we study crypto tokens as investments and overview their functionality and risks involved, as well as look at the alternative methods of creating and distributing tokens and compare them to token sales.
Author: Publisher: GRIN Verlag ISBN: 334615355X Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 53
Book Description
Bachelor Thesis from the year 2018 in the subject Business economics - Review of Business Studies, grade: 1.3, LMU Munich, language: English, abstract: The term initial coin offering (ICO) seems to be the new hype of the crypto community. It offers never before seen possibilities for consumers and companies but suffers from draw backs like a lack of regulation. In 2017, an impressive number of 4.6 billion USD was invested in ICOs. Consequently, ICOs are of large public interest. Therefore, it is interesting to determine what influences the behaviour of investors. Accordingly, the aim of this thesis is to investigate how general investment factors change in the disruptive environment of ICOs. Hence, in this context, relevant general investment factor - such as reputation, media coverage, corporate social responsibility, risk and other factors including macroeconomic situation, past performance and technological uncertainty - are considered. The results show that, due to a lack of reliable measures for quantitative factors, qualitative investment factors gain greater importance for ICOs. Furthermore, the highest importance was assigned to media coverage, which is important for investors who want to overcome the high information asymmetries that exist for ICOs.
Author: Aurelio Gurrea-Martínez Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 44
Book Description
The rise of new technologies is changing the way companies raise funds. Along with the recent increase of crowdfunding in the past years, a new form of funding has emerged more recently: the use of Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs). In 2017, companies raised more than $4 billion through ICOs in the United States, and more than $17billion has been raised during the first three quarters of 2018. In a typical ICO, a company raises cryptocurrencies giving some rights in return. The different nature and features of these rights, known as “tokens”, are generating many controversies among securities regulators around the world. Namely, it is not clear whether and, if so, when these tokens should comply with securities law. Securities regulators are addressing this issue in a very different manner across jurisdictions: while countries like the United States, Switzerland and Singapore are requiring companies to comply with existing securities rules only when a company issues “security tokens”, other jurisdictions, such as China and South Korea, have prohibited ICOs, and Mexico subject any issuance of tokens to a system of full control ex ante. Nevertheless, ICOs not only generate these challenges for securities regulators. They also arise many other issues from an accounting, finance, corporate governance, data protection, anti-money laundry and insolvency law perspective. By providing a comparative and interdisciplinary analysis of ICOs, our paper seeks to provide regulators and policy-makers with a set of recommendations to deal with ICOs in a way that may promote innovation and firms' access to finance without harming investor protection, market integrity and the stability of the financial system.
Author: Nikolaus Lipusch Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 21
Book Description
Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs) emerged as a new type of fundraising that is conducted over the web and is mainly used by open-source blockchain-type start-ups to get their business started. While ICOs recently attracted a lot of attention from investors as well as the media, research on this topic is still nascent. The aim of this paper is to collect and analyze currently available information on ICOs in order to provide foundational knowledge on this rather young phenomenon. To derive a first working definition of the concept, we compare ICOs to more established fundraising mechanisms (i.e. Crowdfunding, Venture Capital and Initial Public Offerings) to identify main differences and commonalties. Furthermore, we provide a short overview of how ICOs work as well as the business models that are associated with this type of funding. Finally, we discuss the broader implications of this new type of fundraising. Therefore, the paper discusses two major potentials of ICOs, which lie 1) in the democratization of venture capital as well as 2) in incentivizing the creation of new protocol technologies that form the basis for new innovative business models. Our main contribution lies in providing researchers an overview and a conceptualization of Initial Coin Offerings. In doing so, we hopefully encourage more researchers to pick up this interesting topic and to produce research on their own to further advance the field.
Author: Massimiliano Caruso Publisher: Singulab ISBN: 1796623792 Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 22
Book Description
The rise of crypto-assets and crypto-assets corporate finance transactions – like Initial Coin Offerings, Security Token Offerings, Initial Exchange Offerings, and respective variants – are disrupting the way companies raise funds. At the same time the sudden rise of crypto finance transactions has created unprecedented challenges for regulators, financial market authorities, corporate finance lawyers and professionals. Crypto-assets corporate finance transactions are essentially borderless, global and interconnected. Their borderless nature was the core inspiration of this work. This book, indeed, is an attempt to address to a comparative and functional analysis of crypto-assets corporate finance transactions. I believe it’s neutral, international, functional and short. It’s neutral because while it’s true that the variety of crypto-assets necessitates a case-by-case analysis, it’s unquestionable that some types and hybrid forms of crypto-assets fall within existing securities laws and regulations. Securities offerings, however, are highly regulated in most developed jurisdictions, while, by contrast, the rapid rise of these crypto-assets corporate finance transactions is very likely nothing else than a mere market response to overregulation. It has to be noted that: (i) regulations should be technologically neutral, and in order to become so, address the actors and not the products themselves; (ii) far too often (non-accredited, non-qualified, non-sophisticated) investors are denied the opportunity to invest in new and promising technologies and in new companies — all which undermine productive capital formation and economic growth; (iii) crypto finance transactions are part of a self-contained system and this unique context requires to carefully weigh competing goals – protecting investors (that can lead to a larger and healthier crypto finance environment) while promoting capital raising and economic liberty. This is why these crypto-assets should be treated as a new type of asset whose use – currently falling within existing regulations – should be governed by new and ad hoc regulations, above all in the securities field, in order not to disregard their unique operational and technological features. Existing securities rules and best practices are frequently nonsensical or even counterproductive in the context of many crypto finance transactions. Regulation is certainly necessary to allow crypto-assets and crypto- assets corporate finance transactions to achieve their potential, but the regulatory system should have an appropriate balance and a high degree of clarity. I believe, however, optimal regulatory structures will emerge and converge over time. The final part of the book, then, sketches some proposals for regulators – based on a weighted approach – that, if adopted, would enhance legal certainty and seek to balance support for innovation and investor protection. It’s international because it contains summary information on the securities law regimes in Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, EU / EAA (Austria, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Luxemburg, Netherlands, Norway, United Kingdom), Hong Kong, India, Israel, Japan, Nigeria, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Switzerland, United Arab Emirates, United States, including the principal prospectus exemptions and private placements rules in each jurisdiction. Securities offerings are highly regulated and significant civil and criminal penalties can be incurred as a result of offerings which are not authorized by the relevant authorities or compliant with the applicable securities regime. There are good reasons why similar measures have arisen in the wider corporate world over time – to ensure a sustainable ecosystem with resources directed at better quality projects, to ensure that bad actors are (to the extent possible) eliminated, and to ensure that legal and professional risks are mitigated by a better balance between the interests of all stakeholders. This is why crypto-assets corporate finance transactions falling within existing securities laws and regulations can’t be conducted assuming the law doesn’t exist – in the meantime specific regulations arise. Also, while the lack of widely accepted global standards has led to a great deal of regulatory arbitrage, as crypto-assets issuers shop for jurisdictions with the lightest touch (or no touch), I believe they should not attempt to flee from regulation. By contrast, they should talk with financial market authorities. It’s functional because with regard to crypto-assets with real intrinsic usage (non- speculative crypto-assets) this book discusses how a proactive self-regulation, ethical human behaviors, rigorous due diligence, improved governance, disclosure, investors protection and accountability measures could be applied to lead to better quality Initial Coin Offerings, a more sustainable fundraising environment for all the parties involved and mitigate risks due to regulatory uncertainty. At the same I propose (and encourage the adoption of) a Corporate Crypto Conduct Code for businesses in this space. It’s short because my project in writing this book is to give a quick framework for understanding the most important securities law regimes. This book is not intended to be an exhaustive guide to the regulation of crypto-assets corporate finance transaction globally or in any of the included jurisdictions. Instead, for each jurisdiction, I have endeavored to provide a sufficient overview for the reader to understand the current legal and regulatory environment. I hope that it remains short enough to attract the readers I would like to reach: (i) my colleagues in international business and corporate law and related legal fields (who can start from these frameworks to make a more detailed analysis of the securities laws in the core jurisdictions summarized in this book); (ii) regulators and lawmakers (with the hope they will find this book a helpful guide to develop new strategies, policies and regulations); (iii) crypto-assets issuers (with the hope they understand the importance of being compliant with the law – even if and when, on the spot, it seems economically irrational – and the reasons why the current measures have arisen in the wider corporate world over time).
Author: Jiafu An Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Initial coin offerings (ICOs) are a new financing instrument that allows start-ups to sell blockchain-based digital tokens for capital on the internet. This study tests the effects of disclosure of founders' background information and founding team's collective human capital on ICO outcomes. We find both the disclosure of founders' information and founding team's human capital are associated with better ICO outcomes measured either by the total amount raised or the speed of fundraising. Our results thus highlight the importance of information disclosure and human capital in entrepreneurial finance.
Author: Sabrina T. Howell Publisher: ISBN: Category : Blockchains (Databases) Languages : en Pages : 58
Book Description
Initial coin offerings (ICOs) are sales of blockchain-based digital tokens associated with specific platforms or assets. Since 2014 ICOs have emerged as a new financing instrument, with some parallels to IPOs, venture capital, and pre-sale crowdfunding. We examine the relationship between issuer characteristics and measures of success, with a focus on liquidity, using 453 ICOs that collectively raise $5.7 billion. We also employ propriety transaction data in a case study of Filecoin, one of the most successful ICOs. We find that liquidity and trading volume are higher when issuers offer voluntary disclosure, credibly commit to the project, and signal quality.
Author: Simon Kröger
Author: Simon Kröger
Author: Dmitri Boreiko
Author: 
Author: Aurelio Gurrea-Martínez
Author: Nikolaus Lipusch
Author: Rodney J. Garratt
Author: Massimiliano Caruso
Author: Jiafu An
Author: Sabrina T. Howell
Author: Aya Bey